Izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukukhathazeka kokukhathazeka

-Delile

• I-Benzodiazepines
• I-Buspirone
• Izidambisi
• Ama-SSRIs
• Ama-Tricyclics
• Ama-MAOIs
• Ama-beta blockers
• Amakhambi asekhaya okukhathazeka
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Zindla
• Zama i-chamomile
• Iphunga lamafutha we-aromatherapy
• Gwema i-caffeine
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho
• I-Q & A.
• Q:
• A:

Mayelana nokwelashwa

Iningi labantu lizizwa likhathazekile ngesikhathi esithile ezimpilweni zalo, futhi umuzwa uvame ukuzishiya uqobo. Isifo sokukhathazeka sihlukile. Uma utholwe ukuthi unenye, abaningi badinga usizo ekulawuleni ukukhathazeka. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuqukethe ukwelashwa kwengqondo kanye nemithi.

Ngenkathi izidakamizwa zingakwelaphi ukukhathazeka, zingakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho, ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza kahle futhi uzizwe ungcono empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Izinhlobo eziningi zemithi ziyatholakala. Ngoba wonke umuntu wehlukile, wena nodokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi nizame imishanguzo eminingana ukuthola okukufanele.

I-Benzodiazepines

I-Benzodiazepines yizidambisi ezingasiza ukukhulula imisipha yakho nokunciphisa ingqondo yakho. Zisebenza ngokwandisa imiphumela yama-neurotransmitter athile, okungamakhemikhali adlulisa imiyalezo phakathi kwamaseli akho obuchopho.

I-Benzodiazepines isiza ekwelapheni izinhlobo eziningi zokuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka, kufaka phakathi i-panic disorder, isifo sokukhathazeka esijwayelekile, nesifo sokukhathazeka komphakathi. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• i-alprazolam (Xanax)
• i-chlordiazepoxide (iLibrium)
• i-clonazepam (iKlonopin)
• i-diazepam (Valium)
• I-lorazepam (Ativan)

I-Benzodiazepines ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhashana kokukhathazeka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bangakhulisa ukozela futhi badale izinkinga ngokulinganisela nangememori. Zingabuye zenze umkhuba. Kukhona ubhadane olwandayo lokusetshenziswa kabi kwe-benzodiazepine.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa le mithi kuphela kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela enye indlela yokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unenkinga yokwethuka, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-benzodiazepines kuze kube unyaka owodwa.

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zokozela nezenkumbulo, ukuthatha i-benzodiazepines nakho kungadala ukudideka, izinkinga zokubona, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nemizwa yokudangala.

Uma uphuze i-benzodiazepine njalo isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kubalulekile ukuthi ungamisi amaphilisi ngokungazelelwe, ngoba lokhu kungadala ukuquleka kwabanye abantu. Esikhundleni salokho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokunciphisa kancane umthamo wakho ukuze unciphise ingozi yokubanjwa.

I-Buspirone

IBuspirone isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukukhathazeka kokukhathazeka kwesikhashana kanye nezinkinga ezingapheli (ezihlala isikhathi eside) zokukhathazeka. Akuqondakali ngokuphelele ukuthi i-buspirone isebenza kanjani, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kuthinta amakhemikhali ebuchosheni alawula imizwa.

IBuspirone ingathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi isebenze ngokuphelele. Itholakala njengomuthi ojwayelekile kanye nomuthi wegama lomkhiqizo iBuspar.

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Imiphumela engemihle ingafaka isiyezi, ikhanda, isicanucanu, futhi abanye abantu babika amaphupho angajwayelekile noma ubunzima bokulala lapho bethatha i-buspirone.

Izidambisi

Imithi elwa nokudangala isebenza ngokuthinta ama-neurotransmitters. Le mithi ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zokukhathazeka, kepha imvamisa kuthatha amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ukukhiqiza imiphumela ebonakalayo.

Izinhlobo ze-anti-depressants zifaka:

Ama-SSRIs

Ama-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) akhethiwe asebenza ngokwanda kwamazinga e-serotonin, i-neurotransmitter ethinta imizwa, isifiso sobulili, isifiso sokudla, ukulala nokukhumbula.Ama-SSRI ngokuvamile aqala ngomthamo ophansi odokotela wakho akhula kancane kancane.

