Izimbangela eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko ze-Alzheimer's nokuthi ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• 1. Izakhi zofuzo
• 2. Ukwakhiwa kwamaprotheni ebuchosheni
• 3. Ncipha ku-neurotransmitter acetylcholine
• 4. Ubungozi kwezemvelo
• 5. Igciwane le-Herpes
• Ungayixilonga kanjani
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Alzheimer's Rapid. Thatha ukuhlolwa noma uthole ukuthi iyini ingozi yakho yokuba nalesi sifo.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Alzheimer's

Isifo i-Alzheimer's uhlobo lwesifo sokuduka komqondo esidala ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwama-neuron obuchopho nemisebenzi engasebenzi kahle yokuqonda, njengokukhumbula, ukunaka, ulimi, ukuma, ukubona, ukucabanga nokucabanga. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ziyini izimpawu, bheka izimpawu eziyisixwayiso sesifo i-Alzheimer's.

Kunemibono ethile yokuzama ukuzama ukukhombisa ukuthi yini ebanga lesi sifo, futhi echaza eziningi zezimpawu ezivela ngesikhathi sikhula, kepha kuyaziwa ukuthi i-Alzheimer's ihlobene nokuhlanganiswa kwezimbangela eziningi ezibandakanya izakhi zofuzo nezinye izinto eziyingozi njengokuguga ., ukungasebenzi komzimba, ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda nokubhema, isibonelo.

Ngakho-ke izimbangela ezinkulu zesifo se-Alzheimer yilezi:

1. Izakhi zofuzo

Izinguquko zikhonjisiwe kwezinye zofuzo, ezinomthelela ekusebenzeni kobuchopho, njenge-APP, apoE, PSEN1 kanye ne-PSEN2 genes, ngokwesibonelo, okubonakala ngathi kuhlobene nezilonda ezikuma-neurons eziholela esifo i-Alzheimer's, kepha akukaziwa ncamashi okunquma ushintsho.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, amacala angaphansi kwengxenye alesi sifo abangelwa yifa, okungukuthi, lidluliselwa ngabazali bomuntu noma ogogo nomkhulu, okuwumndeni i-Alzheimer's, owenzeka kubantu abasha, abaneminyaka engama-40 kuye kwengama-50, abanokuningi ngokushesha okukhulu. Abantu abathintekayo kulokhu kwehlukahluka kwe-Alzheimer's banamathuba angama-50% okudlulisela lesi sifo ezinganeni zabo.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, nokho, i-Alzheimer's sporadic, engahlobene nomndeni futhi eyenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60, kodwa kusenobunzima ekutholeni imbangela yalesi simo.

2. Ukwakhiwa kwamaprotheni ebuchosheni

Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi abantu abanesifo i-Alzheimer banenqwaba yamaprotheni abuthakathaka, abizwa nge-Beta-amyloid protein ne-Tau protein, adala ukuvuvukala, ukuhleleka nokucekelwa phansi kwamangqamuzana e-neuronal, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zobuchopho ezibizwa nge-hippocampus ne-cortex.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi lezi zinguquko zithonywe izakhi zofuzo ezikhonjisiwe, kepha, akukatholakali ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu kunqwabelana, nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ukuvimbela, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-Alzheimer's akukakabi itholakele.

3. Ncipha ku-neurotransmitter acetylcholine

I-Acetylcholine iyi-neurotransmitter ebalulekile ekhishwe ama-neurons, enendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekudluliseni imizwa yezinzwa ebuchosheni nokuyivumela ukuthi isebenze kahle.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi, kwisifo i-Alzheimer's, i-acetylcholine iyancipha futhi ama-neurons ayikhiqizayo ayawohloka, kepha imbangela ayikaziwa.Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukwelashwa kwamanje okukhona kwalesi sifo ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi e-anticholinesterase, njengeDonepezila, iGalantamina neRivastigmina, esebenza ukukhulisa inani lalesi sidakamizwa, okuthi, yize singalapheki, sibambezele ukuqhubeka kwesifo sokuwohloka komqondo futhi sithuthukise izimpawu .

