Isisu Aortic Aneurysm

-Delile

• Yini i-aortic aneurysm (AAA) yesisu?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-aneurysms esiswini se-aortic?
• Yini ebangela i-aortic aneurysm yesisu?
• Ukubhema
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-Vascular (vasculitis)
• Ngubani osengozini yokuthola i-aortic aneurysm?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-aortic aneurysm yesisu?
• Ukuhlonza i-aneurysm yesisu esiswini
• Ukwelapha i-aortic aneurysm
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?
• Ngabe kungavinjelwa kanjani i-aneurysm yesisu esiswini?

Yini i-aortic aneurysm (AAA) yesisu?

I-aorta ingumthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni womuntu. Lithwala igazi lisuke enhliziyweni yakho liye ekhanda nasezingalweni liye phansi esiswini, emilenzeni nasesinqeni. Izindonga ze-aorta zingakhukhumala noma ziqhume njengebhaluni elincane uma ziba buthakathaka. Lokhu kubizwa nge-aortic aneurysm (AAA) esiswini uma kwenzeka engxenyeni ye-aorta esesiswini sakho.

Ama-AAAs awabangeli izinkinga njalo, kepha i-aneurysm eqhekekile ingasongela impilo. Ngakho-ke, uma kutholakala ukuthi une-aneurysm, udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzofuna ukukuqapha eduze, noma ngabe angangeneleli zisuka nje.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-aneurysms esiswini se-aortic?

Ama-AAA ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngosayizi wawo kanye nejubane akhula ngalo. Lezi zinto ezimbili zingasiza ukubikezela imiphumela yezempilo ye-aneurysm.

Incane (engaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-5.5) noma i-AAAserally ekhula kancane inengcuphe ephansi kakhulu yokuqhekeka kunama-aneurysms amakhulu noma lawo akhula ngokushesha. Odokotela bavame ukubheka njengokuvikelekile ukubheka lezi ngama-ultrasound ejwayelekile esiswini kunokuzelapha.

Okukhulu (okungaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-5.5) noma i-AAA ekhula ngokushesha kunamathuba amaningi okuqhekeka kunama-aneurysms amancane noma akhula kancane. Ukuqhekeka kungaholela ekopheni kwangaphakathi nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu. Uma i-aneurysm inkulu, maningi amathuba okuthi izodinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Lezi zinhlobo zama-aneurysms nazo zidinga ukwelashwa uma zidala izimpawu noma zivuza igazi.

Yini ebangela i-aortic aneurysm yesisu?

Imbangela yama-AAAs ayikaziwa okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, kunezici ezithile eziboniswe ukukhulisa ubungozi bakho kubo. Kubandakanya:

Ukubhema

Ukubhema kungalimaza ngqo izindonga zemithambo yakho, kuzenze zibe nethuba lokuqhuma. Kungakhuphula nobungozi bokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)

Umfutho wegazi ubhekisa ezingeni lengcindezi ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi lakho. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungazenza buthaka izindonga ze-aorta yakho. Lokhu kwenza i-aneurysm ibe sethubeni elingaphezulu lokwakheka.

Ukuvuvukala kwe-Vascular (vasculitis)

Ukuvuvukala okukhulu ngaphakathi kwe-aorta neminye imithambo yegazi kungadala ama-AAAs ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile.

Ama-Aneurysms angakha kunoma yisiphi isitsha segazi emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, ama-AAAs athathwa njengabucayi ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobukhulu be-aorta.

Ngubani osengozini yokuthola i-aortic aneurysm?

Ama-AAA maningi amathuba okuthi kwenzeke uma:

• ngabesilisa
• zikhuluphele noma zikhuluphele ngokweqile
• bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
• unomlando womndeni wezimo zenhliziyo nezifo
• ube nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engama-35 nengama-60 ubudala
• une-cholesterol ephezulu noma enamafutha amaningi emithanjeni yegazi (atherosclerosis)
• phila impilo yokuhlala phansi
• uke waba nokuhlukumezeka esiswini sakho noma omunye umonakalo ebangeni lakho eliphakathi
• bhema imikhiqizo kagwayi

Ziyini izimpawu ze-aortic aneurysm yesisu?

Ama-aneurysms amaningi awanazo izimpawu ngaphandle kokuthi aqhume. Uma i-AAA idabuka, ungathola esinye sezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ubuhlungu obungazelelwe esiswini sakho noma emuva
• ubuhlungu busakazeka esiswini sakho noma buye emuva okhalweni, emilenzeni, noma ezinqeni
• isikhumba esimnyama noma esijulukile
• ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo
• ukushaqeka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu. I-aneurysm eqhekekile ingasongela impilo.

Ukuhlonza i-aneurysm yesisu esiswini

Ama-AAAs angaqhekekile avame ukutholakala lapho udokotela eskena noma ehlola isisu sakho ngesinye isizathu.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ungaba nayo, bazozwa isisu sakho ukubona ukuthi siqinile yini noma siqukethe isisindo esidonsayo. Bangase futhi bahlole ukuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni yakho noma basebenzise okunye kokuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• I-CT scan yesisu
• i-ultrasound yesisu
• X-ray esifubeni
• isisu se-MRI

Ukwelapha i-aortic aneurysm

Ngokuya ngosayizi nendawo eyiyo ye-aneurysm, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlinzwa ukuze alungise noma asuse izicubu ezilimele. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuhlinzwa kwesisu okuvulekile noma ngokuhlinzwa kwe-endovascular. Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe kuzoya ngempilo yakho yonke nohlobo lwe-aneurysm.

Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okuvulekile kusetshenziselwa ukususa izindawo ezilimele ze-aorta yakho. Kuyindlela yokuhlinza engenayo futhi inesikhathi eside sokululama. Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okuvulekile kungadingeka uma i-aneurysm yakho inkulu kakhulu noma isivele iqhumile.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Endovascular kuyindlela encane yokuhlinzwa kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwesisu. Kuhilela ukusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa ukuze uzinzise izindonga ezibuthakathaka ze-aorta yakho.

Nge-AAA encane engaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-5.5 ububanzi, udokotela wakho anganquma ukuyibheka njalo esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kunezingozi, futhi ama-aneurysms amancane ngokuvamile awaqhekeki.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Uma udokotela wakho ancoma ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okuvulekile, kungathatha amasonto ayisithupha ukuthi ululame. Ukululama ekuhlinzweni kwe-endovascular kuthatha amasonto amabili kuphela.

Impumelelo yokuhlinzwa nokululama incike kakhulu ekutheni i-AAA itholakale ngaphambi kokuthi iqhume. Isibikezelo ngokuvamile sihle uma i-AAA itholakala ngaphambi kokuba iqhume.

Ngabe kungavinjelwa kanjani i-aneurysm yesisu esiswini?

Ukugxila empilweni yenhliziyo kungavimbela i-AAA. Lokhu kusho ukubuka lokho okudlayo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokugwema ezinye izinto ezinobungozi benhliziyo ezifana nokubhema. Udokotela wakho angahle akunikeze nemithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma i-cholesterol noma ukukusiza ulawule isifo sikashukela.

Udokotela wakho angafuna ukukuhlolela i-AAA lapho uhlanganisa iminyaka engama-65 uma usengozini enkulu ngenxa yokubhema nezinye izinto. Isivivinyo sokuhlola sisebenzisa i-ultrasound yesisu ukuskena i-aorta yakho ukuthola ama-bulges. Akunabuhlungu futhi kudinga ukwenziwa kanye kuphela.