Izibonelo zama-SSRI asetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukukhathazeka afaka:

• i-escitalopram (Lexapro)
• i-fluoxetine (Prozac)
• i-paroxetine (Paxil)
• i-sertraline (Zoloft)

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Ama-SSRI angadala imiphumela emibi eyahlukahlukene, kepha abantu abaningi bayakubekezelela kahle. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka:

• isicanucanu
• umlomo owomile
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• isifo sohudo
• isiyezi
• ukozela
• ukungasebenzi ngokocansi

Uma unokukhathazeka ngomphumela othile wecala, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Ama-Tricyclics

Ama-Tricyclics asebenza kanye nama-SSRI enzelwa ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokukhathazeka, ngaphandle kwesifo sokucindezela ngokweqile (OCD). Kucatshangwa ukuthi ama-tricyclics asebenza ngokufanayo nama-SSRI. Njengama-SSRI, ama-tricyclics aqala ngomthamo ophansi bese enyuka kancane kancane.

Izibonelo zama-tricyclics asetshenziselwa ukukhathazeka afaka:

• i-clomipramine (Anafranil)
• imipramine (Tofranil)

Ama-tricyclic yizidakamizwa ezindala ezisetshenziswa kaningi ngoba izidakamizwa ezintsha zidala imiphumela emibi embalwa.

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Imiphumela emibi ye-tricyclics ingafaka isiyezi, ukozela, ukungabi namandla, nomlomo owomile. Zingahlanganisa futhi isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa, ukungaboni kahle, nokuzuza kwesisindo. Imiphumela emibi ngokuvamile ingalawulwa ngokushintsha umthamo noma ngokushintshela kwenye i-tricyclic.

Ama-MAOIs

I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (i-MAOIs) isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-panic disorder kanye ne-phobia yomphakathi. Zisebenza ngokwandisa inani lama-neurotransmitters alawula imizwa.

Ama-MAOIs agunyazwe yi-FDA ukwelapha ukucindezeleka kepha asetshenziswa ngaphandle kwelebula lokukhathazeka afaka:

• isocarboxazid (Marplan)
• i-phenelzine (Nardil)
• i-selegiline (Emsam)
• i-tranylcypromine (iParnate)

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Njengama-tricyclics, ama-MAOIs yizidakamizwa ezindala ezidala imiphumela emibi kunemithi emisha. Ama-MAOI nawo eza nemikhawulo ethile. Isibonelo, uma uthatha i-MAOI, awukwazi ukudla ukudla okuthile, okufana noshizi newayini elibomvu.

Imithi ethile, kufaka phakathi ama-SSRI, amanye amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, ukudambisa izinhlungu, njenge-acetaminophen ne-ibuprofen, imithi ebandayo neyokungezwani komzimba, kanye nezithasiselo zamakhambi zingaphendula ngama-MAOIs.

Ukusebenzisa i-MAOI ngalokhu kudla noma imishanguzo kungakhuphula umfutho wegazi lakho futhi kubangele neminye imiphumela emibi engabeka impilo yakho engcupheni.

Ama-beta blockers

Ama-beta blocker asetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izimo zenhliziyo. Zisetshenziswa futhi ngaphandle kwelebula ukusiza ukukhulula izimpawu zomzimba zokukhathazeka, ikakhulukazi ekuphazamisweni kokukhathazeka komphakathi.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza i-beta-blocker efana nepropranolol (Inderal) ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho zokukhathazeka ezimeni ezicindezelayo, njengokuya ephathini noma ukunikeza inkulumo.

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Ama-beta blocker awavame ukudala imiphumela emibi kuwo wonke umuntu owathathayo.

Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona ingafaka:

• ukukhathala
• isiyezi
• ukozela
• umlomo owomile

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingafaka:

• inkathazo yokulala
• isicanucanu
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Amakhambi asekhaya okukhathazeka

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokungenelela ekhaya ezingakusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho zokukhathazeka. Ukungenelela okuningana kungenziwa futhi ngaphezu kokuthatha imithi.

Izibonelo zalokhu kungenelela zifaka:

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka futhi kuthuthukise umqondo wakho wenhlalakahle, ngokusho kwe-Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA).

