Ubumpumputhe basebusuku: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimbangela eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani

Ubumpumputhe basebusuku, obaziwa ngokwesayensi njenge-nictalopia, kunzima ukubona ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi, njengoba kwenzeka ebusuku, lapho kumnyama kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanalesi sifo bangaba nombono ojwayelekile ngokuphelele phakathi nosuku.

Kodwa-ke, ukungaboni ebusuku akusona isifo, kepha uphawu noma inkinga yenye inkinga, efana ne-xerophthalmia, i-cataract, i-glaucoma noma i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuxhumana nodokotela wezifo zamehlo ukuhlola ubukhona besinye isifo samehlo nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngakho-ke, ukungaboni ebusuku kuyelapheka, kuya ngesizathu sako, ikakhulukazi lapho ukwelashwa kuqalwa ngokushesha nangenxa yesizathu esifanele.

Izimpawu nezimbangela eziyinhloko

Uphawu olukhulu lokungaboni ebusuku kunzima ukubona ezindaweni ezimnyama, ikakhulukazi lapho usuka endaweni ekhanyayo uye kokumnyama, njengokungena endlini noma ngesikhathi sokushona kwelanga, ngokwesibonelo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abangaboni ukwelashwa ebusuku okungalashwa kufanele bagweme ukushayela ekupheleni kosuku noma phakathi nobusuku, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabo.

Lobunzima bokubona benzeka lapho amazinga e-pigment kuma-retinal receptors, aziwa ngokuthi i-rhodopsin, ancipha, athinta amandla esweni okucubungula izinto ngokukhanya okuphansi.

Lawa ma-receptors avame ukuthinteka ukungabi khona kukavithamini A, okudala i-xerophthalmia, kepha futhi kungashintshwa ezimweni zezifo zamehlo ezinjenge-glaucoma, i-retinopathy, i-myopia noma i-retinitis pigmentosa, ngokwesibonelo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungayibona kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani i-xerophthalmia.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kobumpumputhe basebusuku kuncike embangela ebangela ushintsho kuma-retinal receptors. Ngakho-ke, amanye amasu asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka:

• Izibuko namalensi wokuxhumana: zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezimweni ze-myopia ukuthuthukisa umbono;
• Amaconsi wamehlo: vumela ukulawula ingcindezi esweni ezimweni ze-glaucoma, ukuthuthukisa izimpawu;
• Izithako ze-Vitamin A: kunconywa ezimweni ze-xerophthalmia ngenxa yokushoda kukavithamini A;
• Ukuhlinzwa: isetshenziselwa kabanzi ukwelapha i-cataract kubantu asebekhulile futhi ithuthukise umbono.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kutholakala esinye isifo se-retinal, udokotela anga-oda izivivinyo eziningi ezifana ne-optical tomography noma i-ultrasound ukuqinisekisa ukuguqula ukwelashwa, okungathatha isikhathi eside.