I-Hematoma Engapheli Yesimo Esingaphansi

-Delile

• Izimbangela nezici zobungozi
• Izimpawu ze-hematoma engapheli engaphansi
• Ukuhlonza i-hematoma engapheli engaphansi
• Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-hematoma engapheli engaphansi
• Umbono wesikhathi eside we-hematoma engapheli engaphansi
• Ungayivimbela kanjani i-hematoma engapheli engaphansi

I-hematoma engapheli yesiguli

I-submatural hematoma (SDH) engapheli iqoqo legazi ebusweni bobuchopho, ngaphansi kwesembozo sangaphandle sobuchopho (dura).

Imvamisa iqala ukwakha izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ngemuva kokuqala kokuphuma kwegazi. Ukopha ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukulimala ekhanda.

I-SDH engapheli ayivezi njalo izimpawu. Uma kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kudinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Izimbangela nezici zobungozi

Ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu noma okuncane ebuchosheni kusukela ekulimaleni ekhanda kuyimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-SDH engapheli. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umuntu angakha ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, ezingahlobene nokulimala.

Ukopha okuholela kwi-SDH engapheli kwenzeka emithanjeni emincane etholakala phakathi kobuso bobuchopho nesikhathi. Lapho ziphuka, igazi liyavuza isikhathi eside bese lakha ihlwili. Ihlule lifaka ingcindezi eyandayo ebuchosheni bakho.

Uma uneminyaka engama-60 noma ngaphezulu, unengozi enkulu yalolu hlobo lwe-hematoma. Izicubu zobuchopho ziyancipha njengengxenye yenqubo ejwayelekile yokuguga. Ukwehla kunwebeka futhi kunciphise imithambo, ngakho-ke ngisho nokulimala okuncane ekhanda kungadala i-SDH engapheli.

Ukuphuza ngokweqile iminyaka eminingana kungenye into eyandisa ubungozi be-SDH engapheli. Ezinye izinto zibandakanya ukusebenzisa imishanguzo yokuncipha igazi, i-aspirin, nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala isikhathi eside.

Izimpawu ze-hematoma engapheli engaphansi

Izimpawu zalesi simo zifaka:

• ikhanda
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukuhamba kanzima
• inkumbulo engasebenzi kahle
• izinkinga ngombono
• isithuthwane
• inkinga ngokukhuluma
• inkinga yokugwinya
• ukudideka
• ubuso obundikindiki noma obuthakathaka, izingalo, noma imilenze
• ukukhathala
• ubuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka
• ikhoma

Izimpawu eziqondile ezibonakala zincike endaweni nosayizi we-hematoma yakho. Ezinye izimpawu zivela kaningi kunezinye. Kuze kube ngabantu abangamaphesenti angama-80 abanalolu hlobo lwe-hematoma abanekhanda.

Uma ihlule lakho likhulu, kungenzeka ukulahleka kwekhono lokuhamba (ukukhubazeka). Ungahle uquleke futhi ungene ku-coma. I-SDH engapheli ebeka ingcindezi enkulu ebuchosheni ingadala ukulimala okungapheli kobuchopho ngisho nokufa.

Uma wena noma umuntu omaziyo ekhombisa izimpawu zalesi simo, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Abantu abanesithuthwane noma abalahlekelwa yingqondo badinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Ukuhlonza i-hematoma engapheli engaphansi

Udokotela wakho uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuze afune izimpawu zokulimala ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa, kufaka phakathi:

• ukusebenzisana kabi
• izinkinga zokuhamba
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• ubunzima bokulinganisa

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-SDH engapheli, kuzodingeka uphinde uqhubeke nokuhlolwa. Izimpawu zalesi simo zifana nezimpawu zokunye ukuphazamiseka nokugula okuthinta ubuchopho, njenge:

• ukuwohloka komqondo
• izilonda
• i-encephalitis
• imivimbo

Izivivinyo ezinjenge-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ne-computed tomography (CT) zingaholela ekutholakaleni okunembe kakhudlwana.

I-MRI isebenzisa amagagasi omsakazo namandla kazibuthe ukukhiqiza izithombe zezitho zakho. I-CT scan isebenzisa ama-X ray amaningi ukwenza izithombe ezihlukanisayo zamathambo nezakhiwo ezithambile emzimbeni wakho.

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-hematoma engapheli engaphansi

Udokotela wakho uzogxila ekuvikeleni ubuchopho bakho ekulimaleni unomphela nokwenza izimpawu kube lula ukuzilawula. Izidakamizwa ze-Anticonvulsant zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima bokuhlaselwa noma ukuzivimbela ukuthi zingaveli. Izidakamizwa ezaziwa ngokuthi i-corticosteroids zikhulula ukuvuvukala futhi kwesinye isikhathi zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni.

I-SDH engalapheki ingelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Inqubo ifaka ukwenza izimbobo ezincane kugebhezi ukuze igazi liphume. Lokhu kususa ingcindezi ebuchosheni.

Uma une-clot enkulu noma ewugqinsi, udokotela wakho angakhipha ucezu oluncane lwesigebhuzi okwesikhashana bese ekhipha iqhwa. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-craniotomy.

Umbono wesikhathi eside we-hematoma engapheli engaphansi

Uma unezimpawu ezihambisana ne-SDH engapheli, uzodinga ukuhlinzwa. Umphumela wokususwa kokuhlinzwa uphumelele kubantu abangamaphesenti angama-80 kuya kwangama-90. Kwezinye izimo, i-hematoma izobuya ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi kufanele isuswe futhi.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-hematoma engapheli engaphansi

Ungavikela ikhanda lakho futhi unciphise ubungozi be-SDH engapheli ngezindlela eziningana.

Gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela lapho ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu. Ngaso sonke isikhathi bopha ibhande lakho emotweni ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala ekhanda ngesikhathi sengozi.

Uma usebenza emsebenzini onobungozi njengokwakha, gqoka isigqoko esinzima futhi usebenzise imishini yokuphepha.

Uma ungaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-60, sebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke ukuvimbela ukuwa.