Ukuhlolwa Kokwehluka Kwegazi

-Delile

• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kokwehlukaniswa kwegazi?
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kokwehlukaniswa kwegazi?
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana nokuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?
• Kwenzekani ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi?

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi?

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kungathola amaseli angajwayelekile noma angavuthiwe. Ingabuye ihlolisise ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, i-leukemia, noma i-immune system disorder.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kungathola amaseli angajwayelekile noma angavuthiwe. Ingabuye ihlolisise ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, i-leukemia, noma i-immune system disorder.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kokwehlukaniswa kwegazi?

Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwempilo okujwayelekile.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kuvame ukuba yingxenye yokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC). I-CBC isetshenziselwa ukukala izingxenye ezilandelayo zegazi lakho:

• amaseli egazi amhlophe, asiza ekunqandeni ukutheleleka
• amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, athwala umoya-mpilo
• ama-platelet, asiza ukugoqa igazi
• i-hemoglobin, iphrotheni kumaseli abomvu egazi aqukethe i-oxygen
• i-hematocrit, isilinganiso samangqamuzana abomvu egazi ne-plasma esegazini lakho

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kuyadingeka uma imiphumela yakho ye-CBC ingekho ebangeni elijwayelekile.

Udokotela wakho angaphinde ahlele ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi uma besola ukuthi unesifo, ukuvuvukala, isifo somnkantsha, noma isifo se-autoimmune.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kokwehlukaniswa kwegazi?

Udokotela wakho uhlola amazinga akho amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ngokuhlola isampula legazi lakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa kwilabhorethri yomtholampilo engalaliswanga.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ebhodini usebenzisa inaliti encane ukudonsa igazi engalweni noma esandleni sakho. Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okudingekayo.

Uchwepheshe waselabhoratri ubeka ithonsi legazi elivela kwisampula sakho kwisilayidi sengilazi esicacile bese eligcoba ukusabalalisa igazi nxazonke. Ngemuva kwalokho, zingcolisa i-smear yegazi ngodayi osiza ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo zamaseli amhlophe egazi kusampula.

Isazi selabhu bese sibala inani lohlobo ngalunye lwamaseli amhlophe egazi.

Uchwepheshe angenza ukubalwa kwegazi ngesandla, ekhomba ngokubonakalayo inani nosayizi wamaseli akwi-slide. Uchwepheshe wakho angasebenzisa futhi ukubalwa kwegazi okuzenzakalelayo.Kulokhu, umshini uhlaziya amangqamuzana akho egazi ngokuya ngamasu wokulinganisa azenzakalelayo.

Ubuchwepheshe bokubala obuzenzakalelayo busebenzisa izindlela zikagesi, i-laser, noma izindlela zokuthwebula izithombe ukuze zinikeze isithombe esinembe kakhulu ngosayizi, umumo, nenombolo yamaseli egazi kusampula.

Ucwaningo lwango-2013 lubonise ukuthi lezi zindlela zinembe kakhulu, ngisho nakuzo zonke izinhlobo zemishini eyenza izibalo zegazi ezizenzakalelayo.

Izinga lokubala le-Eosinophil, basophil, ne-lymphocyte kungenzeka linganembi uma uthatha imishanguzo ye-corticosteroid, njenge-prednisone, i-cortisone, ne-hydrocortisone, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Yazisa udokotela wakho uma ngabe uthatha noma iyiphi yale mithi ngaphambi kokuhlola.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana nokuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi?

Ingcuphe yezinkinga zokuthola igazi incane kakhulu. Abanye abantu babhekana nobuhlungu obuphansi noma isiyezi.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, ukulimaza, ukopha kancane, ukutheleleka, noma i-hematoma (iqhubu eligcwele igazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho) kungahle kuvele endaweni yokubhoboza.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Ukuvivinya umzimba kakhulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokucindezeleka kungathinta ukubalwa kwamaseli wakho amhlophe egazi, ikakhulukazi amazinga wakho we-neutrophil.

Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukudla okune-vegan kungadala ukuthi inani lakho lamaseli amhlophe egazi libe ngaphansi kunokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, isizathu salokhu asivunyelwanga ososayensi.

Ukwanda okungavamile kolunye uhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi kungadala ukwehla kolunye uhlobo. Yomibili imiphumela engajwayelekile ingabangelwa yisimo esifanayo esingaphansi.

