Ukunakwa Kokusilela Kwe-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Indima Ye-Dopamine

-Delile

• Abathuthi be-Dopamine kanye ne-ADHD
• Uthini ucwaningo?
• Yelashwa kanjani i-ADHD?
• Imithi eyandisa i-dopamine
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• Ezinye izimbangela ze-ADHD
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kuyini i-ADHD?

Ukunakwa kokushoda kokungasebenzi kahle (ADHD) kuyisifo se-neurodevelopmental disorder. Abantu abane-ADHD banenkinga yokugcina ukunakwa noma baneziqephu zokungasebenzi kahle eziphazamisa impilo yabo yansuku zonke.

Abantu kwesinye isikhathi bayibiza nge-ADD, kepha i-ADHD yigama elamukelwe ngokwezokwelapha.

I-ADHD ivamile. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti ayi-11 ezingane ane-ADHD, kuyilapho amaphesenti angu-4.4 abantu abadala enalesi sifo e-United States.

I-ADHD ivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni. Imvamisa iyaqhubeka ngokuthomba futhi kwesinye isikhathi ibe umuntu omdala.

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abane-ADHD ngokuvamile banenkinga enkulu yokugxila kunabantu abangenayo i-ADHD. Bangase futhi benze ngokuxhamazela kunontanga yabo. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuthi benze kahle esikoleni noma emsebenzini kanye nasemphakathini jikelele.

Abathuthi be-Dopamine kanye ne-ADHD

Izinkinga eziyisisekelo nobuchopho kungenzeka kube imbangela eyisisekelo ye-ADHD. Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi umuntu abe ne-ADHD, kepha abanye abacwaningi babheke i-neurotransmitter ebizwa nge-dopamine njengomuntu ongaba nomthelela ku-ADHD.

I-Dopamine isivumela ukuthi silawule izimpendulo ezingokomzwelo futhi sithathe izinyathelo zokuthola imivuzo ethile. Inesibopho semizwa yenjabulo nomvuzo.

Ososayensi babonile ukuthi amazinga e-dopamine ahlukile kubantu abane-ADHD kunalawo angenayo i-ADHD.

ukholelwa ukuthi lo mehluko kungenxa yokuthi ama-neurons ebuchosheni nasezinhlelweni zezinzwa zabantu abane-ADHD engazinikeli banamanani aphansi wamaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi ngabathuthi be-dopamine. Ukuhlungwa kwala maprotheni kwaziwa njenge-dopamine Transporter density (DTD).

Amazinga aphansi e-DTD angaba yingcuphe ye-ADHD. Ngenxa yokuthi othile unamazinga aphansi e-DTD, noma kunjalo, akusho ukuthi une-ADHD. Odokotela ngokujwayelekile bazosebenzisa ukubuyekeza okuphelele ukwenza ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni.

Uthini ucwaningo?

Esinye sezifundo zokuqala ezazibheka i-DTD kubantu sashicilelwa ngo-1999. Abaphenyi baqaphela ukwanda kwe-DTD kubantu abadala abayi-6 abane-ADHD uma kuqhathaniswa nababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni ababengenayo i-ADHD. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi i-DTD eyandisiwe ingaba ithuluzi eliwusizo lokuhlola i-ADHD.

Kusukela kulolu cwaningo lokuqala, ucwaningo luye lwaqhubeka ukukhombisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwabathuthi be-dopamine kanye ne-ADHD.

Ucwaningo lwango-2015 lubheke ocwaningweni olukhombisa ukuthi isakhi sofuzo se-dopamine transporter, i-DAT1, singathonya izici ezifana ne-ADHD. Bahlola abantu abadala abangu-1,289 abaphilile.

Ucwaningo lubuze ngokungafisi, ukunganaki, nokungazinzi kwemizwelo, okuyizinto ezintathu ezichaza i-ADHD. Kodwa isifundo asibonisanga ukuhlangana nezimpawu ze-ADHD nokungajwayelekile kofuzo ngaphandle kokungazinzi kwemizwelo.

