I-Anemia Engapheli

-Delile

• Yini i-anemia engapheli?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-anemia engapheli?
• Yelashwa kanjani i-anemia engalapheki?
• Iziphi izinguquko zokudla okufanele umuntu one-anemia engapheli azenze?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia?
• Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia
• Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin anemia
• I-aplastic anemia
• I-hemolytic anemia
• I-Sickle cell anemia
• Ukuthatha

Yini i-anemia?

Uma une-anemia, unenani elingaphansi kokujwayelekile lamaseli abomvu egazi, noma inani le-hemoglobin kumaseli akho abomvu lehle laba ngaphansi kokujwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaseli omzimba wakho awatholi i-oxygen eyanele.

Kunezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokushoda kwegazi: ukulahleka kwegazi, ukuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, kanye namazinga aphezulu okubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu.

Yini i-anemia engapheli?

I-anemia engapheli yaziwa nangokuthi i-anemia yezifo ezingamahlalakhona kanye ne-anemia yokuvuvukala nezifo ezingalapheki. Le anemia ingumphumela wezinye izimo zezempilo zesikhathi eside ezithinta amandla omzimba wakho wokwenza amaseli abomvu egazi.

Lezi zimo zezempilo zifaka:

• umdlavuza, njenge-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, isifo sikaHodgkin, nomdlavuza webele
• isifo sezinso
• ukuphazamiseka komzimba kanye nezifo ezivuthayo, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, isifo sikashukela, isifo sikaCrohn's, lupus, nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD)
• izifo zesikhathi eside, njenge-HIV, i-endocarditis, isifo sofuba, i-osteomyelitis, ithumba lamaphaphu, kanye ne-hepatitis B noma i-hepatitis C

Kwesinye isikhathi ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kubukela phansi amandla omzimba wakho okwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha, okuholela ekushoneni kwegazi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-anemia engapheli?

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• ubuthakathaka
• ukukhathala
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo

Lezi zimpawu zingasitshekelwa yizimo ezingaphansi.

Yelashwa kanjani i-anemia engalapheki?

Odokotela abaningi bazogxila ekwelapheni isimo esidala i-anemia engapheli hhayi ukuselapha njalo ngokwehlukana.

Isibonelo, uma une-IBD, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-anti-inflammatories afana ne-corticosteroids kanye nama-antibiotics afana ne-ciprofloxacin (Cipro). Lezi zingaphatha i-IBD futhi zenze ukuthi i-anemia engapheli inyamalale.

Kunezinye izimo lapho udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukwelashwa okubhekiswe ngqo ku-anemia engapheli.

Isibonelo, uma unesifo sezinso esine-anemia engapheli, udokotela wakho angahle anikeze i-vitamin B-12 kanye ne-folic acid supplements uma une-vitamin B-12 noma i-folate defence. Noma udokotela wakho angakunika indlela yokwenziwa kwe-erythropoietin.

Futhi, uma une-anemia engapheli nomsebenzi wegazi ukhombisa ukuntuleka kwensimbi, udokotela wakho angancoma izengezo zensimbi.

Iziphi izinguquko zokudla okufanele umuntu one-anemia engapheli azenze?

Abantu abane-anemia engapheli bavame ukwelulekwa ukuba bafake izinguquko zokudla ukuze babhekane nokushiyeka okuthile. Okulandelayo iziphakamiso ezimbalwa uma i-iron yakho, i-folic acid, noma amazinga kavithamini B-12 aphansi.

Imithombo yokudla yensimbi:

• ubhontshisi
• inyama yenkukhu
• isipinashi
• okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni

Imithombo yokudla ye-folic acid:

• ubhontshisi
• inyama yenkukhu
• okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni
• irayisi

Imithombo yokudla kavithamini B-12:

• inyama yenkukhu
• okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni
• inhlanzi
• isibindi senkomo

Yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia?

Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia

Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-anemia. Kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi ekulahlekelweni yigazi, ukungadli ukudla okunensimbi, noma ukumunca insimbi kabi.

Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin anemia

Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin anemia kubangelwa ukuntuleka kukavithamini B-12 noma i-folic acid okuvela ekudleni okungenakho kulezi zakhi zomzimba noma ukumuncwa kabi kwazo.

Lapho uvithamini B-12 ungeke ungene kumgudu wamathumbu, kuba nomphumela wokushoda kwegazi okuyingozi.

I-aplastic anemia

I-aplastic anemia yisimo esingajwayelekile esenzeka lapho umnkantsha wakho uyeka ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi anele.

I-hemolytic anemia

I-hemolytic anemia yenzeka lapho amaseli abomvu egazi ehlukaniswa egazini noma ebuchosheni. Kungahle kube ngenxa yezinkinga zomshini (ama-valves enhliziyo avuzayo noma ama-aneurysms), izifo, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, noma ukungahambi kahle kokuzalwa emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi.

I-Sickle cell anemia

I-Sickle cell anemia i-hemolytic anemia ezuzwe njengefa ene-hemoglobin protein engajwayelekile edala ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abe lukhuni futhi avale ukujikeleza kwemithambo yegazi emincane.

Ukuthatha

I-anemia engapheli uhlobo lwe-anemia oluvame ukwenzeka ngokutheleleka, izifo ezingalapheki, ukuphazamiseka kokuvuvukala, noma umdlavuza. Imvamisa ayiphathwa ngokuhlukile kunesimo esiyimbangela esiyibangelayo.

Uma unesimo esingahlotshaniswa ne-anemia engapheli futhi ucabange ukuthi ungahle ube ne-anemic, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC). Uma umphumela ukhombisa i-anemia engapheli, buyekeza izinketho zokwelashwa nodokotela wakho.