Ingabe Isikhunta Esimnyama Singakubulala?

-Delile

• Kuyini isikhunta esimnyama?
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuvezwa kwesikhunta esimnyama?
• Kutholakala kanjani ukutholakala kwesikhunta esimnyama?
• Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?
• Yini ukwelashwa kokuvezwa isikhunta esimnyama?
• Ungaligcina kanjani ikhaya lakho liphephile kwisikhunta esimnyama
• Ukuthatha

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Impendulo emfushane yabantu abaningi abanempilo ithi cha, isikhunta esimnyama ngeke sikubulale futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi sikugulise.

Noma kunjalo, isikhunta esimnyama singenza la maqembu alandelayo agule:

• abantu abasha kakhulu
• abantu abadala kakhulu
• abantu abanamasosha omzimba ayekethisayo
• abantu abanezimo ezikhona zezempilo

Kepha nalawa maqembu mancane amathuba okuthi afe ngenxa yokuchayeka kwesikhunta esimnyama.

Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngesikhunta esimnyama nokuthi iziphi izingozi ezikhona ngempela.

Kuyini isikhunta esimnyama?

Isikhunta singenye yezinto eziphilayo ezivame kakhulu eMhlabeni. Isikhunta sithanda izindawo ezimanzi. Zikhula ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kufaka phakathi izindawo ezinjengezihlambi, amagumbi angaphansi, namagaraji.

Isikhunta esimnyama, esaziwa nangokuthi I-Stachybotrys chartarum noma atra, luhlobo olulodwa lwesikhunta olutholakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo. Kubukeka njengamabala amnyama nama-splotches.

Isikhunta esimnyama saba nedumela lokuba nobuthi ngemuva kokuba uchungechunge lwezinsana eziyisishiyagalombili lwagula eCleveland, e-Ohio, phakathi kukaJanuwari 1993 noDisemba 1994. Zonke zaziphuma igazi emaphashini, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage. Enye yalezo zingane yafa.

Imiphumela evela kuCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) iveze ukuthi lezi zingane bezihlala emakhaya anomonakalo omkhulu wamanzi kanye namazinga andile esikhunta esikhiqiza ubuthi ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni abantu abaningi bakholelwe ukuthi isikhunta esimnyama sasinobuthi futhi singabulala abantu.

Ekugcineni, ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi abakwazanga ukuxhumanisa ukutholakala kwesikhunta esimnyama ekuguleni nasekufeni ezinganeni zaseCleveland.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuvezwa kwesikhunta esimnyama?

Eqinisweni, zonke izikhunta - kufaka phakathi isikhunta esimnyama - zingaveza ubuthi, kepha ukuvezwa kwesikhunta akuvamile ukubulala.

Abantu bavezwa isikhunta ngezinhlamvu ezikhishwayo futhi ezihamba emoyeni.

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi abanye abantu bazwela kakhulu kunabanye ukubumba. Laba bantu bavame ukuba bancane kakhulu, badala kakhulu, noma babe:

• amasosha omzimba ayekethisayo
• isifo samaphaphu
• ukungezwani komzimba okuthile

Kubantu abasengozini yokuzwela kwesikhunta, izimpawu zokuvezwa kwesikhunta esimnyama zifaka:

• ukukhwehlela
• isikhumba esomile esingabonakala sine-scaly
• amehlo alumayo, ikhala, nomphimbo
• ukuba nekhala eligudlanayo noma eligobayo
• ukuthimula
• inkinga yokuphefumula
• amehlo anamanzi

Indlela osabela ngayo esikhunjeni ixhomeke ekutheni uzwela kangakanani ekubekeni isikhunta. Ungahle ungasabeli nakancane ekuvezeni isikhunta esimnyama, noma ungathola ukusabela okuncane.

Abantu abazwela kakhulu esikhunjeni esimnyama bangaba nezifo ezinzima zokuphefumula lapho bevezwa.

Kutholakala kanjani ukutholakala kwesikhunta esimnyama?

Uma ungazizwa kahle futhi ukholwa ukuthi uvezwe isikhunta esimnyama noma olunye uhlobo lwesikhunta, hlela ukuvakasha nodokotela wakho. Bazozama ukunquma izinga lakho lokuzwela ukuze balolonge nemiphumela yalo empilweni yakho.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala enze ukuhlolwa komzimba. Bazokunaka ngokukhethekile ukuthi amaphaphu akho azwakala kanjani lapho uphefumula.

Bazobe sebethatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi benze ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokunwaya noma ngokuhlaba isikhumba ngezingxenyana zezinhlobo ezahlukene zesikhunta. Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala noma ukusabela ekubunjweni okumnyama, kungenzeka ukuthi unenkinga yokungezwani nakho.

Udokotela wakho futhi angaqhuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa ukuphendula kwamasosha akho omzimba ezinhlotsheni ezithile zesikhunta. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-radioallergosorbent (RAST) test.

Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?

Ezinye izinto zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuphendula isikhunta esimnyama.

