Isokhethi Samehlo Ephukile

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zokuphuka
• Ukwehlukana komphetho we-Orbital
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-blowout (noma ukuqhekeka kodonga lwe-orbital)
• Ukuqhekeka kwetrapdoor
• Izimpawu zokuqhekeka kwesokhethi yamehlo
• Ukuhlonza ukuphuka
• Ukwelapha ukuphuka
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Umugqa wesikhathi wokutakula
• Uyini umbono?
• Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa?

Ukubuka konke

Isokhethi yamehlo, noma i-orbit, iyinkomishi yamathambo ezungeze iso lakho. Amathambo ahlukene ayisikhombisa akha isokhethi.

Isokhethi yamehlo iqukethe inhlamvu yeso lakho nayo yonke imisipha eyihambisayo. Futhi ngaphakathi kwesokhethi kunezindlala zakho zezinyembezi, izinzwa ze-cranial, imithambo yegazi, imisipha nezinye izinzwa.

Isokhethi yamehlo ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezine. Ngamunye wakhiwa ngamathambo ahlukene. Ungaba nokuqhekeka kokukodwa noma zonke lezi zingxenye zesokhethi yamehlo:

• I- udonga olungaphansi, noma i-orbital floor, yakhiwa umhlathi ongaphezulu (i-maxilla), ingxenye yesifuba lesithambo (i-zygomatic), nengxenye encane yolwanga oluqinile (ithambo le-palatine). Ukwehlukaniswa okuya esitezi esiphansi kuvame ukuvela ekushayweni ohlangothini lobuso. Lokhu kungabangelwa isibhakela, into ebuthuntu, noma ingozi yemoto.
• I- ithambo le-zygomatic futhi yakha udonga lohlangothi lwesikhashana, noma lwangaphandle, lwesokhethi yamehlo. Izinzwa eziningi ezibalulekile zihamba kule ndawo. Zingalimala ngokushaya esihlathini noma ohlangothini lobuso.
• I- udonga lwangaphakathi yakhiwa ngokuyinhloko ithambo le-ethmoid elihlukanisa umgodi wamakhala wakho ebuchosheni bakho. Ukuhlukumezeka okungaqondakali endaweni yesikhala noma yeso kuyimbangela ejwayelekile yokuqhekeka kodonga oluphakathi.
• I- udonga oluphakeme, noma uphahla, lwesokhethi yamehlo lwakhiwa yingxenye yethambo langaphambili, noma ibunzi. Ukwehlukaniswa odongeni oluphakeme kukhona, kepha kungenzeka wedwa noma kuhlanganiswe nomonakalo kwezinye izindawo ezimbili.

Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi amaphesenti angama-28 abantu abanokuqhekeka kwesokhethi yamehlo nabo banokulimala kwamehlo okungathinta umbono.

Izinhlobo zokuphuka

Noma yimaphi noma wonke amathambo ayisikhombisa omzimba angabandakanyeka ekuqhekekeni kwesokhethi leso.

Ukuqhekeka kwesokhethi leso kungahlukaniswa ku:

Ukwehlukana komphetho we-Orbital

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isokhethi yamehlo lishaywa ngamandla ngento enzima, efana nesiteringi engozini yemoto. Ucezu lwethambo lungahle lunqamuke lushayelelwe lapho kushaywa khona.

Umonakalo uvame ukuba ngaphezu kwendawo eyodwa yesokhethi yamehlo. Uhlobo olujwayelekile lokuqhekeka komugqa we-orbital lubandakanya zonke izingxenye ezintathu ezinkulu zesokhethi yamehlo. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-tripod fracture, noma i-zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-blowout (noma ukuqhekeka kodonga lwe-orbital)

Lolu hlobo lokuphuka luvamise ukwenzeka lapho ushaywa ngento enkulu kunesokhethi yamehlo, njengesibhakela noma into ebuthuntu. Kungabangela izingcezu eziningi, noma ithambo elihlanganisiwe.

Ukuqhuma kwenzeka lapho isibhakela noma okunye ukushaywa esweni kubangela ukwakheka kwengcindezi kuketshezi leso. Le ngcindezi idluliselwa esokeni leso, ibangele ukuthi iphuke ngaphandle. Noma, udonga lungahle lubheke ngaphakathi kusuka emandleni onqenqemeni lomkhawulo.

Ukuqhekeka kwetrapdoor

Lezi zisezinganeni, ngoba zinamathambo aguquguqukayo kunabantu abadala. Esikhundleni sokuphahlazeka, ithambo lesokhethi leso liguquguquka liye ngaphandle, bese libuyela ngokushesha endaweni yalo. Ngakho-ke, igama elithi "isango elingumgibe."

Yize amathambo engaphuliwe, ukuphuka kwamathambo kuseyingozi enkulu. Kungaholela ekulimaleni unomphela kwezinzwa.

