Lokho Wonke Umuntu Wesifazane Okufanele Akwazi Ngokubulala Inzalo Yabesifazane

-Delile

• Kuyini inzalo yabesifazane?
• Uyini umehluko phakathi kwenzalo yokuhlinzwa nokuhlinzwa?
• Ngabe isebenza kanjani inzalo yabesifazane?
• Kwenziwa kanjani inzalo yabesifazane?
• Ukuhlanganiswa kweTubal
• Inzalo yokuhlinzwa (i-Essure)
• Ukubuyiselwa ekuvinjelweni kwabesifazane
• Kusebenza kanjani inzalo yabesifazane?
• Ziyini izinzuzo zokuvimbela inzalo yabesifazane?
• Yiziphi izinkinga zokuvimbela inzalo yabesifazane?
• Ziyini izingcuphe zokuvala inzalo yabesifazane?
• Inzalo yabesifazane vs. vasectomies
• Umbono

Kuyini inzalo yabesifazane?

Ukuvala inzalo yabesifazane kuyinqubo engapheli yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Isebenza ngokuvimba amashubhu we-fallopian. Lapho abesifazane bekhetha ukungabatholi abantwana, inzalo kungaba yindlela enhle. Yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe futhi ebizayo kunokuvimbela inzalo yabesilisa (vasectomy). Ngokwenhlolovo evela ku, cishe amaphesenti angama-27 abesifazane baseMelika abaneminyaka yobudala yokuzala basebenzisa inzalo yabesifazane njengendlela yabo yokulawula inzalo. Lokhu kulingana nabesifazane abayizigidi eziyi-10.2. Lolu cwaningo luye lwathola nokuthi abesifazane abaMnyama babesebenzisa kakhulu inzalo yabesifazane (amaphesenti angama-37) kunabesifazane abamhlophe (amaphesenti angama-24) nabesifazane baseSpain abangamaSpain (amaphesenti angama-27). Ukuvala inzalo kwabesifazane kuvame kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka. Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengama-44 banamathuba amaningi kunabo bonke abanye ubudala bokusebenzisa inzalo yabesifazane, ngokuyikhetha njengendlela yabo yokulawula inzalo eyinhloko. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuvimbela inzalo yabesifazane: ukuhlinza nokuhlinzwa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwenzalo yokuhlinzwa nokuhlinzwa?

Inqubo yokuhlinza yi-tubal ligation, lapho amashubhu we-fallopian anqunywa noma avaliwe. Kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukubophela amashubhu akho. Inqubo ivame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa okuncane okuhlaselayo okubizwa nge-laparoscopy. Kungenziwa futhi ngemuva nje kokulethwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukulethwa kwe-cearean (okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-C-section). Izinqubo ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa zisebenzisa amadivayisi afakwe kuma-fallopian tubes ukuwafaka uphawu. Amadivayisi afakwa esithweni sangasese nesibeletho, futhi ukubekwa akudingi ukusikwa.

Ngabe isebenza kanjani inzalo yabesifazane?

Inzalo ivimba noma ivale amashubhu obuchopho. Lokhu kuvimbela iqanda ukuthi lifinyelele esibelethweni kuphinde kugcine isidoda singafiki eqandeni. Ngaphandle kokukhulelwa kweqanda, ukukhulelwa akukwazi ukwenzeka. I-Tubal ligation isebenza ngokushesha ngemuva kwenqubo. Ukuvala inzalo ngokungasebenzi kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu ukuthi kusebenze njengoba izicubu zesibazi zakha. Imiphumela yazo zombili izinqubo imvamisa inomphela ngengozi encane yokwehluleka.

Kwenziwa kanjani inzalo yabesifazane?

Udokotela kufanele enze inzalo yakho. Ngokuya ngenqubo, ingenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela noma esibhedlela.