Amanani welebhu angahluka. Ngokwe-American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, amaphesenti wamaseli amhlophe egazi kubantu abaphilile ami kanjena:

• Amaphesenti angama-54 kuya kwangu-62 ama-neutrophils
• Ama-lymphocyte angama-25 kuya kwangu-30
• Amaphesenti angama-0 kuya kwangu-9 ama-monocyte
• Amaphesenti ama-1 kuya kwangu-3 ama-eosinophil
• 1% ama-basophil

An ukwanda kwamaphesenti ama-neutrophils egazini lakho kungasho ukuthi une:

• i-neutrophilia, ukuphazamiseka kwamaseli amhlophe egazi okungabangelwa ukutheleleka, i-steroids, ukubhema, noma ukuzivocavoca okunzima
• ukutheleleka okunamandla, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwamagciwane
• ukucindezeleka okukhulu
• ukukhulelwa
• ukuvuvukala, okufana nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo noma isifo samathambo
• ukulimala kwezicubu ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka
• i-leukemia engapheli

A kwehle amaphesenti ama-neutrophils egazini lakho kungabonisa:

• i-neutropenia, ukuphazamiseka kwamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe okungabangelwa ukuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwe-neutrophil emnkantsheni wethambo
• i-aplastic anemia, ukwehla kwenani lamaseli egazi akhiqizwa umnkantsha wakho
• ukutheleleka okunzima noma okusakazekile kwegciwane noma kwegciwane
• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kwakamuva noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe

An ukwanda kwamaphesenti ama-lymphocyte egazini lakho kungenzeka ngenxa:

• i-lymphoma, umdlavuza omhlophe wamangqamuzana egazi oqala kuma-lymph node akho
• ukutheleleka okungapheli kwegciwane
• i-hepatitis
• i-myeloma eminingi, umdlavuza wamaseli emnkantsheni wakho wethambo
• ukutheleleka ngegciwane, njenge-mononucleosis, mumps, noma isimungumungwane
• I-leukemia ye-lymphocytic

A amaphesenti anciphile ama-lymphocyte egazini lakho kungaba umphumela walokhu:

• ukulimala komnkantsha ngenxa yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe
• I-HIV, isifo sofuba, noma ukutheleleka kwesibindi
• i-leukemia
• ukutheleleka okunzima, njenge-sepsis
• i-autoimmune disorder, efana ne-lupus noma i-rheumatoid arthritis

A amaphesenti aphakanyisiwe ama-monocyte egazini lakho kungabangelwa:

• izifo ezingapheli zokuvuvukala, njengezifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo
• ukutheleleka okuyisinanakazana noma kwegciwane
• ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya enhliziyweni yakho
• isifo semithambo ye-collagen, njenge-lupus, i-vasculitis, noma i-rheumatoid arthritis
• izinhlobo ezithile zegazi

An ukwanda kwamaphesenti ama-eosinophil egazini lakho kungabonisa:

• i-eosinophilia, engabangelwa ukuphazamiseka komzimba, izimuncagazi, izicubu, noma ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu (GI)
• ukusabela okweqile
• ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, njenge-eczema noma i-dermatitis
• ukutheleleka okuyisidlakudla
• isifo sokuvuvukala, esifana nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo noma isifo se-celiac
• ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza

An ukwanda kwamaphesenti ama-basophil egazini lakho kungabangelwa:

• ukungezwani komzimba nokudla okungathi sína
• ukuvuvukala
• i-leukemia

Kwenzekani ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi?

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka a-oda izivivinyo eziningi uma unokwanda okuqhubekayo noma ukwehla kwamazinga wanoma yiziphi izinhlobo ezifakwe kuhlu lwamaseli amhlophe egazi.

Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka i-biopsy marrow biopsy ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo.

Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezinketho zokuphatha ngemuva kokuthola imbangela yemiphumela yakho engajwayelekile.

Bangaphinde ba-oda ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi kokulandelayo ukuthola izindlela ezingcono zokwelashwa kwakho nokulandelwa:

• ukuhlolwa kwesibalo se-eosinophil
• flow cytometry, engatshela ukuthi inani eliphezulu lamaseli amhlophe abangelwa yimidlavuza yegazi
• i-immunophenotyping, engasiza ekutholeni ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesimo esibangelwa ukubalwa kwamaseli egazi okungavamile
• ukuhlolwa kwe-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), okulinganisa ama-biomarkers emnkantsheni wethambo noma kumaseli egazi, ikakhulukazi amangqamuzana omdlavuza wegazi

Okunye ukuhlolwa kungadingeka ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa okwehlukile nokuhlolwa kokulandela.

Udokotela wakho unezindlela eziningi zokunquma nokwelapha izimbangela zamaseli egazi angajwayelekile, futhi ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila ingahlala ifana, uma ingathuthuki, uma usuthole imbangela.