Umdlavuza wesibindi: izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ezingakhombisa umdlavuza
• Yini okufanele uyenze uma kukhona okusolisayo
• Ubani osengozini enkulu
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Yiziphi izinhlobo

Umdlavuza wesibindi wuhlobo lwesimila esibi esivela kumaseli akha isibindi, njengama-hepatocyte, ama-bile ducts noma imithambo yegazi, futhi ngokuvamile sinolaka impela. Kungadala izimpawu, ezivame ukuvela ezigabeni ezithuthuke kakhulu zesifo, futhi kufaka phakathi ubuhlungu esiswini, isicanucanu, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ukuncipha komzimba namehlo aphuzi.

Abantu abanamafutha esibindi, isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi noma abasebenzisa ama-anabolic steroids basengozini enkulu yokuthola lo mdlavuza, ovame ukukhonjwa ngokuhlolwa kwesisu, njenge-ultrasound noma i-tomography, okwazi ukuthola amaqhuqhuva owodwa noma amaningi esibindi.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kuya ngosayizi nobukhulu becala ngalinye, futhi amathuba okwelashwa makhulu uma isimila sitholwa kusenesikhathi, ezigabeni zokuqala. Lapho kungasakwazi ukufeza ikhambi lomdlavuza wesibindi, isikhathi sokusinda cishe siyiminyaka eyi-5, kepha leli nani lingahluka ngokuya ngezinga lesifo kanye nezinye izifo zesiguli.

Izimpawu ezingakhombisa umdlavuza

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ezingavela kumdlavuza wesibindi zifaka:

1. Ubuhlungu esiswini, ikakhulukazi ngakwesokudla kwesisu;
2. Ukuvuvukala kwesisu;
3. Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala;
4. Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
5. Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
6. Isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo;
7. Ukugula kwasolwandle njalo.

Ngeshwa, lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela lapho umdlavuza usuvele ukhule kahle, ngakho-ke, ezimweni eziningi, umdlavuza wesibindi ungatholwa esigabeni esithuthukile, esinciphisa amathuba akho okwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kunezinto eziyingozi, njengokuphuza ngokweqile noma isifo sesibindi, kubalulekile ukuthi ubonane njalo nodokotela be-hepatologist ukuhlola njalo isibindi futhi ubone noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingase zivele.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma kukhona okusolisayo

Ezimweni lapho kuvela khona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, noma kunezinto eziningi eziyingozi, kungakuhle ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wezifo zemvelo ukuze ahlolelwe ukuxilongwa, njenge-ultrasound yesisu, i-CT scan noma i-MRI, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini ushintsho olungakhombisa ubukhona yendawo noma i-nodule ephakamisa isimila.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akusona sonke isigaxa noma umqubuko esibindini okhombisa umdlavuza, futhi kufanele ulinde udokotela ukuthi ahlaziye izici zawo, futhi ungaphetha ngokuthi ngabe kukhona ubungozi noma cha. Uma kutholakala izinguquko ezisolisayo, udokotela angayalela ukubhalwa kwesicucu sesibindi, ukuhlola elebhu ukuthi kunamaseli omdlavuza esithombeni. Qonda lapho i-cyst esesibindi iyingozi.

Ezimweni ezingasoli kangako, kuyanconywa ukuthi kuphindwe ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile, njalo ngonyaka noma njalo eminyakeni emi-3, ngokuya ngecala ngalinye, ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi ngabe kukhona ukukhula noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezici ezintsha ezingakhombisa umdlavuza.

Ubani osengozini enkulu

Yize noma ngubani engaba nomdlavuza wesibindi, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame kakhulu kubantu abane:

• Ukutheleleka okungapheli nge-Hepatitis B noma i-Hepatitis C;
• Ukuqina kwesibindi;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-anabolic steroids;
• Isifo sikashukela;
• Amafutha wesibindi;
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacala e-ulcerative colitis noma we-long sclerosing cholangitis nawo angakha umdlavuza wesibindi kalula.

Yelashwa kanjani

Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibindi kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe yonke indawo ethintekile. Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi uthole i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze wehlise usayizi womdlavuza futhi wenze lula ukuthi ususwe.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho umdlavuza ukhule kakhulu noma usakazeka kwezinye izitho, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kungasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuzama ukuqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.

Uma kunesinye isifo, njenge-cirrhosis, ukususa ingxenye yesibindi kungaba nzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angancoma ukufakelwa kwesibindi ukuzama ukuthola ikhambi. Funda kabanzi ngale ndlela yokwelashwa.

Yiziphi izinhlobo

Umdlavuza wesibindi ungaba ngowokuqala, okungukuthi, uma uvela ngqo esibindini, noma ungaba owesibili, nge-metastasis noma ukusabalala komdlavuza kusuka kwezinye izitho, njengamaphaphu, isisu, amathumbu noma isifuba, ngokwesibonelo.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza oyinhloko wesibindi yi-hepatocarcinoma noma i-hepatocellular carcinoma, nayo enolaka kakhulu, futhi luvela kumaseli amakhulu akha isibindi, abizwa ngokuthi ama-hepatocyte. Esinye isimila esivamile esiyinhloko yi-cholangiocarcinoma, esivela emigodini ye-bile. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa komdlavuza we-bile duct.

Ezinye izinhlobo zesimila ezihlanganisa i-fibrolamellar variant liver carcinoma, i-angiosarcoma noma i-hepatoblastoma, ngokwesibonelo.