I-Autophagy: Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Ziyini izinzuzo zokuzenzakalela?
• Izinguquko zokudla ezingakhuphula i-autophagy
• Okubalulekile

Kuyini i-autophagy?

I-Autophagy yindlela yomzimba yokuhlanza amaseli alimele, ukuze kuvuselelwe amangqamuzana amasha, anempilo, ngokusho kuka-Priya Khorana, PhD, emfundweni yokudla okunomsoco e-Columbia University.

"Ukuzenzakalela" kusho ukuzimela futhi "ukupha" kusho ukudla. Ngakho-ke incazelo yangempela yokuzivocavoca “ukuzidla.”

Kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuzidla wena." Yize lokho kungazwakala njengokuthile ongafuni neze ukwenzeka emzimbeni wakho, empeleni kuyazuzisa empilweni yakho yonke.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-autophagy iyindlela yokuzikhusela yokuziphendukela kwemvelo lapho umzimba ungasusa amangqamuzana angasebenzi kahle uphinde uvuselele izingxenye zawo ziye kulungiswa nasekuhlanzweni kwamaselula, ngokusho kukadokotela wenhliziyo oqinisekiswe yibhodi, uDkt Luiza Petre.

UPetre uchaza ukuthi inhloso yokuzivocavoca nge-autophagy ukususa imfucumfucu nokuzilawula ngokwakho ukuze usebenze kahle.

“Isebenza kabusha futhi ihlanzwa ngasikhathi sinye, njengokushaya inkinobho yokusetha kabusha emzimbeni wakho. Futhi, ithuthukisa ukusinda nokuzivumelanisa nezimo njengempendulo ezicindezelayo ezahlukahlukene kanye nobuthi obuthole kumaseli ethu, ”uyanezela.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokuzenzakalela?

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuzenzakalela komzimba zibonakala ziza ngendlela yemigomo yokulwa nokuguga. Eqinisweni, uPetre uthi waziwa kakhulu njengendlela yomzimba yokubuyisa iwashi emuva nokwakha amangqamuzana amancane.

UKhorana uveza ukuthi lapho amaseli ethu ecindezelekile, i-autophagy iyanda ukuze kusivikele, okusiza ukukhulisa isikhathi sakho sempilo.

Ngokwengeziwe, udokotela obhalisiwe wezokudla, uScott Keatley, i-RD, i-CDN, uthi ngezikhathi zendlala, i-autophagy igcina umzimba uhamba ngokudiliza izinto zeselula bese uyisebenzisa futhi ngezinqubo ezidingekayo.

"Impela lokhu kudinga amandla futhi ngeke kuqhubeke unomphela, kepha kusinikeza isikhathi esithe xaxa sokuthola ukondleka," uyanezela.

Ezingeni lamaselula, uPetre uthi izinzuzo zokuzenzakalela zihlanganisa:

• ukususa amaprotheni anobuthi kumaseli abangelwa yizifo ezingenayo i-neurodegenerative, njenge-Parkinson's ne-Alzheimer's
• ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwamaprotheni asalile
• ukuhlinzeka ngamandla nangamabhuloki wokwakha amaseli asengasizakala ngokulungiswa
• ngezinga elikhudlwana, kukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa namaseli anempilo

I-Autophagy ithola ukunakwa okuningi ngendima engayidlala ekuvimbeleni noma ekwelapheni umdlavuza, futhi.

"I-Autophagy iyancipha njengoba sikhula, ngakho-ke lokhu kusho ukuthi amaseli angasasebenzi noma angenza ingozi avunyelwe ukwanda, okuyi-MO yamangqamuzana omdlavuza," kuchaza uKeatley.

Ngenkathi wonke umdlavuza uqala kolunye uhlobo lwamangqamuzana angasebenzi kahle, uPetre uthi umzimba kufanele uwabone futhi uwasuse lawo maseli, imvamisa usebenzisa izinqubo zokuzimela. Yingakho abanye abacwaningi bebheka ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi ukuzitholela izitho zomzimba kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza.

