I-Atelectasis

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Izimbangela ze-atelectasis evimbelayo
• Izimbangela ze-nonelestasis atelectasis
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural
• Pneumothorax
• Isibazi samaphaphu
• Isigaxa sesifuba
• Ukushoda okungajwayelekile
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Ilashwa kanjani?
• Ukwelashwa okungasetshenziswanga
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa
• Uyini umbono?

Yini i-atelectasis?

Izindlela zakho zomoya zinamashubhu egatsha asebenza kuwo wonke amaphaphu akho. Uma uphefumula, umoya usuka emgwaqweni omkhulu womoya osemphinjeni wakho, kwesinye isikhathi obizwa ngokuthi yi-windpipe yakho, uye emaphashini akho. Izindlela zomoya ziqhubeka nokuhlanganisa futhi ziba zincane ngokuqhubekayo zize ziphele emasakeni amancane abizwa nge-alveoli.

I-alveoli yakho isiza ukushintshanisa i-oksijini esemoyeni nge-carbon dioxide, umkhiqizo odoti ovela ezicutshini nasemalungeni akho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-alveoli yakho kufanele igcwalise umoya.

Lapho amanye ama-alveoli akho ungenzi gcwalisa umoya, ubizwa nge- "atelectasis."

Ngokuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela, i-atelectasis ingabandakanya izingxenye ezincane noma ezinkulu zamaphaphu akho.

I-Atelectasis yehlukile kumaphaphu awile (abizwa nangokuthi i-pneumothorax). Iphaphu eliwayo lenzeka lapho umoya ubhajwa esikhaleni esiphakathi kwengaphandle lephaphu lakho nodonga lwesifuba sangaphakathi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi iphaphu lakho linciphe noma, ekugcineni, liwe.

Ngenkathi lezi zimo zombili zihlukile, i-pneumothorax ingaholela ku-atelectasis ngoba i-alveoli yakho izokwehla njengoba amaphaphu akho eba mancane.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi nge-atelectasis, kufaka phakathi izimbangela zayo zokuvimbela nezingavimbeli.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-atelectasis zisuka kokungabi bikho ziye kokubi kakhulu, kuya ngokuthi lithinteke kangakanani iphaphu lakho nokuthi likhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma ngabe kuhileleke ama-alveoli ambalwa noma kwenzeka kancane, ungahle ungabi nazimpawu.

Lapho i-atelectasis ifaka i-alveoli eningi noma iza ngokushesha, kunzima ukuthola i-oxygen eyanele egazini lakho. Ukuba ne-oxygen ephansi yegazi kungaholela ku:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ubuhlungu besifuba obukhali, ikakhulukazi lapho uthatha umoya ojulile noma ukhwehlela
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo
• isikhumba esinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izindebe, izinzipho, noma izinzwani

Kwesinye isikhathi, inyumoniya ikhula engxenyeni ethintekile yamaphaphu akho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungaba nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zenyumoniya, njengokukhwehlela okukhiqizayo, umkhuhlane, nobuhlungu besifuba.

Kubangelwa yini?

Izinto eziningi zingadala i-atelectasis. Ngokuya ngesizathu, i-atelectasis ihlukaniswe njengokuphazamisa noma okungavimbeli.

Izimbangela ze-atelectasis evimbelayo

I-atelectasis evimbelayo yenzeka lapho ukuvimba kuvela kwenye yezindlela zakho zomoya. Lokhu kuvimbela umoya ukuthi ungafiki ku-alveoli yakho, ngakho-ke ziyawa.

Izinto ezingavimba indlela yakho yokuhamba zihlanganisa:

• ukuhogela into yangaphandle, njengethoyizi elincane noma izingcezu ezincane zokudla, emoyeni
• i-mucus plug (i-buildup of mucus) emoyeni
• isimila sikhula ngaphakathi kwendlela yomoya
• isimila ezicutshini zamaphaphu ezicindezela emoyeni

Izimbangela ze-nonelestasis atelectasis

I-nonelestasis atelectasis ibhekisa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-atelectasis olungabangelwa uhlobo oluthile lokuvinjelwa ezindleleni zakho zomoya.

Izimbangela ezivamile ze-atelectasis engasebenziyo zifaka:

Ukuhlinzwa

I-Atelectasis kungenzeka ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kwanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Lezi zinqubo zivame ukubandakanya ukusebenzisa i-anesthesia nomshini wokuphefumula olandelwa yimithi yezinhlungu nezidakamizwa. Ngokubambisana, lokhu kungenza ukuphefumula kwakho kungashoni. Futhi zingakwenza ungabi namathuba amancane okukhwehlela, noma ngabe udinga ukuthola okuthile emaphashini akho.

Kwesinye isikhathi, ukungaphefumuli ngokujulile noma ukukhwehlela kungadala ukuthi amanye ama-alveoli akho awe. Uma unenqubo ezayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokunciphisa ubungozi be-atelectasis ye-posturgical. Umshini ophathwa ngesandla owaziwa ngokuthi i-incentive spirometer ungasetshenziswa esibhedlela nasekhaya ukukhuthaza ukuphefumula okujulile.

Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural

Lokhu kunqwabelana koketshezi esikhaleni esiphakathi kolwelwesi lwangaphandle lwamaphaphu akho nolwelwesi lodonga lwakho lwangaphakathi lwesifuba. Imvamisa, lezi zinhlaka ezimbili zisondelene kakhulu, okusiza ukugcina amaphaphu akho enwetshiwe. Ukuchithwa kwesibalo kubangela ukuthi ama-linings ahlukane futhi alahlekelwe ukuxhumana. Lokhu kuvumela izicubu ezinwebeka emaphashini akho ukuthi zingene ngaphakathi, zishayele umoya ngaphandle kwe-alveoli yakho.

