Isifundo Sithola Inkinga Enkulu Ngezivivinyo Zasekhaya Zofuzo

-Delile

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Ukuhlolwa kofuzo okuqonde ngqo kubathengi (DTC) kunesikhashana. 23andMe ngisanda kuthola imvume ye-FDA yokuhlola ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA, okusho ukuthi ngokokuqala ngqa, umphakathi jikelele ungazihlolela ezinye zezinguquko ezaziwayo ezandisa ubungozi bomdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, kanye nomdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Into ukuthi, ochwepheshe bezofuzo baye baxwayisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zasekhaya zinemikhawulo futhi kungenzeka zingabi nenembe ngendlela ezibonakala ngayo. (I-BTW, i-23andMe ingenye yezinkampani eziningana ezihlinzeka ngokuhlolelwa izakhi zofuzo zomdlavuza webele ekhaya-yize kuyiyona kuphela engadingi incwadi kadokotela.)

Manje, ucwaningo olusha lukhanyisa ngqo Kanjani ukuhlolwa okungahambisani nasekhaya kungaba. Ucwaningo olusha kujenali Izakhi zofuzo kwezokwelapha wabheka amasampula eziguli ezingama-49 ezazithunyelwe ebhodini elihola phambili lezofuzo, i-Ambry Genetics, ukuthi lihlolwe kabili ngemuva kokwenziwa kohlolo lwasekhaya. Lo mkhuba, obizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisa," uvame ukunconywa ngabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho othile ethola imiphumela yakhe ekuhlolweni kwezofuzo ekhaya. Imvamisa, ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa kuyacelwa ngudokotela wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo ngemuva kokuthi isiguli sicele usizo lokuhumusha umbiko wazo wedatha eluhlaza.

Le datha "eluhlaza" ngokuvamile idinga ukutolikwa ilebhu yezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze iqinisekiswe futhi iqondwe kahle-isinyathelo abantu abaningi abaseqayo. Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi baqoqe izicelo eziningi zokuhlola eziqinisekisayo njengoba bengathola futhi baqhathanise ukuhlaziya kwabo kwe-DNA yeziguli nalokho okwabikwa yimiphumela yokuhlolwa kwasekhaya. Kuvele ukuthi amaphesenti angu-40 ezinhlobonhlobo (okungukuthi, izakhi zofuzo ezithile) ezibikwe kudatha evela ekuhlolweni kwasekhaya kwakungamanga.

Empeleni, lokho kusho ukuthi izakhi zofuzo ziyahlukahluka ezivivinyweni zasekhaya ezikhonjwe kudatha eluhlaza-zombili ezinobungozi obuphansi nezinobungozi obukhulu-aziqinisekiswanga ilebhu yomtholampilo yezofuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zofuzo ezikhonjwe njengezakhi zofuzo "ezandisa ubungozi" ngokuhlolwa kwasekhaya zahlukaniswa njenge "benign" ngelebhu yomtholampilo. Lokho kusho ukuthi abanye babantu abathole imiphumela "emihle" kusuka ezivivinyweni zabo * babengekho * empeleni baba sengozini eyengeziwe. (Okuhlobene: Ingabe Ukuhlolwa Kwezempilo Zasekhaya Kuyakusiza Noma Kukulimaze?)

Abeluleki bofuzo abamangazi."Ngiyajabula ukuthi lezi zinombolo zikhombisa amazinga aphezulu okufundwa okunganembile ukuze abathengi abaningi bazokwazi ubuthakathaka obukhona ekuhloleni izakhi zofuzo ze-DTC," kusho uTinamarie Bauman, umhlengikazi osezingeni eliphakeme oqinisekisiwe webhodi kanye nomsizi womqondisi we-high- Uhlelo lobungozi ku-AMITA Health Cancer Institute.

Isixazululo: Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokubona umeluleki wofuzo. "Abeluleki bezofuzo benza okungaphezu nje kokuhlola ubungozi; bakusiza ukuthi uqonde kabanzi ngomphumela omuhle noma omubi," kusho u-Bauman. "Noma ngubani owenza isivivinyo se-DTC bese ethola imiphumela eluhlaza angasho shazi ukuthi kuningi okuzobuyekezwa futhi kutolikwe."

Uma ngabe unengozi eyengeziwe yesifo sofuzo, umeluleki wezofuzo angakusiza ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo sokunciphisa ubungozi bakho, ukusithola kusenesikhathi, noma ukunikeze ukwelashwa okunolwazi nokwengeziwe uma kunesidingo.

Futhi noma iseluleko sikaBauman kubathengi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-DTC sasifana ngaphambi kokuphuma kwalolu cwaningo, manje selizizwa luphuthuma kakhulu-ikakhulukazi kulabo abangase babe nomdlavuza wofuzo. "Ngisebenza kwi-oncology, futhi ngikhathazeke kakhulu ngokuhlolelwa ekhaya izakhi zofuzo zomdlavuza," esho. "Kunethuba elihle lokuthi kube khona okungashintsha impilo futhi kube namanga."

Ngakho-ke uma usuvele uyitholile imiphumela yokuhlolwa kofuzo lwasekhaya, ukuthola ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa kubalulekile, usho kanje. "Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa zonke izinhlobo zedatha eluhlaza ye-DTC elabhorethri yomtholampilo enolwazi," kuphawula u-Bauman. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda izinzuzo nemikhawulo yokuhlolwa, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yemiphumela. Uzokwenzenjani uma imiphumela ibuya ithi unayo? Kuzosho ukuthini uma inegethivu? "Imvume enolwazi yingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo," kusho uBauman. "Ukubonisana kungaqeda ukudideka."

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