4. Ubungozi kwezemvelo

Noma kunezingozi ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo, i-Alzheimer's sporadic nayo izibonakalisa ngenxa yezimo ezithonywe yimikhuba yethu, futhi edala ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni, njenge:

• Ama-radicals wamahhala owengeziwe, enqwabelana emzimbeni wethu ngenxa yokungondleki okunganele, okunotha ngoshukela, amafutha nokudla okusetshenzisiwe, ngaphezu kwemikhuba efana nokubhema, ukungazijwayezi umzimba nokuphila ngaphansi kwengcindezi;
• I-cholesterol ephezulu kwandisa amathuba okuba ne-Alzheimer's, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulawula lesi sifo ngemithi ye-cholesterol, njenge-simvastatin ne-atorvastatin, ngaphezu kokuba esinye sezizathu zokunakekela ukudla nokwenza umkhuba womzimba njalo;
• I-atherosclerosis, okuwukuqoqwa kwamafutha ezitsheni okubangelwa izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol ephezulu nokubhema, kunganciphisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kuye ebuchosheni futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwesifo;
• Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 kuyingozi enkulu yokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ngoba, ngokuguga, umzimba awukwazi ukulungisa izinguquko ezingase zivele kumaseli, okwandisa ingozi yezifo;
• Ukulimala kobuchopho, okwenzeka ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka ekhanda, ezingozini noma ezemidlalo, ngokwesibonelo, noma ngenxa yokushaywa unhlangothi, kwandisa amathuba okubhujiswa kwe-neuron nokukhula kwe-Alzheimer's.
• Ukuvezwa kuzinsimbi ezisindayo, njenge-mercury ne-aluminiumnjengoba ziyizinto ezinobuthi ezinganqwabelana futhi zidale ukulimala ezithweni ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni, kubandakanya nobuchopho.

Ngalezi zizathu, indlela ebalulekile yokugwema isifo i-Alzheimer ukuba nemikhuba yokuphila enempilo, ukhetha ukudla okunothe imifino, nemikhiqizo embalwa esezimbonini, ngaphezu komkhuba wokuzivocavoca umzimba. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izimo zengqondo okufanele ube nazo ukuze uphile impilo ende futhi enempilo.

5. Igciwane le-Herpes

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisile ukuthi enye imbangela ye-Alzheimer's igciwane elibhekene nezilonda ezibandayo, i-HSV-1, engangena emzimbeni ngesikhathi sobuntwana futhi ihlale ilele ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ivuselelwa kuphela ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka kanye nokwenza buthakathaka kohlelo lwe-immunological .

Ososayensi bakhombisa ukuthi abantu abanegciwane le-APOE4 negciwane le-HSV-1 maningi amathuba okuthi babe ne-Alzheimer's. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuguga, kuba buthakathaka amasosha omzimba, angavumela ukufika kwegciwane ebuchosheni, lenziwe lisebenze ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka noma lokwehla kwamasosha omzimba, futhi okuholele ekuqongeleleni i-beta engajwayelekile -amaphrotheni e-amyloid ne-tau, okuyizici ze-Alzheimer's. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onegciwane le-HSV-1 elizoba ne-Alzheimer's.

Ngenxa yokutholakala kobudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwegciwane le-herpes nokuthuthukiswa kwe-Alzheimer's, abacwaningi bebelokhu befuna izindlela zokwelashwa ezingasiza ukubambezela izimpawu ze-Alzheimer noma ukwelapha lesi sifo ngokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane, njenge-Acyclovir, ngokwesibonelo.

Ungayixilonga kanjani

I-Alzheimer's iyasolwa uma kunezimpawu ezibonisa ukukhubazeka kwememori, ikakhulukazi inkumbulo yakamuva, ehlotshaniswa nolunye ushintsho ekucabangeni nasekuziphatheni, okuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njenge:

• Ukudideka kwengqondo;
• Kunzima ngekhanda ukuze ufunde ulwazi olusha;
• Inkulumo ephindaphindwayo;
• Ukwehla kwesilulumagama;
• Ukuthukuthela;
• Ulaka;
• Kunzima ukulala;
• Ukulahleka kokuhlanganiswa kwezimoto;
• Ukunganaki;
• Ukungavumelani kwe-Urinary ne-fecal;
• Ungabazi abantu obaziyo noma umndeni wakho;
• Ukuncika emisebenzini yansuku zonke, njengokuya endlini yangasese, ukugeza, ukusebenzisa ifoni noma ukuyothenga.

Ngokutholakala kwe-Alzheimer's kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokucabanga njengokuhlolwa kweMini kwesimo sengqondo, ukwakhiwa kweWashi, Ukuhlolwa kwethonya lomlomo nokunye ukuhlolwa kweNeuropsychological, okwenziwe ngudokotela wezinzwa noma wezokwelapha.