Yize bungekho ubufakazi besayensi bokusekela lokhu, uPetre uthi abanye basikisela ukuthi amangqamuzana amaningi anomdlavuza angasuswa ngokuhlinzwa komzimba.

Uyachaza: “Yile ndlela umzimba uvikela ngayo abantu abanomdlavuza,” kuchaza yena. “Ukwazi nokucekela phansi okungahambanga kahle nokudala indlela yokulungisa lokho kunomthelela ekwehliseni amathuba okuba nomdlavuza.”

Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi izifundo ezintsha zizoholela ekuqondeni okuzobasiza ukukhomba ukuzilimaza komzimba njengokwelapha umdlavuza.

Izinguquko zokudla ezingakhuphula i-autophagy

Khumbula ukuthi i-autophagy ngokwezwi nezwi isho ukuthi "ukuzidlela wena." Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuthi ukuzila ukudla okuphakathi kanye nokudla kwe-ketogenic kwaziwa ngokubangela ukuzilimaza.

“Ukuzila ukudla [kungukuthi] ukuqala kokuhlinzwa,” kuchaza uPetre.

"I-ketosis, ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kanye ne-carbs ephansi kuletha izinzuzo ezifanayo zokuzila ngaphandle kokuzila, njengesinqamuleli sokwenza ushintsho olufanayo lokuhlehlisa umzimba," uyanezela. "Ngokungawuthobeli umzimba ngomthwalo wangaphandle, unikeza umzimba ithuba lokugxila empilweni nasekuzilungiseni kwawo."

Ekudleni kwe-keto, uthola amaphesenti angaba ngu-75 wamakholori akho ansuku zonke kusuka kumafutha, namaphesenti ama-5 kuya kwayi-10 wamakhalori akho avela kuma-carbs.

Lokhu kugudlulwa emithonjeni yekhalori kudala ukuthi umzimba wakho ushintshe izindlela zawo zokugaya umzimba. Izoqala ukusebenzisa amanoni njengophethiloli esikhundleni se-glucose etholakala kuma-carbohydrate.

Ukuphendula lo mkhawulo, umzimba wakho uzoqala ukukhiqiza imizimba ye-ketone enemiphumela eminingi yokuvikela. UKhorana uthi ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-ketosis nayo ingadala ukuzilimaza okubangelwa yindlala, okunemisebenzi yokuvikela izinzwa.

"Izinga eliphansi le-glucose livela kuzo zombili izidlo futhi lixhunyaniswa ne-insulin ephansi namazinga aphezulu e-glucagon," kuchaza uPetre. Futhi izinga le-glucagon yilona eliqala ukuzilimaza.

"Uma umzimba uphansi koshukela ngokuzila ukudla noma nge-ketosis, kuletha ukucindezeleka okuhle okuvusa imodi yokulungisa ukusinda," uyanezela.

Indawo engeyona yokudla engabamba iqhaza ekunciphiseni ukuzilimaza ukuzivocavoca umzimba. Ngokwesilwane esisodwa, ukuvivinya umzimba kungadala ukuzilimaza komzimba ezithweni eziyingxenye yenqubo yokulawulwa komzimba.

Lokhu kungafaka imisipha, isibindi, amanyikwe kanye nezicubu ze-adipose.

Okubalulekile

I-Autophagy izoqhubeka nokuthola ukunakwa njengoba abacwaningi benza izifundo eziningi ngomphumela onawo empilweni yethu.

Okwamanje, ochwepheshe bezomsoco nezempilo abanjengoKhorana bakhomba eqinisweni lokuthi kusenokuningi esisakudinga ukukufunda mayelana nokuzikhethela nokuthi singakugqugquzela kanjani kangcono.

Kodwa uma unentshisekelo yokuzama ukuvuselela ukuzilimaza emzimbeni wakho, uncoma ukuqala ngokungeza ukuzila ukudla nokuzivocavoca umzimba enkambisweni yakho.

Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, ukhulelwe, uncelisa, noma ufisa ukukhulelwa, noma unesimo esingelapheki, njengesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela.

UKhorana uxwayisa ngokuthi awukhuthazwa ukuzila ukudla uma ungena kunoma yisiphi kulezi zigaba ezingenhla.