I-Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibody (i-ASMA)

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA)?
• I-hepatitis ezenzakalelayo
• Lwenziwa kanjani uvivinyo lwe-anti-bushelelezi lwe-muscle antibody?
• Ziyini izingozi?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?
• Imiphumela ejwayelekile
• Imiphumela engajwayelekile

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA)?

I-anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA) test ithola amasosha omzimba ahlasela imisipha ebushelelezi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kudinga isampula yegazi.

Amasosha akho omzimba athola izinto ezibizwa ngama-antigen ezingaba yingozi emzimbeni wakho. Amagciwane nama-bacterium ambozwe ngama-antigen. Lapho amasosha akho omzimba ebona i-antigen, enza iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi yi-antibody yokuyihlasela.

Wonke ama-antibody ahlukile, futhi ngalinye livikela uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-antigen. Kwesinye isikhathi umzimba wakho wenza iphutha ngokwenza ama-autoantibodies, angama-antibody ahlasela amaseli omzimba wakho uqobo. Uma umzimba wakho uqala ukuzihlasela, ungahle ube nenkinga yokuzilimaza komzimba.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ASMA kubheka uhlobo olulodwa lwe-autoantibody oluhlasela imisipha ebushelelezi. Ama-anti-smooth muscle antibodies atholakala ezifweni zesibindi ezizimele njenge-primary biliary cholangitis kanye ne-autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

I-hepatitis ezenzakalelayo

Uma unesifo esingapheli sesibindi, kungenzeka ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-ASMA. Ukuhlolwa kungasiza ukukhomba ukuthi ngabe unayo i-AIH esebenzayo.

Ama-virus ayimbangela evame kakhulu ye-hepatitis emhlabeni wonke. I-AIH yehlukile. Lolu hlobo lwesifo sesibindi lwenzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela amangqamuzana akho wesibindi. I-AIH iyisimo esingelapheki futhi ingaholela ekuqubukeni kwesibindi, noma ekulimaleni, kwesibindi futhi ekugcineni ukwehluleka kwesibindi.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-AIH zifaka:

• isibindi esikhulisiwe, esibizwa nge-hepatomegaly
• ukuhlukaniswa kwesisu, noma ukuvuvukala
• ububele phezu kwesibindi
• umchamo omnyama
• indle enombala okhanyayo

Izimpawu ezingeziwe zifaka:

• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo, noma i-jaundice
• ukulunywa
• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• ukungakhululeki esiswini
• ukuqubuka kwesikhumba

Lwenziwa kanjani uvivinyo lwe-anti-bushelelezi lwe-muscle antibody?

Awudingi ukwenza noma yini ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-ASMA.

Ungenza isivivinyo ku:

• isibhedlela
• umtholampilo
• ilabhorethri

Ukwenza isivivinyo se-ASMA, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzothola isampula segazi kuwe.

Imvamisa, unikeza isampula yegazi ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Uchwepheshe wezempilo usonga ibhande lokunwebeka engalweni yakho ephezulu. Lokhu kumisa ukugeleza kwegazi, kwenza imithambo yakho ibonakale, futhi kwenze kube lula ukufaka inaliti.
2. Ngemuva kokuthola umthambo wakho, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uhlanza isikhumba sakho nge-antiseptic bese efaka inaliti enephubhu enamathiselwe ukuqoqa igazi. Lapho inaliti ingena, ungazizwa ucindezelwa isikhashana noma uluma. Ungase futhi ube nokungakhululeki okuncane lapho uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ebeka inaliti emthanjeni wakho.
3. Ngemuva kokuthi uchwepheshe eqoqe igazi lakho elanele, bazosusa ibhande lokunwebeka engalweni yakho. Basusa inaliti bafake i-gauze noma ucezu lukakotini endaweni yomjovo bafake ingcindezi. Bazovikela i-gauze noma ukotini ngebhandeshi.

Ngemuva kokuthi inaliti isusiwe, ungazizwa ushaywa yisiza. Abantu abaningi abazizwa lutho nhlobo. Ukungakhululeki okukhulu akuvamile.

Ziyini izingozi?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ASMA kunengozi encane. Kungase kube nenani elincane lokulimala endaweni yenaliti. Ukufaka ingcindezi endaweni yokubhoboza imizuzu embalwa ngemuva kokuthi uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo esusa inaliti kunganciphisa ukulimaza.

Abanye abantu banengozi yokuba nokopha okuqhubekayo ngemuva kokuba uchwepheshe esuse inaliti. Tshela umphathi wokuhlola uma uthatha izinciphisi zegazi noma unenkinga yokopha noma yokujiya.

Ezimweni ezingavamile ngemuva kokuthi unikeze isampula segazi, ukuvuvukala komthambo kungenzeka. Lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi i-phlebitis. Ukuze uyelaphe, sebenzisa icompress efudumele izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukudonsa igazi kungaholela ku:

• ukopha ngokweqile
• ubuhlanya noma ukuquleka
• i-hematoma, okuwukuqoqwa kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba
• ukutheleleka endaweni yenaliti

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Imiphumela ejwayelekile

Imiphumela ejwayelekile isho ukuthi awekho ama-ASMA abalulekile atholakala egazini lakho. Umphumela ungabikwa njenge-titer. Isihloko esingesihle, noma ububanzi obujwayelekile, buthathwa njengokuhlanza ngaphansi kuka-1: 20.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile

Amazinga atholakele ama-ASMA abikwa njengesihloko.

Imiphumela emihle ye-AMSA mikhulu noma ilingana nokuhlanjululwa kuka-1: 40.

Kanye nesifo sesibindi sokuzivikela komzimba, ukuhlolwa okubuya kubuye kube kuhle kuma-ASMA nakho kungabangelwa:

• ukutheleleka okungapheli kwe-hepatitis C
• mononucleosis esithathelwanayo
• eminye imidlavuza

Isivivinyo se-F-actin antibody, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwe-ASMA, singathuthukisa ikhono lokuthola isifo sokusha kwesibindi somzimba ngaphezu kwezinye izimo.

Ngoba imiphumela yokuhlolwa idinga ukutolikwa, ikakhulukazi maqondana nezinye izivivinyo okungenzeka ukuthi zenziwe, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela yakho ethile.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hepatitis ezenzakalelayo kusho ukuthi amasosha akho omzimba enza ngephutha amasosha omzimba ahlasela amaseli aphilile esibindi sakho.

Noma ngubani angaba ne-hepatitis ezenzakalelayo, kodwa kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa, ngokusho kweNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

I-autoimmune hepatitis ezenzakalelayo ingaholela ekugcineni:

• ukubhujiswa kwesibindi
• ukuqina kwesibindi
• umdlavuza wesibindi
• ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• isidingo sokufakelwa kwesibindi

Kufanele uhlale uxoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo onayo ngemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Uma kunesidingo, bazokwazi ukunquma izindlela zakho zokwelashwa ezingcono kakhulu.