I-Actinic keratosis: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani
• 1. Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic
• 2. Ukusetshenziswa kokhilimu
• 3. I-Cryotherapy
• 4. Ukuxebuka amakhemikhali
• Okufanele ukwenze ukuvimbela

I-Actinic keratosis, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-actinic keratosis, iyisifo esibi esibangela izilonda ezibomvu ezinsundu, ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ukukala, ukuqina nokuqina. Kubangelwa kakhulu ukuvezwa yilanga ngokweqile, kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni zomzimba njengobuso, izindebe, izindlebe, izingalo, izandla nesikhumbuzi kubantu abanezimpandla.

Yize i-actinic keratosis ingakhula ngaphezu kweminyaka eminingana, imvamisa ayikhombisi zimpawu kuze kube ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala futhi imvamisa ayihambisani nezinye izimpawu. Izimo eziningi ziyelapheka futhi ziyingozi, kanti ukwelashwa kwenziwa ukuqeda izilonda. Ngokushesha lapho izimpawu zivela, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wesikhumba ngokushesha okukhulu, njengoba kunezimo lapho i-actinic keratosis ingaba umdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ezinye izinyathelo zingasiza ekuvikeleni izilonda ze-actinic keratosis, njengokusebenzisa i-sunscreen enesici sokuvikela esingaphezu kwama-30, ukugwema ukuvezwa yilanga ngezikhathi zamahora aphezulu nokuzihlola njalo kwesikhumba.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izilonda zesikhumba ezibangelwa i-actinic keratosis zingaba nezici ezilandelayo:

• Osayizi abangajwayelekile;
• Umbala obomvu onsundu;
• Ukuhlambalaza, njengokungathi bomile;
• Kubi;
• Ukuphuma esikhunjeni futhi kuqiniswe;

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilonda zingadala ukulunywa noma ukushisa futhi kwezinye izimo, zibuhlungu futhi ziyazwela lapho uzithinta. Kwabanye abantu, i-actinic keratosis ingavutha, ngokuphuma kwegazi okuncane futhi ibukeke njengesilonda esingapholi.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

Imbangela enkulu yokuvela kwe-actinic keratosis ukuvezwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet ngaphandle kokuvikelwa futhi isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke imvamisa ivela ezindaweni zesikhumba ezivezwe kakhulu yilanga.

Ngaphezu kwemisebe yelanga, imisebe ekhishwa imibhede yokushuka ingakhuphula ubungozi bokuthola i-actinic keratosis kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wesikhumba, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwenqubo yobuhle aluvunyelwe yi-ANVISA.

Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nezilonda ezivela ku-actinic keratosis njengabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40, abasebenza isikhathi esiningi elangeni, abanesikhumba esihle futhi abanokuzivikela okuncane ngenxa yokugula noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-actinic keratosis kwenziwa ngudokotela wesikhumba, ohlola izici zezilonda futhi, uma kunesidingo, acele i-biopsy yesikhumba. I-Skin biopsy inqubo elula eyenziwa nge-anesthesia yendawo equkethe ukususa isampula elincane lesilonda bese lithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze lihlaziye ukuthi linamaseli omdlavuza yini. Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-biopsy yesikhumba.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-actinic keratosis kufanele kuqondiswe njalo ngudokotela wesikhumba futhi kuqale ngemuva nje kokuxilongwa, ngoba uma kuyekwa kungalashwa kungaphenduka umdlavuza wesikhumba. Izinhlobo zokwelashwa ezisetshenziselwa kakhulu i-actinic keratosis yilezi:

1. Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic

Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic ukwelashwa okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser ngqo kwisilonda se-actinic keratosis. Ngaphambi kweseshini yokwelashwa kwe-photodynamic, kuyadingeka ukufaka amafutha noma ukuthola umuthi emthanjeni ukusiza i-laser ibulale amaseli aguquliwe.

Inqubo ihlala isilinganiso semizuzu engama-45 futhi ayibangeli ubuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle, ngemuva kwalokho kubekwa ibhandishi ukuvikela isiza ezifweni nasekulimaleni.

2. Ukusetshenziswa kokhilimu

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wesikhumba uncoma ukusetshenziswa kokhilimu ukwelapha i-actinic keratosis, efana nale:

• Fluorouracil: wuhlobo lwamafutha asetshenziselwa kakhulu i-actinic keratosis, kuyasiza ukuqeda amaseli abangela ukulimala;
• Imiquimod: ngamafutha asetshenziselwa ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, asiza ukubulala amaseli wesilonda;
• Ingenol-mebutato: ngamafutha ohlobo lwe-gel aqeda amaseli agulayo ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezi-3 zokusetshenziswa;
• I-Diclofenac ene-hyaluronic acid: kubuye kube amafutha e-gel, kepha kusetshenziswa okuncane ukwelapha ukulimala.

Udokotela wesikhumba uzoncoma uhlobo lukakhilimu ngokuya ngezici zesilonda sesikhumba, njengosayizi, ukuma nendawo. Isikhathi sokusetshenziswa nenombolo yezikhathi okufanele zisetshenziswe zingahluka kuye ngomuntu futhi, ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele ahloniphe imiyalo kadokotela ngaso sonke isikhathi.

3. I-Cryotherapy

I-Cryotherapy iqukethe ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen engamanzi enedivayisi efana nayo fafaza ukuze kufrize amaseli agulayo abangela izilonda ze-actinic keratosis. Izikhathi eziningana zibanjwa ukuqeda izilonda kanye nobude balolu hlobo lokwelashwa kuncike enkombeni kadokotela.

Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha aludingi i-anesthesia, ngoba alubangeli ubuhlungu, kepha ngemuva kwezikhathi kuvamile ukuthi indawo yesikhumba ibe bomvu futhi ivuvuke kancane.

4. Ukuxebuka amakhemikhali

O uyaxebuka ikhemikhali ukwelashwa okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-asidi, ebizwa nge-trichloroacetic, ngqo ezilondeni ze-actinic keratosis. Yenziwa ngudokotela wesikhumba ehhovisi, ayibangeli buhlungu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi idala ukuzwa okuvuthayo.

Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lusebenzela ukubulala amaseli aguquliwe akhona ezilondeni nasemva kwe- uyaxebuka amakhemikhali kuhlale kudingekile ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ngenxa yengozi yokusha endaweni efakwe i-asidi.

Okufanele ukwenze ukuvimbela

Indlela engcono yokuvimbela i-actinic keratosis ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen, enokuvikela okungenani okungama-30. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindlela zingasiza ekwehliseni ubungozi bokuba ne-actinic keratosis, njengokugwema ukuvezwa yilanga phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama ntambama, gqoka izigqoko ukuvikela ubuso bakho emisebeni ye-ultraviolet futhi ugweme ukushuka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuzihlola isikhumba kaningi futhi uvame ukuxhumana nodokotela wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi abantu abanesikhumba esifanele noma abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza wesikhumba.