Ukuhlanganiswa kweTubal

Ukuze uthole i-tubal ligation, uzodinga i-anesthesia. Udokotela wakho ugcizelela isisu sakho ngegesi futhi wenza ukusikeka okuncane ukufinyelela ezithweni zakho zokuzala nge-laparoscope. Bese bevala amashubhu akho e-fallopian. Udokotela angenza lokhu ngo:

• ukusika nokugoqa amashubhu
• ukususa izingxenye zamashubhu
• ukuvimba amashubhu ngamabhendi noma iziqeshana

Ezinye izinqubo zokuvala inzalo zidinga insimbi eyodwa kuphela nokusikwa, kanti ezinye zidinga ezimbili. Xoxa ngenqubo ethile nodokotela wakho kusengaphambili.

Inzalo yokuhlinzwa (i-Essure)

Njengamanje, kusetshenziswe idivaysi eyodwa ekuvimbeleni inzalo kwabesifazane ngokuhlinzwa. Ithengiswe ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Essure, futhi inqubo esetshenziselwa yona ibizwa ngokuthi yi-fallopian tube occlusion. Iqukethe amakhoyili amabili amancane ensimbi. Eyodwa ifakwa kuthubhu ngalinye lesisu ngokusebenzisa isitho sangasese sowesifazane nomlomo wesibeletho. Ekugcineni, amafomu wesibazi azungeza amakhoyili futhi avimbe amashubhu we-fallopian. I-Essure ikhunjulwe e-United States, kusukela ngoDisemba 31, 2018. Ngo-Ephreli 2018, i-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezingeni elilinganiselwe lezikhungo zezempilo. Iziguli zabika ubuhlungu, ukopha, kanye ne-allergen reaction. Futhi, kube nezikhathi zokufakwa kwesibeletho noma ukuphuma endaweni. Abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-16,000 base-U.S. Abesifazane base-US bamangalela iBayer nge-Essure. U-The Lord uvumile ukuthi kube nezinkinga ezinkulu ezihambisana nokuvikela ukukhulelwa futhi use-oda ezinye izexwayiso nezifundo zokuphepha.

Ukubuyiselwa ekuvinjelweni kwabesifazane

Ngemuva kwenqubo, ubhekwa njalo emizuzwini engu-15 ngehora ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyalulama nokuthi azikho izinkinga. Iningi labantu likhishwa ngalolo suku, imvamisa kungakapheli amahora amabili. Ukululama ngokuvamile kuthatha phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezinhlanu. Udokotela wakho uzokucela ukuthi ubuye ukuze uthole ukuqokwa kokulandelela isonto elilodwa ngemuva kwenqubo.

Kusebenza kanjani inzalo yabesifazane?

Inzalo yabesifazane icishe ibe ngamaphesenti ayi-100 ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa. Ngokusho kweSociety of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, cishe u-2-10 kwabesifazane abayi-1 000 bangakhulelwa ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-tubal. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Contraception luthole ukuthi abesifazane abangama-24-30 kwabangu-1 000 bakhulelwe ngemuva kwe-tubal ligation.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokuvimbela inzalo yabesifazane?

Ukuvala inzalo kwabesifazane kuyindlela enhle kwabesifazane abafuna ukulawulwa kokuzalwa okusebenzayo nokunomphela. Iphephile cishe kubo bonke abesifazane futhi inezinga lokwehluleka eliphansi ngokweqile. Inzalo iyasebenza ngaphandle kokuholela kumiphumela emibi efanayo njengezinye izindlela, njengamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, ukufakelwa, noma i-intrauterine device (IUD). Isibonelo, inqubo ayithinti ama-hormone akho, ukuya esikhathini, noma isifiso sobulili. Obunye ubufakazi buphakamisa nokuthi inzalo yabesifazane inganciphisa kancane ingozi yomdlavuza we-ovari.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokuvimbela inzalo yabesifazane?

