Yini Ebangela Ukuhuda Okuhambisanayo Nokuhlanza, Nendlela Yokwelapha

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izimbangela zokuhlanza nokuhuda ngasikhathi sinye
• I-gastroenteritis yegciwane
• Ubuthi bokudla
• Uhudo lomhambi
• Ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukudla ngokweqile noma ukuphuza ngokweqile
• Imithi
• Ukuhlanza nokuhuda ngaphandle kwemfiva
• Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni nezinye izingozi
• Ukwelashwa nokuhlanza nokuhuda
• Ikhambi lasekhaya lokuhlanza nokuhuda
• Imishanguzo yokuphalaza nokuhuda nokwelashwa
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Izingane
• Abantu abadala
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

Uhudo nokuhlanza yizimpawu ezijwayelekile ezithinta abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, kusukela ezinganeni nasezinsaneni kuya kwabadala. Isikhathi esiningi, lezi zimpawu ezimbili ziwumphumela wesiphazamiso esiswini noma ukudla okunobuthi futhi zixazululwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukuphumula nokuphuza uketshezi oluningi ukugwema ukuphelelwa amandla emzimbeni ngokuvamile kuyindlela kuphela yokwelashwa edingekayo.

Yize igciwane livame ukuba yimbangela, kunezinye izinto ezingadala uhudo nokuhlanza ngasikhathi sinye, njengezimo ezithile zezokwelapha nemithi.

Izimbangela zokuhlanza nokuhuda ngasikhathi sinye

Ukuhlanza nokuhuda kungenzeka ngasikhathi sinye ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Igciwane lesisu noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane emathunjini (GI) kuyimbangela enkulu ezinganeni. Umgudu wamathumbu uyingxenye yohlelo lokugaya ukudla.

Lezi zifo zingathinta nabantu abadala, kepha kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani umuntu omdala engathola lezi zimpawu ngasikhathi sinye, njengokuphuza kakhulu utshwala noma ukukhulelwa.

I-gastroenteritis yegciwane

I-virus gastroenteritis ukutheleleka emathunjini akho okubangelwa igciwane. I-virus gastroenteritis ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi umkhuhlane wesisu, kepha amagciwane omkhuhlane awazibangeli lezi zifo. Amagciwane avame ukudala i-gastroenteritis afaka:

• norovirus
• i-rotavirus
• i-astrovirus
• adenovirus

Yize wonke lawa magciwane engathinta abantu banoma yimiphi iminyaka, lawa amathathu okugcina avame ukutheleleka ezinganeni nasezinsaneni ngokusho kweNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).

Lawa magciwane adluliselwa esuka komunye nomuntu ngokuthintana nesitokisi esinegciwane kanye nokuhlanza. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umuntu onegciwane engazigezi izandla zakhe kahle ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, abese ethinta izindawo ezisetshenziswa abanye abantu noma alungiselele abanye ukudla.

Izimpawu ze-viral gastroenteritis zifaka:

• uhudo lwamanzi
• ubuhlungu besisu nokuqaqamba
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• umkhuhlane (ngezikhathi ezithile)

Ubuthi bokudla

Ubuthi bokudla ukutheleleka esiswini sakho okubangelwa amagciwane. Uthola ukudla okunoshevu ngokudla ukudla okungcolisiwe. Lokhu kungenzeka ekhaya noma ezindaweni zokudlela lapho ukudla kusingathwa ngendlela engafanele noma kungaphekiwe kahle.

Amagciwane amaningi angadala ubuthi ekudleni, kufaka phakathi:

• E. coli
• I-Campylobacter
• Salmonella
• I-Staphylococcus
• Shigella
• IListeria

Izimpawu zokudla okunobuthi zingaqala kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ukudla kokudla okungcolile futhi kuvame ukuxazululwa emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Uhudo lwamanzi nokuhlanza yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu zobuthi ekudleni.

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• isicanucanu
• amajaqamba esiswini nobuhlungu
• uhudo olunegazi
• imfiva

Uhudo lomhambi

Uhudo lomhambi luyisifo sokugaya ukudla esivame ukubangelwa amagciwane, izimuncagazi, noma amabhaktheriya asetshenziswa emanzini noma ekudleni. Kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke lapho uvakashela indawo enesimo sezulu esihlukile noma imikhuba yokukhucululwa kwendle kunaleyo oyijwayele ekhaya.

Bheka izikhungo zeCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ukuze ubone ukuthi asikho yini isaziso sezempilo sezifunda osanda kuya kuzo.

