Ukuboshwa Kwenhliziyo Okungazelelwe

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Kuyini ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?
• Ngabe ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe (SCA) kuhluke kanjani ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo?
• Yini ebangela ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe (i-SCA)?
• Ngubani osengozini yokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?
• Kutholakala kanjani ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (SCA)?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa zokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga ukuthi othile ubene-SCA?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ngemuva kokusinda ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo (i-SCA)?
• Ngabe ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA) kungavinjelwa?

Isifinyezo

Kuyini ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?

Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe (i-SCA) yisimo lapho inhliziyo iyeka ukushaya ngokungazelelwe. Uma lokho kwenzeka, igazi liyayeka ukugeleza liye ebuchosheni nakwezinye izitho ezibalulekile. Uma ingalashwa, i-SCA ivame ukudala ukufa kungakapheli nemizuzu. Kodwa ukwelashwa okusheshayo nge-defibrillator kungasindisa impilo.

Ngabe ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe (SCA) kuhluke kanjani ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo?

Isifo senhliziyo sihlukile kwi-SCA. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya enhliziyweni kuvinjelwe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, inhliziyo ngokuvamile ayiyeki ngokuzumayo ukushaya. Nge-SCA, inhliziyo iyema ukushaya.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-SCA ingenzeka ngemuva noma ngesikhathi sokululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo.

Yini ebangela ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe (i-SCA)?

Inhliziyo yakho inohlelo lukagesi olulawula izinga nesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. I-SCA ingenzeka lapho uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo lungasebenzi kahle futhi lubangele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kubizwa ngokuthi ama-arrhythmias. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Kungadala ukuthi inhliziyo ishaye kakhulu, yehle kakhulu, noma ngesigqi esingajwayelekile. Ezinye zingadala ukuthi inhliziyo iyeke ukumpompa igazi emzimbeni; lolu uhlobo oludala i-SCA.

Izifo nezimo ezithile kungadala izinkinga zikagesi eziholela ku-SCA. Zihlanganisa

• I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular, uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia lapho ama-ventricles (amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo) engashayi ngokujwayelekile. Esikhundleni salokho, bashaya ngokukhulu ukushesha nangokungajwayelekile. Abakwazi ukumpompa igazi emzimbeni. Lokhu kubangela ama-SCA amaningi.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi (CAD), esibizwa nangokuthi ischemic heart disease. I-CAD yenzeka lapho imithambo yenhliziyo ingakwazi ukuletha igazi elanele le-oxygen enhliziyweni. Imvamisa kubangelwa ukwakheka kocwecwe, into emuncu, ngaphakathi kolwelwesi lwemithambo emikhulu yenhliziyo. Lolu qweqwe luvimba okunye noma lonke ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni.
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze ukucindezeleka komzimba kungadala ukuthi uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho lwehluleke, njenge
  • Umsebenzi omkhulu womzimba lapho umzimba wakho ukhipha khona i-hormone adrenaline. Le hormone ingadala i-SCA kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo.
  • Amazinga egazi aphansi kakhulu we-potassium noma i-magnesium. Lawa amaminerali adlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho.
  • Ukwehla kwegazi okukhulu
  • Ukuntuleka okukhulu komoya-mpilo
• Ukuphazamiseka okuthile okuzuzwe njengefa ezingadala i-arrhythmias noma izinkinga ngesakhiwo senhliziyo yakho
• Izinguquko zesakhiwo enhliziyweni, njengenhliziyo ekhulisiwe ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo senhliziyo esithuthukile. Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo nakho kungadala ushintsho esakhiweni senhliziyo.

Ngubani osengozini yokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?

Usengozini enkulu ye-SCA uma

• Unesifo semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD). Iningi labantu abane-SCA bane-CAD. Kodwa i-CAD imvamisa ayizibangeli izimpawu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka zingazi ukuthi zinayo.
• Bakhulile; ingozi yakho iyanda ngokukhula
• Ingabe uyindoda; kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane
• Ingabe amaBlack noma ama-African American, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izimo ezinjengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma isifo sezinso esingapheliyo
• Umlando womuntu siqu we-arrhythmia
• Umlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni we-SCA noma ukuphazamiseka okuzuzwe njengefa okungadala i-arrhythmia
• Ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo

Ziyini izimpawu zokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?

Imvamisa, uphawu lokuqala lwe-SCA ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (ukuquleka). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo iyeka ukushaya.