I-DTD nezakhi zofuzo ezifana ne-DAT1 akuzona izinkomba ezicacile ze-ADHD. Iningi lezifundo zokwelashwa lifake inani elincane kuphela labantu. Kudingeka izifundo eziningi ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe iziphetho eziqinile.

Ngokwengeziwe, abanye abacwaningi bathi ezinye izinto zinikela kakhulu ku-ADHD kunamazinga e-dopamine ne-DTD.

Ucwaningo olulodwa ngo-2013 lwathola ukuthi inani lezinto ezimpunga ebuchosheni lingaba neqhaza ku-ADHD ngaphezu kwamazinga e-dopamine. Olunye ucwaningo oluvela ku-2006 lukhombisa ukuthi abathutha i-dopamine babephansi ezingxenyeni zobuchopho besobunxele kubahlanganyeli ababene-ADHD.

Ngalokhu okutholakele okuphikisanayo, kunzima ukusho ukuthi amazinga we-DTD ahlala ekhombisa i-ADHD. Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo olukhombisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-ADHD namazinga aphansi e-dopamine, kanye namazinga aphansi e-DTD, akhombisa ukuthi i-dopamine ingaba yindlela yokwelashwa ye-ADHD.

Yelashwa kanjani i-ADHD?

Imithi eyandisa i-dopamine

Imithi eminingi yokwelapha i-ADHD isebenza ngokwandisa i-dopamine nokukhuthaza ukugxila. Le mithi ngokuvamile iyizikhuthazi. Kubandakanya ama-amphetamine afana ne:

• i-amphetamine / dextroamphetamine (Adderall)
• i-methylphenidate (Concerta, Ritalin)

Le mithi inyusa amazinga e-dopamine ebuchosheni ngokubhekisa kubathuthi be-dopamine nokwandisa amazinga e-dopamine.

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukuthatha umthamo omkhulu wale mithi kuzoholela ekugxileni nasekunakekelweni okukhulu. Lokhu akulona iqiniso. Uma amazinga akho e-dopamine ephezulu kakhulu, lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuthi ugxile.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha

Ngo-2003, i-FDA yavuma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingasebenzisi amandla ukuphatha i-ADHD.

Ngokwengeziwe, odokotela bancoma ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kubo bobabili umuntu one-ADHD kanye nabathandekayo bakhe. Ukwelapha ngokuziphatha kuhilela ukuya kumelaphi oqinisekisiwe webhodi ukuyelulekwa.

Ezinye izimbangela ze-ADHD

Ososayensi abaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela i-ADHD. I-Dopamine kanye nabathuthi bayo yizinto ezimbili nje ezingaba khona.

Abaphenyi baqaphele ukuthi i-ADHD ivame ukujwayeleka emindenini. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokwengxenye ngoba izakhi zofuzo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zingaba nomthelela esigamekweni se-ADHD.

Izindlela eziningana zokuphila nezindlela zokuziphatha nazo zingaba neqhaza ku-ADHD. Kubandakanya:

• ukuchayeka ezintweni ezinobuthi, ezinjengomthofu, ngesikhathi sobuntwana nokubeletha
• ukubhema komama noma ukuphuza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi
• izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-ADHD, i-dopamine, ne-DTD kuyathembisa. Imithi eminingi esebenzayo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zomsebenzi we-ADHD ngokwandisa umthelela we-dopamine emzimbeni. Abaphenyi nabo basaphenya ngale nhlangano.

Lokho kuthiwa, i-dopamine ne-DTD akuzona kuphela izimbangela eziyisisekelo ze-ADHD. Abaphenyi baphenya izincazelo ezintsha ezingaba khona ezifana nenani lezinto ezimpunga ebuchosheni.

Uma une-ADHD noma usola ukuthi unayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangakunika ukuxilongwa okufanele futhi ungaqala kuhlelo olungafaka izidakamizwa nezindlela zemvelo ezandisa i-dopamine.

Ungenza futhi okulandelayo ukukhulisa amazinga akho e-dopamine:

• Zama okuthile okusha.
• Yenza uhlu lwemisebenzi emincane bese uyiqedela.
• Lalela umculo owuthandayo.
• Vocavoca umzimba njalo.
• Zindla wenze i-yoga.