Ingabe i-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) ingadala umdlavuza webele?

-Delile

• Ingabe i-HPV ingadala umdlavuza webele?
• Ziyini izimbangela zomdlavuza webele?
• Izici ezinobungozi zomdlavuza webele ne-HPV
• Ungawuvikela yini umdlavuza webele ne-HPV?
• Ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele
• Ukuvimbela i-HPV
• Sebenzisa amakhondomu e-latex
• Goma
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole i-papillomavirus yomuntu noma wazi othile onayo. Okungenani izinhlobo eziyi-100 ezihlukene ze-human papillomavirus (HPV) zikhona.

Cishe abantu base-United States kuphela bathole leli gciwane. I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ilinganisa ukuxilongwa okusha njalo ngonyaka.

I-HPV yisifo esihlasela kakhulu ngocansi (STI) e-United States. Izinhlobo ezithile ze-HPV zingadala umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Kodwa ingabe i-HPV ingadala ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza webele?

Umdlavuza webele uvela lapho umdlavuza wakheka kumaseli amabele. Ngokwezibalo zango-2015 ezisuka eCDC, umdlavuza webele ubenezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lamacala amasha kwabesifazane e-United States uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imidlavuza ngalowo nyaka. Futhi ibinezinga lokufa eliphakeme lesibili kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomdlavuza kwabesifazane base-U.S.

Yize kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungenzeka nakwabesilisa.

Umdlavuza webele uvame ukuqala ezakhiqeni ezikhiqiza ubisi, ezibizwa ngama-lobules, noma amapayipi adonsela ubisi engonweni.

Umdlavuza ongahlaseli, owaziwa nangokuthi i-carcinoma in situ, uhlala ngaphakathi kwama-lobules noma amapayipi. Azihlaseli izicubu ezijwayelekile zizungeze noma ngale kwebele. Imidlavuza ehlaselayo ikhula iye ngaphakathi nangaphezulu kwezicubu ezinempilo. Iningi lomdlavuza webele liyahlasela.

IBreastcancer.org ithi owesifazane oyedwa kwabayisishiyagalombili e-United States uzoba nomdlavuza webele owesabekayo empilweni yabo. Le nhlangano ibuye ibike ukuthi ngonyaka we-2018, cishe kutholakale ukuxilongwa okusha okungama-266,120 kokuthola izifo ezingahlaseli kanye nokuthola ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele okungavumelekile okungu-63,960 kulindeleke ukuthi kwenzeke kubantu besifazane base-U.S.

Ingabe i-HPV ingadala umdlavuza webele?

Yize abacwaningi bexhume i-HPV nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukuxhumana kukhona phakathi komdlavuza webele ne-HPV kuyimpikiswano.

Kwesinye, abacwaningi basebenzise izinhlobo ezingama-28 zomdlavuza webele nezibonelo ezingama-28 zomdlavuza webele ezingafaki umdlavuza ukuze babone ukuthi ngabe i-HPV eyingozi isemangqamuzaneni yini. Imiphumela ikhombise ukulandelana kofuzo okuyingozi kakhulu kwe-HPV emigqeni emibili yamaseli.

Esikhathini, kwahlolwa amasampula womabili wesifo somdlavuza nesibindi. Abaphenyi bakwazi ukuthola ukulandelana okuyingozi kwe-HPV DNA kanye namaprotheni kwamanye amasampula wesifo somdlavuza webele.

Kodwa-ke, bathole nobufakazi be-HPV enobungozi obukhulu kwamanye amasampula anobungozi.Bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umdlavuza webele ungagcina ukhulekile kulaba bantu, kepha qaphela ukuthi ukuqhubeka kophenyo nokulandelwa kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa lokhu.

Kuhlanganiswe nocwaningo lwango-2009, lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqhubeka nokuphenya ukuxhumana okungaba khona phakathi komdlavuza webele ne-HPV. Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka.

Ziyini izimbangela zomdlavuza webele?

Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi kungani umdlavuza webele uvela. Imvelo, ama-hormone, noma indlela yokuphila yomuntu konke kungadlala indima ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza webele. Kungaba nezimbangela zofuzo.

I-HPV enobungozi obukhulu ingadala umdlavuza uma amasosha akho omzimba angawaqedi amaseli awangenayo. Lawa maseli athelelekile angabe eseqala ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, okungadala umdlavuza. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi i-HPV ingadala umdlavuza webele, kepha alukho ucwaningo olwanele ukusekela leyo mbono.

Izici ezinobungozi zomdlavuza webele ne-HPV

I-HPV okwamanje ayithathwa njengengozi yomdlavuza webele. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza webele kunabesilisa. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• ukukhula kweminyaka
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukuchayeka emisebeni
• ukuba nengane esemdala
• angazali bantwana
• ukuqala isikhathi sakho usemncane
• ukuqala ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kamuva empilweni
• ukuphuza utshwala
• umlando womndeni womdlavuza webele

Umdlavuza webele awuvame ukuzuzwa njengefa, kodwa izici zofuzo zingadlala indima kwabanye abantu. Amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu amacala atholakala kubantu besifazane abangenawo umlando womdlavuza webele.

Ingcuphe enkulu ye-HPV ukwenza ucansi.

Ungawuvikela yini umdlavuza webele ne-HPV?

Ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele

Awukwazi ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele. Esikhundleni salokho, kufanele uzenzele izivivinyo futhi uthole izivivinyo zokuhlola.

Izincomo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uqale nini ukuthola i-mammogram noma ukuthi uyithola kaningi kangakanani ziyehluka.

I-American College of Physicians (ACP) incoma ukuthi abesifazane baqale ukuthola ama-mammograms lapho beneminyaka engama-50 ubudala.

I-American Cancer Society incoma ukuthi abesifazane baqale ukuthola ama-mammograms lapho beneminyaka engama-45.

Zombili lezi zinhlangano zithi ukuqala ukuhlolwa eminyakeni engama-40 ubudala kungahle kufanele abesifazane abathile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uzoqala nini ukuhlolwa nokuthi kufanele uthole ama-mammograms kangaki.

Ukubamba umdlavuza wamabele kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuwuvimbeleni ukuthi usabalale futhi kwandise namathuba akho okululama.

Ukuvimbela i-HPV

Ungasiza ukuvimbela i-HPV ngokwenza okulandelayo:

Sebenzisa amakhondomu e-latex

Kufanele usebenzise amakhondomu e-latex njalo uma uya ocansini. Kodwa-ke, yazi ukuthi i-HPV yehlukile kune-STI ejwayelekile ngoba ungayithola ngezindawo lapho ikhondomu ingafaki khona. Sebenzisa ukuqaphela okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka lapho wenza ucansi.

Goma

Le yindlela engcono yokuvikela umdlavuza ngenxa ye-HPV. Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa e-U.S. Kugunyaze imijovo emithathu yokuvikela i-HPV:

• umuthi wokugomela we-human papillomavirus bivalent (Cervarix)
• umuthi wokugoma we-papillomavirus quadrivalent (Gardasil)
• umuthi wokugomela i-human papillomavirus 9-valent (Gardasil 9)

Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-9 nengu-14 bathola izibhamu ezimbili esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha. Noma ngubani othola umuthi wokugoma kamuva (phakathi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-15 nengama-26) uthola izibhamu ezintathu. Udinga ukuthola konke ukudubula ochungechungeni ukuze umuthi wokugoma uphumelele.

Le mithi yokugoma ivunyelwe abesifazane nabesilisa abaneminyaka yobudala eyi-11 kuya kwengama-26. IGardasil 9 manje isibuye yamukelwa kwabesilisa nabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-27 kuya kwengama-45 ababengagonywanga phambilini.

Kufanele futhi ulandele lezi zeluleko:

• Yazi abalingani bakho ocansini.
• Buza ozakwenu imibuzo mayelana nezenzo zabo zocansi nokuthi bahlolwa kangaki.
• Bona udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolelwe umdlavuza uma ungowesifazane.

Umbono

Ubufakazi bamanje abusekeli ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-HPV nomdlavuza webele. Noma kunjalo, ungenza okulandelayo:

• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngomuthi wokugoma we-HPV.
• Njalo yenza ucansi oluphephile.
• Khuluma nabalingani bakho bezocansi ngomlando wabo wezocansi.
• Landela izincomo zikadokotela wakho zokuhlolwa umdlavuza webele.
• Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi ungaba nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zakho.

Ukuvimbela umdlavuza akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ungakwazi ukwandisa amathuba akho okubamba nokwelapha umdlavuza kusenesikhathi uma usebenza kahle.