Futhi unga-oda izivivinyo ezifana ne-MRI yobuchopho ukuthola ushintsho lobuchopho, kanye nokuhlolwa komtholampilo kanye negazi, okungakhipha ezinye izifo ezibanga ukuphazamiseka kwememori, njenge-hypothyroidism, ukudangala, ukushoda kwe-vitamin B12, hepatitis noma i-HIV, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqoqwa kwamaprotheni we-beta-amyloid namaprotheni weTau kungaqinisekiswa ngokuhlola ukuqoqwa koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal, kepha, ngoba kuyabiza, akutholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kwenziwe.

Thatha isivivinyo esisheshayo manje ngokuphendula imibuzo elandelayo engakusiza ukukhomba ubungozi be-Alzheimer's (hhayi ukufaka esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kukadokotela wakho):

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Ukuhlolwa kwe-Alzheimer's Rapid. Thatha ukuhlolwa noma uthole ukuthi iyini ingozi yakho yokuba nalesi sifo.

Qala isivivinyo Ingabe inkumbulo yakho yinhle?

• Nginenkumbulo enhle, yize kukhona ukukhohlwa okuncane okungaphazamisi impilo yami yansuku zonke.
• Kwesinye isikhathi ngikhohlwa izinto ezifana nombuzo abangibuze wona, ngikhohlwa ukuzibophezela nokuthi ngishiye kuphi okhiye.
• Imvamisa ngikhohlwa engikwenzile ekhishini, egumbini lokuphumula, noma ekamelweni lokulala nokuthi bengikwenzani.
• Angikhumbuli imininingwane elula neyakamuva njengegama lomuntu engisanda kuhlangana naye, noma ngabe ngizama kanzima.
• Akunakwenzeka ukukhumbula ukuthi ngikuphi futhi bangobani abantu abangizungezile.

Uyazi ukuthi usuku luni?

• Imvamisa ngiyakwazi ukubona abantu, izindawo nokwazi ukuthi usuku luni.
• Angisalukhumbuli kahle usuku lwanamuhla futhi nginenkinga encane yokugcina izinsuku.
• Angiqiniseki ukuthi iyiphi inyanga, kepha ngiyakwazi ukubona izindawo ezijwayelekile, kepha ngididekile ezindaweni ezintsha futhi ngingalahleka.
• Angisakhumbuli kahle ukuthi angobani amalungu omndeni wami, lapho ngihlala khona futhi angikhumbuli lutho emlandweni wami.
• Engikwaziyo igama lami, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ngikhumbula amagama ezingane zami, abazukulu noma ezinye izihlobo

Ngabe usakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo?

• Ngikwazi ngokuphelele ukuxazulula izinkinga zansuku zonke futhi ngibhekana kahle nezinkinga zomuntu siqu nezezezimali.
• Nginobunzima bokuqonda eminye imiqondo engaqondakali enjengokuthi kungani umuntu engadabuka, ngokwesibonelo.
• Ngizizwa ngingaphephi kancane futhi ngiyesaba ukwenza izinqumo yingakho ngincamela abanye ukuthi banginqumele.
• Angizizwa ngikwazi ukuxazulula noma iyiphi inkinga futhi ukuphela kwesinqumo engisenzayo yilokho engifuna ukukudla.
• Angikwazi ukwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo futhi ngincike ngokuphelele kusizo lwabanye.

Ngabe usaphila impilo esebenzayo ngaphandle kwekhaya?

• Yebo, ngiyakwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile, ngiyathenga, ngiyazibandakanya nomphakathi, isonto namanye amaqembu ezenhlalo.
• Yebo, kodwa sengiqala ukuba nobunzima bokushayela kodwa ngisazizwa ngiphephile futhi ngiyazi ukuthi ngingabhekana kanjani nezimo eziphuthumayo noma izimo ezingahlelwanga.
• Yebo, kepha angikwazi ukuba ngedwa ezimeni ezibalulekile futhi ngidinga umuntu ozongiphelezela ekuzibophezeleni komphakathi ukuze ngikwazi ukubonakala njengomuntu "ojwayelekile" kwabanye.
• Cha, angishiyi indlu ngedwa ngoba anginawo amandla futhi ngihlala ngidinga usizo.
• Cha, angikwazi ukuphuma ngedwa endlini futhi ngiyagula kakhulu ukuthi angikwazi ukwenza kanjalo.

Linjani ikhono lakho ekhaya?

• Kuhle. Ngisenayo imisebenzi yasendlini, nginezinto zokuzilibazisa nezinto engizithandayo.
• Angisazizwa ngifuna ukwenza noma yini ekhaya, kepha uma bephikelela, ngingazama ukwenza okuthile.
• Ngayiyeka ngokuphelele imisebenzi yami, kanye nezinto zokuzilibazisa nezintshisekelo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• Engikwaziyo nje ukugeza ngedwa, ukugqoka nokubuka i-TV, futhi angikwazi ukwenza eminye imisebenzi endlini.
• Angikwazi ukwenza lutho ngingedwa futhi ngidinga usizo ngakho konke.