• ubudala (abancane kakhulu noma abadala kakhulu)
• isikhunta somzimba
• ezinye izifo ezithinta amaphaphu nohlelo lokuphefumula
• ezinye izimo zezempilo ezibeka engcupheni amasosha akho omzimba

Yini ukwelashwa kokuvezwa isikhunta esimnyama?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekuphenduleni kwakho nokuthi uvezwe isikhathi esingakanani. Uma isikhunta esimnyama sikugulisile, bona udokotela ukuze unakekelwe ngokuqhubekayo kuze kube yilapho umzimba wakho uphulukiswa ekuvezeni izinhlamvu zesikhunta esimnyama.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuphendula kwisikhunta esimnyama ukungezwani komzimba nomnyama.

Uma ubhekene nokungezwani komzimba, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho uphinde uphathe izimpawu zakho. Ngenkathi lungekho ikhambi lamanje lokwaliwa yisikhunta, kunemithi ongayithatha ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthatha le mithi elandelayo:

• Ama-antihistamine. Le mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukulunywa, ukuthimula, nekhala eligijimayo ngokuvimba i-histamine yamakhemikhali ekhishwe ngumzimba wakho ngesikhathi sokungazwani komzimba. Amanye ama-antihistamine ajwayelekile e-over-the-counter (OTC) afaka i-loratadine (Alavert, Claritin), i-fexofenadine (i-Allegra Allergy) ne-cetirizine (i-Xyzal Allergy 24hr, i-Zyrtec Allergy). Zitholakala futhi ngodokotela njengezifutho zamakhala.
• Izifutho zamakhala ezicindezelayo. Le mithi, efana ne-oxymetazoline (Afrin), ingasetshenziswa izinsuku ezimbalwa ukusula izindinyana zakho zamakhala.
• Ama-corticosteroids acinene. Izifutho zamakhala eziqukethe le mithi zinciphisa ukuvuvukala ohlelweni lwakho lokuphefumula futhi zingaphatha ukungezwani komzimba omnyama. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-corticosteroids acinene zihlanganisa i-ciclesonide (i-Omnaris, i-Zetonna), i-fluticasone (i-Xhance), i-mometasone (i-Nasonex), i-triamcinolone, ne-budesonide (i-Rhinocort).
• Ama-decongestants omlomo. Le mithi itholakala nge-OTC futhi ifaka imikhiqizo efana neSudafed neDrixoral.
• IMontelukast (Singulair). Leli thebulethi livimba amakhemikhali omzimba omzimba abangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengesikhunta esingeqile. Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele zingatholakali, ngenxa (efana nemicabango yokuzibulala nezenzo).

Abanye odokotela bangaphinde bancome ukuhlanzwa kwamakhala noma i-sinus flush. Idivayisi ekhethekile, njengebhodwe le-neti, ingasiza ukusula ikhala lakho lezinto ezicasulayo njengezinhlamvu zesikhunta. Ungathola izimbiza ze-neti esitolo sakho sendawo noma ku-inthanethi.

Sebenzisa kuphela amanzi apholile akhishwe noma abilisiwe, noma amabhodlela, amanzi anenzalo ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlanza idivayisi yakho yokunisela ngamanzi oyinyumba bese uyomisa ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa ngakunye.

Ungaligcina kanjani ikhaya lakho liphephile kwisikhunta esimnyama

Uma uphendula isikhunta esimnyama ekhaya lakho, ungathatha izinyathelo zokususa isikhunta ekhaya lakho.

Uzokwazi ukukhomba isikhunta esimnyama ngokubonakala kwaso okumnyama nokuchachamba. Isikhunta naso sivame ukuba nephunga elimnandi. Kuvame ukukhula:

• phezu kwezihlambi
• ngaphansi kosinki
• eziqandisini
• ezindlini ezingaphansi
• ngaphakathi kwamayunithi wokupholisa umoya

Uma ubona inani elincane lesikhunta, imvamisa ungalisusa ngesifutho esikhipha isikhunta. Ungasebenzisa futhi isisombululo se-bleach se-1 inkomishi yensimbi yasendlini ku-1 amalitha amanzi.

Uma kunesikhunta esimnyama esiningi ekhaya lakho, qasha uchwepheshe ukuze asisuse. Uma uqasha, tshela umninikhaya wakho ngesikhunta ukuze bakwazi ukuqasha uchwepheshe.

Ochwepheshe besikhunta bangakhomba zonke izindawo lapho isikhunta sikhula khona nokuthi singasuswa kanjani kangcono. Ungadinga ukushiya ikhaya lakho ngesikhathi sokususwa kwesikhunta uma ukukhula kwesikhunta kukhulu kakhulu.

Lapho usususile isikhunta esimnyama ekhaya lakho, ungasiza ukusinqanda ukuthi singakhuli futhi ngo:

• ukuhlanza nokumisa noma yimaphi amanzi agcwala ikhaya lakho
• ukulungisa izicabha ezivuzayo, amapayipi, uphahla namawindi
• ukugcina amazinga omswakama ekhaya lakho ephansi nge-dehumidifier
• ukugcina indawo yakho yokugeza, yokuwasha neyokupheka ingena umoya

Ukuthatha

Isikhunta esimnyama kungenzeka singabulali kakhulu, kepha singenza abanye abantu bagule. Uma uphendula ngesikhunta esimnyama, bheka udokotela wakho ukuze anqume ukuthi ngabe unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha esibangela izimpawu zakho.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokumisa ukusabela ekubunjweni okumnyama ukuyisusa endlini yakho bese uyivimbela ukuthi ingakhuli emuva ngokugcina umswakama wasendlini ungasebenzi.