I-Acral Lentiginous Melanoma

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-melanoma ezi-acal lentiginous
• Izimbangela ze-Acral lentiginous melanoma
• Izigaba zokuqala
• Izigaba ezithuthukile
• Ukuvimbela
• Umbono

Iyini i-acral lentiginous melanoma?

I-Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) wuhlobo lwe-melanoma ebulalayo. I-malignant melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana esikhumba okuthiwa ama-melanocyte eba nomdlavuza.

Ama-Melanocyte aqukethe umbala wakho wesikhumba (owaziwa njenge-melanin noma i-pigment). Kulolu hlobo lwe-melanoma, igama elithi "acral" lisho ukuvela kwe-melanoma ezintendeni zezandla noma ematheni.

Igama elithi "lentiginous" lisho ukuthi indawo ye-melanoma imnyama kakhulu kunesikhumba esizungezile. Ibuye ibe nomngcele obukhali phakathi kwesikhumba esimnyama nesikhumba esikhanyayo esizungezile. Lo mehluko wombala ungenye yezimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu zalolu hlobo lwe-melanoma.

I-ALM uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-melanoma kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama nalabo abavela e-Asia. Noma kunjalo, kungabonakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba. I-ALM ingaba nzima ukuyibona ekuqaleni, lapho isiqeshana sesikhumba esimnyama sincane futhi sibukeka njengokuncanyana noma ukulimaza. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.

Izimpawu ze-melanoma ezi-acal lentiginous

Uphawu olubonakala kakhulu lwe-ALM imvamisa indawo emnyama yesikhumba ezungezwe isikhumba esihlala umbala wakho wesikhumba ojwayelekile. Kukhona umngcele ocacile phakathi kwesikhumba esimnyama nesikhumba esikhanyayo esizungezile. Imvamisa uzothola indawo efana nale ezandleni noma ezinyaweni zakho, noma emibhedeni yezipikili.

Izindawo ze-ALM kungenzeka zingabi nombala omnyama ngaso sonke isikhathi noma zibe mnyama nhlobo. Amanye amabala angaba bomvu noma o-orenji ngombala - lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-amelanotic (noma angenawo umbala).

Kunezimpawu ezinhlanu ongazifuna ukunquma ukuthi ngabe indawo ingaba nokusola i-melanoma (ngokungafani nemvukuzane engenawo umdlavuza). Lezi zinyathelo kulula ukuzikhumbula ngegama elithi ABCDE:

• I-Asymmetry: Izingxenye ezimbili zendawo azifani, okusho ukuthi zingahluka ngosayizi noma ukuma. Izimvukuzane ezingenawo umdlavuza ngokuvamile ziyisiyingi noma ziyalingana futhi zilingane nhlangothi zombili.
• Ukungahambi kahle komngcele: Umngcele ozungeze indawo awulingani noma ujubekile. Izimvukuzane ezingenawo umdlavuza zivame ukuba nemingcele eqondile, echazwe ngokucacile, futhi eqinile.
• Ukuhluka kombala: Le ndawo yakhiwe ngezindawo ezinemibala eminingi ensundu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emnyama, noma eminye imibala efanayo. Izimvukuzane ezingenawo umdlavuza imvamisa umbala owodwa nje (uvame ukuba nsundu).
• Ububanzi obukhulu: Indawo inkulu ukwedlula ikota ye-intshi (0.25 intshi, noma amamilimitha ayisithupha) nxazonke. Ama-moles angenawo umdlavuza ngokuvamile amancane kakhulu.
• Ukuvela: Ibala selikhulile noma linemibala eminingi kunalapho livela okokuqala esikhunjeni sakho. Izimvukuzane ezingenawo umdlavuza ngokuvamile azikhuli noma zishintshe umbala kakhulu njengendawo ye-melanoma.

Ubuso bendawo ye-ALM bungase buqale bushelelezi futhi bube bumpier noma buqine njengoba buvela. Uma isimila siqala ukukhula sisuka kumaseli wesikhumba anomdlavuza, isikhumba sizoba bukhulu kakhulu, sikhanyiswe umbala, futhi sibe lukhuni kuze kube sekuthinteni.

I-ALM nayo ingavela ezungeze izinzipho zakho nezinzwani. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-subungual melanoma. Ungaqaphela ukushintsha kombala kuzipho lakho kanye namabala noma imigqa yokushintsha kombala enwebeka ku-cuticle nesikhumba lapho ihlangana khona nesipikili. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yisibonakaliso sikaHutchinson. Njengoba indawo ye-ALM ikhula, isipikili sakho singaqala ukuqhekeka noma siphule ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi njengoba sikhuphukela ezigabeni zakamuva.

Izimbangela ze-Acral lentiginous melanoma

I-ALM yenzeka ngoba ama-melanocyte esikhunjeni sakho aba yingozi. Isigaxa sizoqhubeka sikhule futhi sisakazeke size sisuswe.

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-melanoma, i-acral lentiginous melanoma ayihlotshaniswa nokuchayeka ngokweqile elangeni. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni i-acral lentiginous melanoma.

Ukwelashwa i-Acral lentiginous melanoma | Ukwelashwa nokuphathwa

Izigaba zokuqala

Uma i-ALM yakho isesezigabeni zokuqala futhi incane ngokwanele, udokotela wakho angavele akwazi ukusika indawo ye-ALM esikhunjeni sakho ngendlela yokuhlinza esheshayo, yokugula. Udokotela wakho uzokhipha nesikhumba esizungeze leyo ndawo. Ukuthi isikhumba sidinga ukususwa kangakanani kuncike kubukhulu be-melanoma Breslow, obukala ukuthi i-melanoma ihlasela ngokujule kangakanani. Lokhu kunqunywa nge-microscopically.

Izigaba ezithuthukile

Uma i-ALM yakho inezinga elijulile lokuhlasela, ama-lymph node angadinga ukususwa. Ukunqunywa kwamadijithi kungadingeka. Uma kunobufakazi bokusabalala okude, njengezinye izitho, ungadinga ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy. I-Immunotherapy ngemithi ye-biologic ihlose ama-receptors kuthumba.

Ukuvimbela

Uma uqala ukubona izimpawu ze-ALM ngokusebenzisa umthetho we-ABCDE, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha i-biopsy yendawo bese unquma ukuthi indawo leyo inomdlavuza yini. Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lomdlavuza noma i-melanoma, ukuluxilonga kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekwenzeni ukwelashwa kube lula futhi nomthelela empilweni yakho ube mncane.

Umbono

Ezigabeni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, i-ALM ingaba nzima ukuyiphatha nokuphatha. I-ALM ayivamile futhi ayivame ukubulala, kepha icala elithuthukile lingaholela ezingxenyeni zezandla noma zezinyawo zakho ezidinga ukunqunywa ukuze umise umdlavuza ekuqhubekeleni phambili.

Uma uthola kusenesikhathi futhi ufuna ukwelashwa ukunqanda i-ALM ukuthi ikhule futhi isabalale, umbono we-ALM ungaba muhle.