Ukungezwani komzimba nesifuba somoya: Izimbangela Nokuxilongwa

-Delile

• Buyekeza kwe-

Yini Ibangela I-Allergies?

Izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba nabantu zaziwa ngokuthi ama-allergener. "Ama-antigen," noma izinhlayiya zamaprotheni ezifana nempova, ukudla noma idander zingena emzimbeni wethu ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Uma i-antigen ibangela ukungezwani komzimba, leyo zinhlayiya zibhekwa njenge "allergen." Lokhu kungaba:

Adonse umoya

Ama-pollens ezitshalo aqhutshwa umoya adala ukungezwani komzimba nekhala, amehlo namaphaphu. Lezi zitshalo (kufaka phakathi ukhula oluthile, izihlahla notshani) kungukungcola okungokwemvelo okukhiqizwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zonyaka lapho izimbali zazo ezincane ezingabonakali zikhipha izinhlayiya ze-pollen eziyizigidigidi.

Ngokungafani nezitshalo ezine-impova yomoya, izimbali zasendle eziqhakazile noma izimbali ezikhuliswe ezingadini eziningi zokuhlala zinezimpova zezinyosi, iminyovu nezinye izinambuzane ngakho-ke azikwazi kabanzi ukukhiqiza i-rhinitis yokungezwani nezinto ezithile.

Esinye isigebengu: uthuli lwasendlini olungahlanganisa izinhlayiya zothuli, izinhlamvu zesikhunta, ikati nenja.

Okufakiwe

Amacala avamile afaka imfanzi, amakinati namanye amantongomane.

Kufakiwe

Njengemithi elethwa ngenaliti efana ne-penicillin noma eminye imijovo; ubuthi obuvela ekulunyweni yizinambuzane nokulunywa.

Kumuncwa

Izitshalo ezifana ne-poison ivy, i-sumac ne-oki ne-latex ziyizibonelo.

I-Genetics

Njengompandla, ukuphakama nombala wamehlo, ikhono lokungezwani nezinto ezithile kuyisici esizuzwe njengefa. Kepha lokho akukwenzi ukuthi uzwelane ngokuzenzakalela nama-allergen athile. Kumelwe kube nezinto ezimbalwa:

• Izakhi zofuzo ezithile ezitholwe kubazali.
• Ukuchayeka esikhumbeni esisodwa noma ngaphezulu onempendulo ehlelwe ngofuzo.
• Izinga nobude bokuchayeka.

Ingane ezalwe inenkambiso yokungezwani nobisi lwenkomo, ngokwesibonelo, ingakhombisa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezinyangeni ezimbalwa izelwe. Ikhono lofuzo lokungezwani ne-cat dander lingathatha iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine yokuchayeka kwekati ngaphambi kokuba umuntu abonise izimpawu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-ivy yokungezwani komzimba nobuthakathaka (i-contact dermatitis) iyisibonelo semithi yokungezwani komzimba lapho isizinda sefa singadlali. Izinto ngaphandle kwezitshalo, njengamadayi, izinsimbi, namakhemikhali kuma-deodorants nezimonyo, nakho kungadala i-dermatitis efanayo.

Ukuxilongwa

Uma ubhodloza lapho inyosi ikuhlaba, noma uthimula njalo uma ufuya ikati, uyazi ukuthi yiziphi ezinye zezifo zakho. Kodwa uma iphethini ingabonakali kangako, zama ukugcina umbhalo wokuthi ukusabela kwakho kwenzeka nini, kuphi, futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo. Uma iphethini ingakacaci, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Odokotela bahlola ukungezwani komzimba nezinyathelo ezi-3:

1. Umlando womuntu siqu kanye nezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo ukuze uthole ukuqonda okuphelele kwezimpawu zakho nezimbangela zazo. Letha amanothi akho ukusiza ukugijima imemori yakho. Lungela ukuphendula imibuzo mayelana nomlando womndeni wakho, izinhlobo zemithi oyiphuzayo, nendlela yakho yokuphila ekhaya, esikoleni, nasemsebenzini.

2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Uma udokotela wakho esola ukungezwani komzimba, uzonaka kakhulu izindlebe zakho, amehlo, impumulo, umphimbo, isifuba nesikhumba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu ukuthola ukuthi uwukhipha kahle kangakanani umoya emaphashini akho. Ungadinga futhi i-X-ray yamaphaphu akho noma amasinusi.

3. Izivivinyo zokuthola izinto ezingakuphathi kahle. Udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba, ukuhlolwa kwepatch noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi.

• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Lezi ngokuvamile ziyindlela enembe kunazo zonke futhi engabizi kakhulu yokuqinisekisa okokungezwani komzimba nomzimba wakho. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-allergen. Ekuhlolweni kokuhlaba/ukuklwebheka, ithonsi elincane lento engase ingezwani nalutho ifakwa esikhumbeni, kulandele ukuhlaba kancane noma ukunwaya ngenaliti econsi. Ekuhlolweni kwe-intra-dermal (ngaphansi kwesikhumba), inani elincane kakhulu le-allergen lifakwa engxenyeni engaphandle yesikhumba.
  Uma uxabana nalolu ketshezi, uzoba nokubomvu, ukuvuvukala nokunwaya endaweni yokuhlola kungakapheli imizuzu engama-20. Ungabona futhi "isondo" noma indawo ephakanyisiwe, eyindilinga ebukeka njengesidleke. Imvamisa, uma kukhulu isondo, uzwela kakhudlwana ku-allergen.

• Ukuhlolwa kwepheshi. Lesi isivivinyo esihle sokunquma ukuthi ngabe une-dermatitis yokuxhumana. Udokotela wakho uzobeka inani elincane le-allergen esikhumbeni sakho, asimboze ngebhandeshi, futhi ahlole ukusabela kwakho ngemva kwamahora angu-48. Uma uba nokuqubuka, awuzwani nalutho.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-Allergen (okubizwa nangokuthi i-radioallergosorbent test [RAST], i-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays [ELISA], i-fluorescent allergosorbent test [FAST], ukuhlolwa okuningi kwe-radioallergosorbent [MAST], noma ukuhlolwa kwe-radioimmunosorbent [RIST]) ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa lapho abantu benesikhumba. isimo noma bathatha imithi ephazamisa ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Udokotela wakho uzothatha isampula yegazi alithumele elabhorethri. Ilebhu lenezela i-allergen esampulini sakho segazi, bese ilinganisa inani lama-antibody akhiqizwa yigazi lakho ukuhlasela amagciwane.

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