Ngoba kungunaphakade, inzalo yabesifazane akuyona inketho enhle kwabesifazane abangase bafune ukukhulelwa esikhathini esizayo. Eminye imithambo ye-tubal ingahle iguquke, kepha ukuhlehliswa kaningi akusebenzi. Abesifazane akufanele bathembele ekutheni kungenzeka ukuguqulwa. Futhi inzalo engeyona eyokuhlinzwa ayiguqulwa. Uma kukhona ithuba lokuthi ungafuna ingane ngokuzayo, inzalo kungenzeka ayikulungele. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izinketho. I-IUD ingaba yindlela engcono. Kungashiywa endaweni kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10, futhi ukususwa kwe-IUD kubuyisa ukuzala kwakho. Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, inzalo yabesifazane ayibasizi abesifazane abafuna noma abadinga ukuphatha izinkinga zokuya esikhathini. Ukuvala inzalo kwabesifazane akuvikeli ezifweni zocansi (ama-STI) noma. Kungaba nezici ezengeziwe zabanye besifazane okufanele bazikhumbule lapho becubungula inzalo yabesifazane. Isibonelo, abesifazane abanengozi enkulu yokuphendula okungalungile ku-anesthesia kungenzeka bangakwazi ukwenza inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Kwabesifazane abafuna ukwenziwa inzalo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kuneminye imikhawulo. Okwamanje, inzalo engeyona eyokuhlinza akuyona inketho kulabo:

• ube neshubhu elilodwa kuphela eliwumqansa
• ngibe nesibhubhu esisodwa noma womabili esivimbele noma esivaliwe
• ayizwani nodayi wokuqhathanisa osetshenziswe ngesikhathi se-X-ray

Ziyini izingcuphe zokuvala inzalo yabesifazane?

Kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile kunoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha. Ukutheleleka nokopha yimiphumela engemihle ye-tubal ligation. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi ngaphambi kwenqubo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, amashubhu angaphola ngokuzenzekelayo ngemuva kokuvala inzalo. Ngokusho kwePlanned Parenthood, kunethuba lokuthi noma yikuphi ukukhulelwa okwenzeka ngalesi sikhathi kuzoba yi-ectopic. Ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kwenzeka lapho ukufakwa kwe-fetus kushubhu le-fallopian esikhundleni sesibeletho. Kuyinkinga yezokwelapha engaba yimbi kakhulu. Uma kungabanjwa ngesikhathi, kungasongela impilo. Ngokusebenzisa inzalo usebenzisa okufakiwe, izingozi zitholakale zibucayi kangangokuba i-Essure isusiwe emakethe kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-2018.

Inzalo yabesifazane vs. vasectomies

Ama-Vasectomies izinqubo zokuvala inzalo unomphela zabesilisa. Basebenza ngokubopha, ukusika, ukusika, noma ukuvala ama-vas deferens ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwesidoda. Inqubo ingadinga noma ingadingi ukusikwa okuncane kanye ne-anesthesia yendawo. I-vasectomy imvamisa ithatha phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili nezine ukuze isebenze ngemuva kwenqubo. Ngemuva konyaka owodwa, kusebenza kancane ukwedlula inzalo yabesifazane. Njengokuvala inzalo yabesifazane, i-vasectomy ayivikeli kuma-STI. Imibhangqwana ekhetha ukukhetha i-vasectomy ingenza njalo ngoba:

• ngokuvamile ithengeka kakhulu
• kubhekwa njengokuvikeleka futhi, kwezinye izimo, inqubo encane yokuhlasela
• ayiphakamisi ingozi yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imibhangqwana ekhetha inzalo yabesifazane ingenza njalo ngoba i-tubal ligation isebenza ngokushesha, kanti ama-vasectomies angathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuthi asebenze.

Umbono

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ukuze nixoxe ngokuvala inzalo yabesifazane futhi nibone ukuthi yiyona ndlela yokulawula inzalo engcono yini kini. Uma ukhetha ukuvala inzalo ngokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka usebenzise enye indlela yokulawula ukubeletha izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kwenqubo. Usazoba nesikhathi sakho, futhi ngeke uzwe ukwehla kwe-libido. Azikho izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezidingekayo ngokuvala inzalo yabesifazane. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngenkathi inzalo yabesifazane ivimbela ukukhulelwa, ayivikeli kuma-STI. Uma udinga ukuvikelwa kwe-STI, sebenzisa amakhondomu.