Lesi sifo ngokuvamile siyaphela kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu. Uhudo lwamanzi namajaqamba yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu, kepha isifo sohudo somhambi naso singadala:

• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukuqumba (igesi)
• ukuqunjelwa
• imfiva
• isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu

Ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwamathumbu kuthonywa yingcindezi nokuthi ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kuvame ukudala izimpawu eziningi ezihlobene nesisu, kufaka phakathi:

• isifo sohudo
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukuqunjelwa
• ukugaya ukudla
• isilungulela

Ama-hormone okucindezela akhishwe ngumzimba wakho ahamba kancane esiswini nasemathunjini amancane, futhi abangela ukwanda kokunyakaza emathunjini akho amakhulu.

Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka nakho kuye kwaba ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuleni kwe-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), kanye nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD). Lokho kufaka phakathi isifo sikaCrohn nesifo sofuba.

Ukukhulelwa

Umzimba wakho uhamba ngezinguquko eziningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukugula kwasekuseni kuyimbangela ejwayelekile yokuhlanza ekukhulelweni. Naphezu kwegama laso, ukugula kwasekuseni kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kuthinta abesifazane abakhulelwe abayisikhombisa kwabangu-10, imvamisa emavikini ayi-14 okuqala okukhulelwa.

Abanye besifazane baba ne-hyperemesis gravidarum, okuyisimo esidala isicanucanu nokuhlanza okukhulu.

Uhudo nokuhlanza lapho ukhulelwe kungadalwa ukushintsha kokudla, ukushintsha kwamahomoni, nokuzwela kokudla okusha. Amavithamini abeletha nawo abangela isifo sohudo kwabanye abantu.

Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa futhi yi-gastroenteritis, ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukudla ngokweqile noma ukuphuza ngokweqile

Ukuzitika ngokweqile ngokudla noma ngesiphuzo kungadala isifo sohudo nokuhlanza, kanye ne:

• umuzwa wokugcwala okungakhululekile
• ukugaya ukudla
• ukubopha
• isilungulela

Uhlobo lokudla okudlayo nakho kubalulekile. Ukudla inani elikhulu lokudla okunamafutha noma okunoshukela kungacasula isisu sakho futhi kubangele uhudo nokuhlanza.

Ukudla ngokweqile kunamathuba amaningi okudala lezi zimpawu uma usuvele unesimo samathumbu, njenge-IBS, izilonda zesisu, i-acid reflux, ne-GERD.

Utshwala bubangela isifo sohudo ngokusheshisa ukugaya, okuvimba ikholoni lakho ekumunceni amanzi ngokufanele. Ngisho ukuphuza kancane utshwala kungaba nalo mphumela.

Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungadala isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-alcoholism gastritis, nokuyinto ecasulayo ulwelwesi lwesisu. I-gastritis enamandla kungenzeka ngemuva kokuzitika ngophuzo noma ibe yindlala kubantu abaphuza utshwala njalo.

Izimpawu ze-gastritis zifaka:

• ubuhlungu besisu noma ukushisa
• ukuhlanza nokuhlanza
• ukuqunjelwa
• ukuvuselelwa
• izimpawu ezithuthukayo noma eziba nzima ngemuva kokudla, kuya ngokudla

Imithi

Uhudo nokuhlanza yimiphumela emibi yemithi eminingi. Abanye kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi babangele lezi zimpawu kunezinye. Lokhu kungenxa yendlela umuthi osebenza ngayo noma ngoba uqukethe izithasiselo ezicasula isisu.

Ubudala bakho, impilo yakho yonke, kanye neminye imishanguzo ongayithatha nayo ingakhuphula ubungozi bemiphumela emibi.

Imithi evame ukudala uhudo nokuhlanza ibandakanya:

• ama-antibiotic athile
• izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (i-NSAIDS), njenge-ibuprofen (Advil) ne-aspirin (iBufferin)
• izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali
• i-metformin (iGlucophage, i-Fortamet)

Enye indlela ama-antibiotic angabangela ukuhlanza nokuhuda ukubulala amagciwane "amahle" ajwayele ukuhlala kupheshana lakho le-GI. Lokhu kuvumela amagciwane abiziwe IClostridium difficile ukukhula ngokweqile, okungaholela ezimpawu ezifana nobuthi obukhulu bokudla.

Ukuthatha imithi ngokudla kwesinye isikhathi kungakhulula izimpawu. Khuluma nodokotela mayelana nendlela engcono yokuphuza imithi yakho.

Ukuhlanza nokuhuda ngaphandle kwemfiva

Ukuhlanza nokuhuda okwenzeka ngaphandle komkhuhlane kungabangelwa:

• ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka
• imithi
• ukudla ukudla kakhulu noma utshwala
• ukukhulelwa

Amacala amancane we-viral gastroenteritis nawo angadala uhudo nokuhlanza ngaphandle komkhuhlane.

Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni nezinye izingozi

Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kuyinkinga yenkinga yohudo nokuhlanza futhi kwenzeka lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi. Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kungavimbela amangqamuzana akho, izicubu, nezitho zomzimba ekusebenzeni kahle, okuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi ukushaqeka nokufa.

Ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni kungalashwa ekhaya, kepha ukuphelelwa amandla kakhulu emzimbeni kudinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo esibhedlela.

Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ezinganeni, ezisacathula, nasezinganeni zifaka:

• ukoma
• ukuchama ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, noma amahora amathathu noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle kwenabukeni elimanzi
• umlomo owomile
• azikho izinyembezi lapho kukhala
• ukungabi namandla
• izihlathi noma amehlo acwile
• umlomo owomile
• ukuncipha kwesikhumba (ukuqina)

Izimpawu kubantu abadala zifaka:

• ukoma ngokweqile
• umlomo owomile
• uchame kancane kunokujwayelekile
• umchamo onombala omnyama
• ubumhlophe
• ukukhathala
• ukuncipha kwesikhumba
• amehlo acijile noma izihlathi

Ukwelashwa nokuhlanza nokuhuda

Isikhathi esiningi, ukuhlanza nokuhuda kuzoxazulula ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya nemithi kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zakho futhi kugweme ukoma.

Ikhambi lasekhaya lokuhlanza nokuhuda

Nazi izindlela ongaphatha ngazo ukuhlanza kanye nohudo ekhaya ukugwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni:

• Thola ukuphumula okuningi.
• Gwema ukucindezeleka.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi olucacile njengamanzi, umhluzi, ama-sodas acacile, neziphuzo zezemidlalo.
• Yidla iziqhumane zikasawoti.
• Landela ukudla kwe-BRAT, okuqukethe ukudla okungekho emthethweni.
• Gwema ukudla okunamafutha, okubabayo, noma okunamafutha noshukela omningi.
• Gwema ubisi.
• Gwema i-caffeine.
• Geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi njalo.

Landela lezi zeluleko zezingane nezinsana:

• Nikeza ingane yakho ukudla okuphansi kaningi kaningi uma kudingeka.
• Nikeza ama-sips amanzi phakathi kwefomula noma ukudla okuqinile.
• Banikeze isisombululo somlomo sokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni njengePedialyte.

Imishanguzo yokuphalaza nokuhuda nokwelashwa

Kunemithi yokwelapha (i-OTC) kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zohudo nokuhlanza. Ngenkathi ngokuvamile kuphephile kubantu abadala, imishanguzo ye-OTC akufanele ithathwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela kuqala.

Imithi ye-OTC ifaka phakathi:

• i-bismuthsubsalicylate (i-Pepto-Bismol, iKaopectate)
• i-loperamide (Imodium)
• izidakamizwa ze-antiemetic, njengeDramamine neGravol

Udokotela angancoma ama-antibiotic ukwelapha ukuhlanza nokuhuda okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane (ukudla okunoshevu).

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Kwesinye isikhathi kungadingeka ukwelashwa ukuze uhudo kanye nokuhlanza.

Izingane

Yisa ingane yakho kudokotela uma:

• bangaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 futhi bakhombisa izimpawu zokoma
• uhudo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa noma uhlanza izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili
• abakwazi ukugcina uketshezi phansi
• bangaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ngokushisa okungu-100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• zinezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 ezinokushisa okungu-102.2 ° F (39 ° C)

Thatha ingane yakho uye nayo egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo uma:

• babe nezimpawu zokwehla emzimbeni ngemuva kokusebenzisa isisombululo somlomo sokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni
• banegazi emchameni noma esitulweni sabo
• ube nokuhlanza okuluhlaza noma okuphuzi
• zibuthakathaka kakhulu ukuthi zikwazi ukuma

Abantu abadala

Bheka udokotela uma:

• uqhubeka uhlanza futhi awukwazi ukugcina uketshezi phansi
• zisenamanzi emzimbeni ngemuva kokufaka kabusha oketshezi noketshezi lomlomo
• uhudo olunegazi noma ukuphuma kwegazi
• ukuhlanza kwakho kuphuzi noma kuluhlaza
• unesifo sohudo esihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa noma ohlanza ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili

Ukuthatha

Isikhathi esiningi, isifo sohudo nokuhlanza kungenxa yesiphazamiso esiswini bese kuzikhanyela ngokwakho ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukuthola uketshezi oluningi nokudla i-bland diet kungasiza.

Bheka iso lezimpawu zokuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nasezinsaneni ezingakwazi ukukhuluma ngemizwa yazo. Khuluma nodokotela uma wena noma ingane yakho unezimpawu noma izimpawu ezinzima ezihlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.