Izimpawu zokuqhekeka kwesokhethi yamehlo

Izimpawu zokuphuka kwesokhethi yamehlo zifaka:

• ukubona kabili noma ukunciphisa umbono
• ukuvuvukala kwejwabu leso
• ubuhlungu, ukulinyazwa, ukudabuka, noma ukopha ezungeze iso
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza (okuvame kakhulu ekuqhekekeni kwamathango angaphandle
• iso elishonile noma eliqhakazile, noma ijwabu leso elilele phansi
• ukungakwazi ukuhambisa iso lakho kwezinye izinkomba

Ukuhlonza ukuphuka

Udokotela wakho uzohlola indawo yamehlo eyonakele nombono wakho. Bazobuye babheke nokucindezela kwamehlo akho. Ukucindezela kwamehlo okuphakeme okuqhubekayo kungaholela ekulimaleni kwe-optic nerve nobumpumputhe.

Udokotela wakho angalawula ama-X-ray ukusiza ukuthola ukuphuka kwamathambo esokhethi leso. I-CT scan nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukunikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe yokulimala.

Udokotela wamehlo, obizwa nge-ophthalmologist, kungenzeka abambe iqhaza uma kukhona umonakalo ekubukeni nasekunyakazeni kweso. Ukwephuka ophahleni lwe-orbital kungadinga ukubonisana nodokotela wezinzwa noma we-neurosurgeon.

Ukwelapha ukuphuka

Ukwephuka kwesokhethi yamehlo akudingi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi ukuphuka kwakho kungaziphilisa ngokwakho.

Ungase weluleke ukuthi ugweme ukushaya amakhala akho amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokulimala. Lokhu ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okusakazeka kusuka ezinsweni kuya ezicutshini zesoxho leso yize kunesikhala esincane ethanjeni eliphukile.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza isifutho samazinyo sokuncipha ngamakhala ukusiza ukuvimbela isidingo sokukhala kwamakhala noma ukuthimula. Odokotela abaningi baphinde banikeze ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kungenzeki.

Ukuhlinzwa

Kukhona ngaphezulu kwezinqubo zokusebenzisa ukuhlinzeka kuma-blowout fractures. Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokuhlinzwa okungadingeka:

• Uma uqhubeka nokuzwa umbono ophindwe kabili izinsuku ngemuva kokulimala, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa. Ukubona kabili kungaba uphawu lokulimala komunye wemisipha yamehlo esiza ukuhambisa iso lakho. Uma umbono ophindwe kabili uhamba ngokushesha, kungenzeka ukuthi ubangelwa ukuvuvukala futhi awudingi ukwelashwa.
• Uma ukulimala kubangele ukuthi inhlamvu yeso ibuyiselwa emuva kusokhethi (enophthalmos), lokhu kungaba yinkomba yokuhlinzwa.
• Uma ingxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yodonga oluphansi lonakalisiwe, kungenzeka kuhlinzwe ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kobuso.

Uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angalinda kuze kube amasonto amabili ngemuva kokulimala ukuze avumele ukuvuvukala kwehle. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlolwa okunembe kakhudlwana kwesokhethi yamehlo.

Indlela ejwayelekile yokuhlinzwa ingukuqhekeka okuncane ekhoneni elingaphandle leso lakho futhi enye ingaphakathi kwejwabu leso lakho. Enye indlela, i-endoscopy, isetshenziswa inani elikhulayo lodokotela abahlinzayo. Kule nqubo, kufakwa amakhamera nezinsimbi zomlomo ngomlomo noma ngamakhala.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kudinga i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, okusho ukuthi uzobe ulele inqubo futhi ngeke ubuzwe ubuhlungu.

Umugqa wesikhathi wokutakula

Uma uhlinziwe, unganikezwa ithuba lokulala esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokuhlinzwa. Uma usekhaya, uzodinga usizo okungenani izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezine.

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka anikeze ama-antibiotic omlomo, ama-corticosteroids afana ne-prednisone, kanye nababulali bezinhlungu, imvamisa isonto. Udokotela ohlinzayo cishe uzokweluleka ukuthi usebenzise amaphakethe eqhwa endaweni leyo isonto lonke. Uzodinga ukuphumula, ugweme ukushaya amakhala akho, futhi uvikele umsebenzi onzima ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Uzocelwa ukuba ubuyele kudokotela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, futhi mhlawumbe futhi phakathi kwamasonto amabili alandelayo.

Uyini umbono?

Yize ukuphuka kwesokhethi yamehlo kungaba yingozi, iningi labantu lilulama kahle.

Uma ungene ekuhlinzweni unombono ophindwe kabili, kungahlala isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezine ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Uma ingapheli emva kwezinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisithupha, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa kwemisipha yamehlo noma izingilazi ezikhethekile zokulungisa.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa?

Ukugqoka izigqoko zamehlo ezivikelayo lapho usebenza noma ngenkathi uzibandakanya kwezemidlalo kungasiza ekuvikeleni ukuqhekeka kwezisekelo eziningi zamehlo.

Ama-Goggles, izivikelo zobuso ezisobala, namaski obuso angahle afane, kuya ngohlobo lomsebenzi.