Pneumothorax

Lokhu kufana kakhulu ne-pleural effusion kepha kuhilela ukwakheka komoya, kunokuba kube uketshezi, phakathi kokuhlangana kwephaphu nesifuba sakho. Njengase-pleural effusion, lokhu kubangela ukuthi izicubu zakho zamaphaphu zidonsele ngaphakathi, zicindezela umoya ophuma kwi-alveoli yakho.

Isibazi samaphaphu

Isibazi samaphaphu sibizwa nangokuthi i-pulmonary fibrosis. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kwesikhathi eside, njengesifo sofuba. Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside ezintweni ezicasulayo, kufaka phakathi intuthu kagwayi, nakho kungakubangela. Lesi sibazi sihlala unomphela futhi senza kube nzima ukuthi i-alveoli yakho ikhuphuke.

Isigaxa sesifuba

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lobunzima noma ukukhula okuseduze namaphaphu akho kungabeka ingcindezi ephashini lakho. Lokhu kungaphoqa omunye umoya ukuthi uphume ku-alveoli yakho, ubenze baphume.

Ukushoda okungajwayelekile

I-Alveoli iqukethe into ebizwa nge-surfactant ebasiza ukuthi bahlale bevulekile. Lapho kuncane kakhulu, i-alveoli iyawa. Ukushoda okungajwayelekile kuvame ukwenzeka ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Ukuthola i-atelectasis, udokotela wakho uqala ngokubuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Babheka noma yiziphi izimo zamaphaphu zangaphambilini oke waba nazo noma ukuhlinzwa kwamuva.

Okulandelayo, bazama ukuthola umbono ongcono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Ukuze benze lokhu, banga:

• hlola izinga lakho le-oxygen oxygennge-oximeter, ithuluzi elincane elilingana ekugcineni komunwe wakho
• khipha igazi emthanjeni, imvamisa esihlakaleni, bese uhlola umoya-mpilo wayo, amazinga e-carbon dioxide, kanye namakhemikhali egazi ngokuhlolwa kwegesi
• oda a X-ray esifubeni
• oda a Iskena se-CT ukuhlola ukutheleleka noma ukuvinjelwa, okufana nesimila emaphashini akho noma emoyeni
• yenza i- bronchoscopy, okubandakanya ukufaka ikhamera, etholakala ekugcineni kweshubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo, ngamakhala akho noma emlonyeni nasemaphashini akho

Ilashwa kanjani?

Ukwelapha i-atelectasis kuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela nokuthi zimbi kangakanani izimpawu zakho.

Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma uzizwa sengathi awutholi umoya owanele, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungadinga usizo lomshini wokuphefumula kuze kube yilapho amaphaphu akho esalulama futhi imbangela yelashwa.

Ukwelashwa okungasetshenziswanga

Izimo eziningi ze-atelectasis azidingi ukuhlinzwa. Ngokuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela, udokotela wakho angase asikisele eyodwa noma inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela zokwelapha:

• I-physiotherapy yesifuba. Lokhu kufaka ukuhambisa umzimba wakho ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene nokusebenzisa ukunyakaza, ukudlidliza, noma ukugqoka ivesti yokudlidlizela ukusiza ukukhulula nokudonsa amafinyila. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa i-atelectasis yokuvimbela noma ye-posturgical. Le ndlela yokwelapha isetshenziswa kakhulu kubantu abane-cystic fibrosis.
• I-Bronchoscopy. Udokotela wakho angafaka ishubhu elincane ngamakhala akho noma emlonyeni emaphashini akho ukuze asuse into engaziwa noma asuse ipulagi le-mucus. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa futhi ukususa isampula lezicubu kusisindo ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela inkinga.
• Ukuzivocavoca umoya. Ukuzivocavoca noma amadivayisi, njenge-incentive spirometer, okuphoqa ukuthi uphefumulele ngaphakathi futhi usize ukuvula i-alveoli yakho. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi kwi-posturgical atelectasis.
• Amapayipi amanzi. Uma i-atelectasis yakho ingenxa ye-pneumothorax noma i-pleural effusion, udokotela wakho angadinga ukukhipha umoya noma uketshezi esifubeni sakho. Ukususa uketshezi, cishe bazofaka inaliti emhlane wakho, phakathi kwezimbambo zakho, nasesikhwameni soketshezi. Ukuze bakhiphe umoya, kungadingeka ukuthi bafake ishubhu lepulasitiki, elibizwa ngokuthi ishubhu lesifuba, ukuze kususwe umoya owengeziwe noma uketshezi. Ishubhu sesifuba singadinga ukushiywa izinsuku ezimbalwa ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ususwe indawo encane noma i-lobe yamaphaphu akho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuzama zonke ezinye izinketho noma ezimweni ezibandakanya amaphaphu anesibazi unomphela.

Uyini umbono?

I-atelectasis emnene ayivamisi ukusongela impilo futhi imane ihambe ngokushesha uma imbangela sekulungisiwe.

I-Atelectasis ethinta kakhulu amaphaphu akho noma eyenzeka ngokushesha cishe njalo ibangelwa yisimo esisongela impilo, njengokuvalwa kwendlela enkulu yomoya noma lapho inani elikhulu noma uketshezi noma umoya ucindezela iphaphu elilodwa noma womabili.