Kuyasiza ukukhiqiza ama-neurotransmitters aziwa ngokuthi ama-endorphins. Lawa ma-neurotransmitters ayizinhlungu zemvelo zomzimba wakho futhi angaphinde athuthukise ikhwalithi yakho yokulala.

I-ADAA ibika ukuthi noma izikhathi zokuzivocavoca ezimfushane (cishe imizuzu eyi-10 ngasikhathi) ziyasebenza ekusizeni ukuphakamisa imizwa yakho.

Zindla

Ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-15 yesikhathi sokuthula nokuzindla ukugxila ekuphefumuleni okujulile nokuphumula kungasiza ukwehlisa ukukhathazeka kwakho. Ungalalela umculo noma uphinda imantra ekhuthazayo njalo. I-Yoga nayo ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka.

Zama i-chamomile

Ukuhambisa itiye le-chamomile noma ukuthatha isengezo se-chamomile kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokukhathazeka.

Ucwaningo oluyimpumputhe lwango-2016 olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini lePhytomedicine lwalugxile kubantu abanenkinga yokukhathazeka ejwayelekile.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ababambiqhaza bocwaningo abathathe izithako zokwengeza ezingama-500-milligram chamomile kathathu ngosuku nsuku zonke babike ukwehla kokukhathazeka okulingene kuya kokubi kakhulu.

Ukuphuza itiye le-chamomile nakho kukhonjisiwe ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka.

Iphunga lamafutha we-aromatherapy

Amafutha we-aromatherapy ahlanjululwe angasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka, ngokusho kwendatshana ekhishwe ephephabhukwini le-Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Izibonelo zamafutha abalulekile asetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ukukhathazeka kufaka phakathi:

• i-lavender
• i-neroli
• chamomile

Gwema i-caffeine

Kwesinye isikhathi i-caffeine ingenza umuntu azizwe ejittery futhi ekhathazeke kakhulu. Ukukugwema kungasiza abanye abantu ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwabo.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho

Udokotela wakho angakusiza uthole indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kwesifo sakho sokukhathazeka. Ukwelashwa okufanele kungabandakanya ukwelashwa kwengqondo kanye nemithi.

Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalo yabo lapho uthatha imishanguzo yokukhathazeka futhi ubazise ngeminye imiphumela emibi onayo. Futhi, buza noma imiphi imibuzo onayo ngesimo sakho noma ukwelashwa kwakho, njenge:

• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingaba nayo kulo muthi?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuqala ukusebenza?
• Ngabe lo muthi usebenzisana nezinye izidakamizwa engiziphuzayo?
• Ungangidlulisela kudokotela wezifo zengqondo?
• Ngabe ukuzivocavoca kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zami zokukhathazeka?

Uma uzwa ukuthi umuthi awukuniki imiphumela oyifunayo noma ubangela imiphumela emibi engafuneki, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka ukuwuthatha.

I-Q & A.

Q:

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kungasiza kanjani ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kwami?

A:

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT) kuyindlela yokwelashwa kwengqondo okusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka. I-CBT ikusiza ukuthi ushintshe izindlela zakho zokucabanga kanye nokuphendula kwakho ezimweni ezibangela ukukhathazeka. Imvamisa ukwelashwa kwesikhashana okubandakanya ukuvakashelwa okungu-10 kuye ku-20 nomelaphi emasontweni ambalwa.

Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha, ufunda ukuqonda umbono wakho ngempilo futhi ulawule nemicabango yakho. Uzofunda ukugwema ukucabanga ukuthi izinkinga ezincane zizoba yizinkinga ezinkulu, ukubona nokushintsha imicabango edala ukukhathazeka nokwethuka, nokulawula ukucindezeleka nokuphumula lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya nokungahlehlisi. Le nqubo ingakwenza ungazweli kakhulu ezintweni ozesabayo. Isibonelo, uma ukhathazeka ngamagciwane, umelaphi wakho angakukhuthaza ukuthi ungcolise izandla zakho futhi ungazigezi khona manjalo. Kancane kancane, njengoba uqala ukubona ukuthi akukho okubi okwenzekayo, uzokwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokugeza izandla ngokukhathazeka okunciphile.