Abanye abantu bangaba nokushaya kwenhliziyo okugijimayo noma bazizwe benesiyezi noma benekhanda elikhanyayo ngaphambi nje kokuba baquleke. Futhi kwesinye isikhathi abantu baba nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza ngehora ngaphambi kokuba babe ne-SCA.

Kutholakala kanjani ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (SCA)?

I-SCA yenzeka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso futhi idinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Abahlinzeki bezempilo abavamisile ukuxilonga i-SCA ngezivivinyo zezokwelapha njengoba kwenzeka. Esikhundleni salokho, kuvame ukutholakala ngemuva kokuthi kwenzeke. Abahlinzeki benza lokhu ngokunqabela ezinye izimbangela zokuwa okungazelelwe komuntu.

Uma usengozini enkulu ye-SCA, umhlinzeki wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wenhliziyo, udokotela ogxile ezifweni zenhliziyo. Udokotela wenhliziyo angakucela ukuthi uthole izivivinyo ezehlukene zezempilo yenhliziyo ukuze ubone ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani. Uzosebenzisana nawe ukunquma ukuthi ngabe uyakudinga yini ukwelashwa ukuvimbela i-SCA.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa zokuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA)?

I-SCA yisimo esiphuthumayo. Umuntu one-SCA udinga ukwelashwa nge-defibrillator zisuka nje. I-defibrillator iyithuluzi elithumela ugesi enhliziyweni. Ukushaqeka kukagesi kungabuyisa isigqi esijwayelekile enhliziyweni eyekile ukushaya. Ukuze kusebenze kahle, kudinga ukwenziwa kungakapheli imizuzu ye-SCA.

Iningi lamaphoyisa, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha eziphuthumayo, nabanye abaphenduli bokuqala baqeqeshiwe futhi bahlonyiselwa ukusebenzisa i-defibrillator. Shayela u-9-1-1 ngokushesha uma othile enezimpawu noma izimpawu ze-SCA. Ngokushesha lapho ucela usizo, ukwelashwa okusindisa impilo kungaqala ngokushesha.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga ukuthi othile ubene-SCA?

Izindawo eziningi zomphakathi ezifana nezikole, amabhizinisi kanye nezikhumulo zezindiza ziye zasebenzisa ama-defibrillator angaphandle (ama-AED). Ama-AED ngama-defibrillator akhethekile angasetshenziswa ngabantu abangaqeqeshiwe uma becabanga ukuthi othile ubene-SCA. Ama-AEDS ahlelwe ukuthi anikeze amandla kagesi uma ethola i-arrhythmia eyingozi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukunikeza ukwethuka kothile okungenzeka ukuthi uqulekile kodwa engenayo i-SCA.

Uma ubona umuntu ocabanga ukuthi ubene-SCA, kufanele unikeze ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary (CPR) kuze kube kwenziwa i-defibrillation.

Abantu abasengozini ye-SCA bangafuna ukucabanga ngokuba ne-AED ekhaya. Buza udokotela wenhliziyo yakho ukuthi akusize unqume ukuthi ukuba ne-AED ekhaya lakho kungakusiza yini.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ngemuva kokusinda ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo (i-SCA)?

Uma usinda ku-SCA, cishe uzongeniswa esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokwelashwa. Esibhedlela, iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizobheka kakhulu inhliziyo yakho. Bangakunika imithi yokuzama ukunciphisa ubungozi benye i-SCA.

Bazozama futhi ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangele i-SCA yakho. Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo se-coronary artery, ungahle ube nokuhlinzwa kwe-angioplasty noma i-coronary artery. Lezi zinqubo zisiza ukubuyisa ukugeleza kwegazi ngemithambo yenhliziyo emincane noma evinjiwe.

Imvamisa, abantu abane-SCA bathola idivayisi ebizwa nge-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Le divayisi encane ifakwe ngokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba esifubeni noma esiswini sakho. I-ICD isebenzisa ukushaya kukagesi noma ukushaqeka ukusiza ukulawula ama-arrhythmias ayingozi.

Ngabe ukuboshwa okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo (i-SCA) kungavinjelwa?

Ungakwazi ukwehlisa ubungozi be-SCA ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Uma une-coronary artery disease noma esinye isifo senhliziyo, ukwelapha leso sifo kunganciphisa nengozi yakho ye-SCA. Uma uke waba ne-SCA, ukuthola i-cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) engafakelwa kunganciphisa ithuba lakho lokuthola enye i-SCA.

I-NIH: I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute