Aspergillus fumigatus

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Ubani osengozini?
• Izifo ezibangelwa A. fumigatus
• I-allergen bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
• I-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu
• I-aspergillosis ehlaselayo
• Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-A. fumigatus
• Ukuvimbela ukugula
• Gwema imisebenzi enamathuba amaningi okuthi ikuthinte Aspergillus izinhlobo.
• Thatha imithi ye-antifungal ye-prophylactic
• Ukuhlola i- Aspergillus izinhlobo
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

Aspergillus fumigatus uhlobo lwefungus. Ingatholakala kuyo yonke imvelo, kufaka phakathi inhlabathi, izinto zezitshalo, nothuli lwasekhaya. Isikhunta singakhiqiza nezinhlamvu ezisemoyeni ezibizwa ngokuthi i-conidia.

Iningi labantu lingahogela eziningi zalezi zinhlamvu nsuku zonke. Kumuntu ophilile, amasosha omzimba avame ukuwasusa emzimbeni ngaphandle kwenkinga. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, ukuhogela A. fumigatus, izinhlamvu zingaholela ekuthelelekeni okungenzeka kube nzima.

Ubani osengozini?

Usengozini enkulu yokugula kusuka A. fumigatus uma u:

• unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, angabandakanya uma uthatha imishanguzo yokuzivikela, unomdlavuza othile wegazi, noma usezigabeni zakamuva ze-AIDS
• unesimo samaphaphu, esifana nesifuba somoya noma i-cystic fibrosis
• unenani eliphansi lamaseli amhlophe egazi, elingenzeka uma uthola i-chemotherapy, uma une-leukemia, noma ngabe ufakelwe isitho somzimba
• bebelokhu belashwa isikhathi eside i-corticosteroid
• bayalulama ekuthelelekeni komkhuhlane muva nje

Izifo ezibangelwa A. fumigatus

Ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi Aspergillus Izinhlobo zefungus ibizwa nge-aspergillosis.

A. fumigatus kungenye yezimbangela ze-aspergillosis. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokho okunye Aspergillus izinhlobo nazo zingathelela abantu. Lezi zinhlobo zingafaka A. flavus, A. niger, futhi A. terreus.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-aspergillosis, kufaka phakathi:

I-allergen bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Lesi simo siyisenzo sokungezwani komzimba ne- Aspergillus izinhlamvu. Lokhu kusabela kungaholela ekulimaleni ezindleleni zakho zomoya nasemaphashini. Kuvame ukutholakala kubantu abanezimo ezifana ne-asthma ne-cystic fibrosis.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• imfiva
• ubuthakathaka
• imizwa ejwayelekile yokugula noma ukungaphatheki kahle
• ukukhwehlela ama-plugs ansundu amafinyila noma amafinyila aqukethe igazi

Abantu abane-asthma bangabona nokuthi izimpawu zabo ze-asthma ziqala ukwanda. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukwanda kokuphefumula okuncane noma ukuphefumula.

I-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu

I-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu ikhula ngokuqhubekayo. Kungenzeka kubantu abanezimo ezingalapheki zamaphaphu ezibangela izikhala zomoya ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-cavities ukuthi zenze iphaphu. Izibonelo zezimo ezinjalo zibandakanya isifo sofuba ne-emphysema.

I-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu ingabonakala ngezindlela eziningana, ezingafaka:

• amabala amancane we Aspergillus ukutheleleka emaphashini, okuthiwa amaqhuqhuva
• amabhola ahlanganisiwe wesikhunta ngaphakathi komgudu wamaphaphu, abizwa ngokuthi ama-aspergillomas (lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kungadala izingqinamba ezifana nokopha emaphashini)
• ukutheleleka okusakazeke kakhulu kwezimbotshana zamaphaphu, okungenzeka noma kungabi nama-aspergillomas

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, ukutheleleka okusabalele kungaholela ekuqineni nasekuqhekekeni kwezicubu zamaphaphu, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni komsebenzi wamaphaphu.

Abantu abane-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu bangaba nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• imfiva
• ukukhwehlela, okungafaka ukukhwehlela igazi
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• imizwa yokukhathala
• imizwa ejwayelekile yokugula noma ukungaphatheki kahle
• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• ukujuluka ebusuku

I-aspergillosis ehlaselayo

I-aspergillosis ehlaselayo iyindlela ebucayi kakhulu ye-aspergillosis futhi ingaba yingozi uma ingalashwa. Kwenzeka lapho ukutheleleka kwe-aspergillosis kuqala emaphashini futhi kusakazeke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njengesikhumba sakho, ubuchopho noma izinso. I-aspergillosis ehlaselayo yenzeka kuphela kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka kakhulu.

Izimpawu ze-aspergillosis engahlaseli zingafaka:

• imfiva
• ukukhwehlela, okungabandakanya ukukhwehlela igazi
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ubuhlungu besifuba, obungaba bubi kakhulu lapho uphefumula kanzima

Lapho ukutheleleka kusakazeka ngaphandle kwamaphaphu, izimpawu zingancika ekutheni iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba ethintekile, kepha ingafaka:

• ikhanda
• amehlo avuvukile
• ekhaleni
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• izilonda esikhumbeni
• ubunzima ngenkulumo
• ukudideka
• isithuthwane

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-A. fumigatus

An A. fumigatus ukutheleleka kungaba nzima ukukuthola ngoba izimpawu zivame ukufana nezinye izimo zamaphaphu njengesifo sofuba.

Ngokwengeziwe, ukuhlolwa okuncane kakhulu kwesikhwehlela noma amasampula wezicubu kungenakuphetha ngoba Aspergillus izinhlobo zingabonakala zifana kakhulu nezinye izinhlobo zezikhunta lapho zibhekwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.

Izindlela zokuxilonga ze- Aspergillus kungafaka:

• isiko lesampula lesikhwehlela elizotholwa Aspergillus ukukhula
• iX-ray yesifuba yokubheka izimpawu zokutheleleka, njenge-aspergillomas
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola ukuthi ama-antibody to Aspergillus akhona egazini lakho
• polymerase chain reaction (PCR), okuyindlela yamangqamuzana engasetshenziswa ukuthola Aspergillus izinhlobo ezivela kwisikhwehlela noma isampula lezicubu
• ukuhlolwa ukuthola ingxenye yodonga lwamafungal cell lwe Aspergillus nezinye izinhlobo zefungal (i-galactomannan antigen test kanye ne-beta-d-glucan assay)
• ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukungezwani komzimba ne- Aspergillus izinhlamvu

I-allergen bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ingelashwa nge-corticosteroids yomlomo. Kwesinye isikhathi uzothatha ama-corticosteroids ngokuhambisana nemithi yokulwa ne-antifungal efana ne-itraconazole.

I-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu equkethe amaqhuqhuva noma ama-aspergillomas angadingi ukwelashwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ungenazo izimpawu. Amaqhuqhuva kufanele abhekwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awaqhubeki yini.

Imithi yokubulala amagciwane isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amacala abucayi kakhulu we-aspergillosis engapheli yamaphaphu, kanye ne-aspergillosis engahlaseli. Izibonelo zemithi engasebenza yi-voriconazole, itraconazole, ne-amphotericin B.

Muva nje, abacwaningi baqaphele ukumelana ne- A. fumigatus emithini ye-azole antifungal. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezifana ne-voriconazole ne-intraconazole. Ezimweni lapho ukutheleleka kungazweli kuma-antifungal e-azole, amanye ama-antifungal anjenge-amphotericin B azodinga ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa.

Ukuhlanganiswa noma ukususwa kokuhlinzwa nakho kuyindlela uma ama-aspergillomas edala izinkinga ezifana nokopha emaphashini.

Ukuvimbela ukugula

A. fumigatus nokunye Aspergillus izinhlobo zikhona kuyo yonke imvelo. Ngalesi sizathu, kungaba nzima ukuvimbela ukuvezwa. Kodwa-ke, uma useqenjini elisengozini, kunezinyathelo ezithile ongazithatha ukwenza ukutheleleka kungabi namathuba.

Gwema imisebenzi enamathuba amaningi okuthi ikuthinte Aspergillus izinhlobo.

Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ingadi, umsebenzi wegceke, noma ukuvakashela izindawo zokwakha. Uma kufanele ube kulezi zindawo, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka amabhulukwe nemikhono emide. Gqoka amagilavu ​​uma uzophatha inhlabathi noma umquba. Umshini wokuphefumula ongu-N95 ungasiza uma uzovezwa ezindaweni ezinothuli kakhulu.

Thatha imithi ye-antifungal ye-prophylactic

Uma usanda kuthola inqubo efana nokufakelwa komzimba, udokotela wakho angakunika imishanguzo yokuvikela ukutheleleka.

Ukuhlola i- Aspergillus izinhlobo

Uma useqenjini elisengozini, ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile Aspergillus kungasiza ukuthola ukutheleleka kusaqala. Uma kutholakala ukutheleleka, wena nodokotela wakho ningasebenzisana ukwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa.

Ukuthatha

Aspergillus fumigatus kungadala ukugula okungaba kubi kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka noma izimo zamaphaphu. Ukutheleleka okubangelwa A. fumigatus nokunye Aspergillus izinhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi i-aspergillosis.

Umbono we-aspergillosis uncike ezintweni eziningana, kufaka phakathi:

• uhlobo lokutheleleka
• indawo yokutheleleka
• isimo sakho sokuzivikela komzimba

Ukutholwa nokwelashwa kwe-aspergillosis ngokushesha kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni umbono.

Uma useqenjini elisengozini yokuthuthukisa i-aspergillosis, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangakutshela izindlela ongazivikela ngazo ekutheleleni.