Bulimia Nervosa

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-bulimia nervosa?
• Yini ebangela i-bulimia nervosa?
• I-bulimia nervosa itholakala kanjani?
• Yelashwa kanjani i-bulimia nervosa?
• Uyini umbono we-bulimia nervosa?

Yini i-bulimia nervosa?

I-Bulimia nervosa yisifo sokudla, esivame ukubizwa nje nge-bulimia. Kuyisimo esibi esingasongela impilo.

Ngokuvamile kubonakala ngokudla ngokweqile okulandelwa ukuhlanzwa. Ukuhlanza kungenzeka ngokuhlanza okuphoqelelwe, ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile, noma ngokuthatha ama-laxatives noma i-diuretics.

Abantu abane-bulimia purge, noma babonisa isimilo sokuhlanza, futhi balandele umjikelezo we-binge-and-purge. Ukuziphatha kwe-purge kufaka ezinye izindlela eziqinile zokugcina isisindo njengokuzila ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, noma ukuzincisha ukudla ngokweqile.

Abantu abane-bulimia bavame ukuba nesimo somzimba esingelona iqiniso. Bakhathazeke kakhulu ngesisindo sabo futhi bazigxeka kakhulu. Abantu abaningi abane-bulimia banesisindo esijwayelekile noma bakhuluphele ngokweqile. Lokhu kungenza i-bulimia ibe nzima ukuyibona nokuyixilonga.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti ama-1.5 abesifazane kanye no-.5% wamadoda bazobhekana ne-bulimia ngesikhathi esithile sempilo yabo. Kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane, futhi kuvame kakhulu ngesikhathi seminyaka yobusha nasebusheni.

Amaphesenti angama-20 abesifazane besifazane asekolishi babika izimpawu ze-bulimia. Abadlali nabo basengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka kokudla, njengabadlali abanemizimba nezisindo ezibhekwe kakhulu. Futhi abadansi, amamodeli, nabalingisi nabo bangaba sengozini enkulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-bulimia nervosa?

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-bulimia zifaka:

• ukwesaba isikhathi eside kokuthola isisindo
• ukuphawula mayelana nokukhuluphala
• ukukhathazeka ngesisindo nomzimba
• isithombe esingesihle neze
• ukudla ngokweqile
• ukuhlanza okunamandla
• ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-laxatives noma i-diuretics
• ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo noma amakhambi okwehlisa isisindo
• ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile
• amazinyo anamabala (kusuka esiswini acid)
• ama-callus ngemuva kwezandla
• ukuya endlini yangasese ngokushesha emva kokudla
• ukungadli phambi kwabanye
• ukuhoxa emisebenzini ejwayelekile yomphakathi

Izinkinga ezivela ku-bulimia zingafaka:

• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• izinkinga zenhliziyo
• isifo sezinsini
• ukubola kwamazinyo
• izingqinamba zokugaya ukudla noma ukuqunjelwa
• ukoma komzimba
• ukushoda kwezakhi
• ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte noma kwamakhemikhali

Abesifazane bangathola ukungabi khona kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Futhi, ukukhathazeka, ukudangala, nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala kungajwayelekile kubantu abane-bulimia.

Yini ebangela i-bulimia nervosa?

IBulimia ayinasizathu esaziwayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwayo.

Abantu abanezimo zempilo yengqondo noma umbono osontekile weqiniso basengozini enkulu. Kuyafana nakubantu abanesidingo esinamandla sokuhlangabezana nokulindelwe kanye nezinkambiso zomphakathi. Labo abathonywe kakhulu abezindaba bangaba sengozini nabo. Ezinye izinto zifaka:

• izindaba zokuthukuthela
• ukudana
• ukuphelela
• ukuphuthuma
• isehlakalo esibuhlungu esidlule

Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-bulimia iyifa, noma ingabangelwa ukushoda kwe-serotonin ebuchosheni.

