Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha: ukwenze nini futhi yiziphi izivivinyo ezijwayelekile

-Delile

• Izivivinyo ezivame kakhulu
• 1. Ukuhlola abesifazane
• 2. Ukuhlola amadoda
• 3. Ukuhlola ababhemayo

Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kufana nokusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile kwezivivinyo eziningi zasemtholampilo, zezithombe nezaselebhu ngenhloso yokuhlola isimo sempilo esejwayelekile nokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi noma yisiphi isifo esingakabonakali izimpawu, isibonelo.

Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kufanele kusungulwe ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma udokotela ohamba nesiguli futhi kuyehluka kuye ngesimo sempilo yaso, umlando wakhe wezifo nezifo emndenini. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukukhonjiswa ukuthi izivivinyo zenziwa ngemvamisa elandelayo:

• Abantu abadala abaphilile: Njalo eminyakeni emibili;
• Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona, njenge-hypertension, isifo sikashukela noma umdlavuza: njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha;
• Abantu abanezici zobungozi besifo esithile, njengabantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile, ababhemayo, abantu abahlala phansi noma labo abane-cholesterol ephezulu: kanye ngonyaka.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi abantu abasengozini yezinkinga zenhliziyo kufanele banake kakhulu impilo, njalo banake izinguquko emzimbeni, ngokukhathala okulula noma ubuhlungu besifuba, isibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhonjiswa nokuthi abesifazane abangaphezu kwama-40 nabesilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-30 benziwa izivivinyo ezithile. Bona ukuthi uzoya nini kudokotela wenhliziyo.

Izivivinyo ezivame kakhulu

Ukuhlolwa okuceliwe ekuhlolweni kuvumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole ukusebenza kwezinye izitho, njengezinso, isibindi nenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezu kokuba lusizo ekuboneni izifo kanye nezinguquko egazini, njenge-anemia ne-leukemia, Ngokwesibonelo.

Izivivinyo eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukuzila ukudla kweglucose;
• Ukubalwa kwegazi;
• I-Urea ne-creatinine;
• I-uric acid;
• Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol namaqhezu;
• Ama-Triglycerides;
• I-TGO / AST ne-TGP / ALT;
• I-TSH ne-T4 yamahhala;
• I-alkaline phosphatase;
• I-Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT);
• PCR;
• Ukuhlaziywa komchamo;
• Ukuhlolwa kwesitokisi.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zivivinyo, ezinye izivivinyo zinga-odwa ngokuya ngempilo yomuntu ojwayelekile, njenge-transferrin, i-ferritin, omaka be-tumor nama-hormone ezocansi. Mayelana nezivivinyo zemisebe, i-ultrasound yesisu, i-X-ray yesifuba, i-echo kanye ne-electrocardiogram kanye nezivivinyo zamehlo zivame ukucelwa ngudokotela.

Endabeni yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, i-hemoglobin test eglycated nayo inga-odwa, ehlola inani le-glucose ejikelezayo esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezintathu. Bona ukuthi i-hemoglobin ene-glycated yenzelwe ini.

1. Ukuhlola abesifazane

Endabeni yabesifazane, kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo ezithile, ezifana ne-Pap smears, i-colposcopy, i-vulvoscopy, i-breast ultrasound ne-transvaginal ultrasound, ezenziwa minyaka yonke. Kulezi zivivinyo, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane angahlola ukuthi ngabe owesifazane akanalo yini igciwane, i-cyst noma ushintsho ohlelweni lokuzala. Thola ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo zabesifazane ezivame uku-odwa.

2. Ukuhlola amadoda

Kunconywa ukuthi abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-40 bangenele izivivinyo ezithile ezifana ne-prostate ultrasound kanye nesilinganiso se-PSA hormone. Bona ukuthi ungakuqonda kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA.

3. Ukuhlola ababhemayo

Endabeni yababhemayo, isibonelo, ngaphezu kwezivivinyo ezivame ukucelwa, kunconywa ukukala ezinye izimpawu zomzimba, njenge-alpha-fetoprotein, i-CEA ne-CA 19.9, i-spirometry enokuhlolwa kokuphefumula, i-electrocardiogram enokuhlolwa kwengcindezi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesikhwehlela ngocwaningo ngamangqamuzana omdlavuza.