Injani inhlanzeko yakho?

• Ngikwazi ngokuphelele ukuzinakekela, ukugqoka, ukuwasha, ukushawa nokugeza.
• Ngiqala ukuba nobunzima bokunakekela inhlanzeko yami.
• Ngidinga abanye abangikhumbuze ukuthi kufanele ngiye endlini yangasese, kodwa ngiyakwazi ukubhekana nezidingo zami ngedwa.
• Ngidinga usizo lokugqoka nokuzihlanza futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngichama ezingubeni zami.
• Angikwazi ukwenza lutho ngingedwa futhi ngidinga omunye umuntu ozonakekela inhlanzeko yami.

Ingabe ukuziphatha kwakho kuyashintsha?

• Nginokuziphatha okuvamile komphakathi futhi azikho izinguquko ebuntwini bami.
• Nginezinguquko ezincane ekuziphatheni kwami, ebuntwini nasekulawuleni imizwa yami.
• Ubuntu bami buyashintsha kancane kancane, ngaphambi kokuba ngibe nobungane kakhulu futhi manje senginamahloni.
• Bathi sengishintshe kakhulu futhi angiseyena umuntu ofanayo futhi sengivele ngigwenywe ngabangani bami bakudala, omakhelwane nezihlobo ezikude.
• Ukuziphatha kwami ​​kwashintsha kakhulu ngaba ngumuntu onzima futhi ongathandeki.

Ungakwazi ukuxhumana kahle?

• Anginabunzima ekukhulumeni noma ekubhaleni.
• Ngiqala ukuba nobunzima bokuthola amagama afanele futhi kungithatha isikhathi eside ukuqedela ukucabanga kwami.
• Kuya ngokuya kunzima ukuthola amagama afanele futhi benginenkinga yokuqamba izinto futhi ngiyabona ukuthi nginesilulumagama esincane.
• Kunzima kakhulu ukuxhumana, nginenkinga ngamagama, ukuqonda lokho abakushoyo kimi futhi angikwazi ukufunda noma ukubhala.
• Angikwazi ukuxhumana, ngisho noma yini, angibhali futhi angikuqondi kahle abakushoyo kimi.

Injani imizwa yakho?

• Ngokuvamile, angiboni noma yiluphi ushintsho esimweni sami sengqondo, intshisekelo noma isisusa.
• Kwesinye isikhathi ngizizwa ngidabukile, nginovalo, ngikhathazekile noma ngicindezelekile, kepha ngingenazinkathazo ezinkulu empilweni.
• Ngiba lusizi, ngibe novalo noma ngikhathazeke nsuku zonke futhi lokhu sekuvame kakhulu.
• Nsuku zonke ngizizwa ngidabukile, nginovalo, ngikhathazekile noma ngicindezelekile futhi anginantshisekelo noma intshisekelo yokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi.
• Ukudabuka, ukudangala, ukukhathazeka nokwethuka kungabangane bami bansuku zonke futhi ngaphelelwa yintshisekelo yami ezintweni futhi angisashukunyiselwa lutho.

Ungakwazi ukugxila futhi unake?

• Nginokunaka okuphelele, ukugxila okuhle nokuxhumana okuhle nakho konke okuzungezile.
• Ngiqala ukuba nobunzima bokunaka okuthile bese ngiba ukozela emini.
• Nginobunzima bokunaka nokugxila okuncane, ngakho-ke ngikwazi ukuqhubeka ngigqolozele iphuzu noma ngivale amehlo isikhathi esithile, ngisho nangaphandle kokulala.
• Ngichitha ingxenye enhle yosuku ngilele, anginaki lutho futhi uma ngikhuluma ngisho izinto ezingenangqondo noma ezingahlangene nesihloko sengxoxo.
• Angikwazi ukunaka lutho futhi angigxilile ngokuphelele.

Langaphambilini Okulandelayo

Ukwelashwa kwe-Alzheimer's

Ukwelashwa kwe-Alzheimer's ukunciphisa izimpawu zesifo, kepha lesi sifo asikabi nalo ikhambi. Ekwelashweni kuphakanyiswa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, njengeDonepezila, iGalantamina, iRivastigmina noma iMemantina, ngaphezu kwesikhuthazi ngomkhuba we-physiotherapy, ukwelashwa emsebenzini kanye ne-psychotherapy.

Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukwelashwa kwesifo i-Alzheimer's.