I-bulimia nervosa itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuthola i-bulimia. Okokuqala, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Bangabuye ba-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma umchamo. Futhi ukuhlolwa kwengqondo kuzosiza ekunqumeni ubudlelwane bakho nokudla nomzimba womzimba.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa nenqubo kusuka ku-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). I-DSM-5 iyithuluzi lokuxilonga elisebenzisa ulimi olujwayelekile kanye nenqubo yokuhlonza ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Indlela esetshenziselwe ukuxilonga i-bulimia ifaka phakathi:

• ukuzitika ngotshwala okuphindaphindwayo
• ukuhlanza njalo ngokuhlanza
• izindlela zokuziphatha eziqhubekayo zokuhlanza, njengokuzivocavoca ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-laxatives nokuzila ukudla
• ukuthola ukuzethemba kwesisindo nomzimba
• ukuzitika ngotshwala, ukuhlanza, nokuhlanza okwenzeka okungenani kanye ngesonto izinyanga ezintathu ngokwesilinganiso
• ukungabi ne-anorexia nervosa

Ubukhulu be-bulimia yakho bunganqunywa ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, ukhombisa kaningi kangakanani ukuzitika ngotshwala, ukuhlanza noma ukuhlanza. I-DSM-5 ihlukanisa i-bulimia kusuka kumnene kuya kokweqile:

• omnene: iziqephu ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ngeviki
• ngokulinganisela: iziqephu ezi-4 kuya kwezi-7 ngeviki
• ezinzima: iziqephu eziyi-8 kuye kwezingu-13 ngeviki
• ngokweqile: iziqephu eziyi-14 noma ngaphezulu ngeviki

Ungadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe uma ngabe une-bulimia isikhathi eside. Lezi zivivinyo zingabheka izinkinga ezingafaka izinkinga ngenhliziyo yakho noma ezinye izitho.

Yelashwa kanjani i-bulimia nervosa?

Ukwelashwa akugcini nje ngokufunda ngokudla nangokondleka kepha futhi nokwelashwa kwezempilo yengqondo. Kudinga ukuthuthukiswa kombono onempilo wakho nobudlelwano obunempilo nokudla. Izinketho zokwelashwa zifaka:

• imishanguzo, njenge-fluoxetine (Prozac), okuwukuphela kwengcindezi evunyelwe yi-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukwelapha i-bulimia
• i-psychotherapy, ebizwa nangokuthi i-talk therapy, ingafaka ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo, ukwelashwa okususelwa emndenini, kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo okusebenzelana nabantu
• ukwesekwa kokudla kanye nemfundo yokudla okunomsoco, okusho ukufunda ngemikhuba yokudla enempilo, ukwakha uhlelo lokudla okunomsoco, futhi mhlawumbe nohlelo olulawulwayo lokwehlisa isisindo
• ukwelashwa kwezinkinga, okungafaka ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngamacala abucayi e-bulimia

Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuvame ukufaka i-antidepressant, psychotherapy, kanye nendlela yokusebenzisana phakathi kukadokotela wakho, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwengqondo, nomndeni nabangane.

Ezinye izindawo zokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kokudla zinikela ngezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezihlala ngaphakathi noma zosuku. Iziguli ezibamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuhlala ezindaweni zokwelashwa zithola ukwesekwa nokunakekelwa ubusuku nemini.

Iziguli zingathatha amakilasi, ziye ekwelashweni, futhi zidle ukudla okunomsoco. Bangaphinda bazijwayeze i-yoga emnene ukukhulisa ukuqwashisa ngomzimba.

Uyini umbono we-bulimia nervosa?

IBulimia ingasongela impilo uma iyekwa ingalashwa noma uma ukwelashwa kwehluleka. IBulimia iyisimo somzimba nengokwengqondo, futhi kungaba yinselelo yempilo yonke ukuyilawula.

Kodwa-ke, i-bulimia inganqotshwa ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. I-bulimia yangaphambilini itholakele indlela yokwelashwa ezosebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kugxila ekudleni, ekuzethembeni, ekuxazululeni izinkinga, emakhonweni okubhekana nawo, nasempilweni yezengqondo. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisiza iziguli ukuthi zigcine isimilo esinempilo esikhathini eside esizayo.