I-cirrhosis ye-biliary eyinhloko: kuyini, izimpawu nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani

Isifo sokuqina kwesibindi esiyinhloko yisifo esingelapheki lapho amapayipi e-bile akhona esibindini ecekelwa phansi kancane kancane, evimbela ukuphuma kwenyongo, okuyinto ekhiqizwa isibindi futhi egcinwe enyongweni futhi esiza ekugayeni amafutha adlayo. Ngakho-ke, i-bile eqoqwe ngaphakathi kwesibindi ingadala ukuvuvukala, ukubhujiswa, isibazi kanye nokuthuthuka kokugcina kwesibindi.

Alikho ikhambi le-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-biliary, kepha, njengoba lesi sifo singadala ukulimala kwesibindi okukhulu, kukhona ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezikhonjiswe yi-gastroenterologist noma i-hepatologist ehlose ukubambezela ukukhula kwesifo nokuqeda izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu esiswini, ukukhathala ukuvuvukala ngokweqile noma ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni noma emaqakaleni, isibonelo.

Lapho ukuvinjelwa kwe-bile duct kunwetshiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona umonakalo omkhulu futhi osheshayo esibindini, okukhombisa ukuqina kwesibindi okuyisibili, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuba khona kwamatshe enyongo noma izimila.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ezimweni eziningi, i-cirrhosis ye-biliary itholakala ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele noma yiziphi izimpawu, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa ngesinye isizathu noma njengokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zokuqala zingafaka ukukhathala okungapheli, isikhumba esilumayo ngisho namehlo omile noma umlomo.

Lapho lesi sifo sesisesigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu, izimpawu zingaba:

• Ubuhlungu esifundeni esingenhla sesisu;
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Zivuvukele izinyawo namaqakala;
• Isisu esivuvukele kakhulu;
• Ukuqoqwa koketshezi esiswini, okubizwa ngama-ascites;
• Amafutha abekwa esikhumbeni esiseduze kwamehlo, amajwabu amehlo noma ezintendeni zezandla, ematheni, endololwaneni noma emadolweni;
• Isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo;
• Amathambo amaningi entekenteke, okwandisa ubungozi bokuqhekeka;
• I-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Uhudo olunezihlalo ezinamafutha kakhulu;
• I-Hypothyroidism;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Lezi zimpawu zingakhombisa nezinye izinkinga zesibindi, ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wezifo zesisu noma i-gastroenterologist ukuze uhlolisise kahle futhi unqande ezinye izifo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-biliary kwenziwa yi-hepatologist noma i-gastroenterologist ngokususelwa emlandweni womtholampilo, izimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu nokuhlolwa okubandakanya:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amazinga e-cholesterol, ama-enzyme wesibindi kanye nama-antibodies ukuthola isifo sokuzivikela komzimba;
• I-Ultrasound;
• Ukucabanga kwe-Magnetic resonance;
• I-Endoscopy.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela anga-oda i-biopsy yesibindi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa noma ukunquma isigaba se-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-biliary. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-biopsy yesibindi.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Imbangela ye-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-biliary ayaziwa, kepha ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nabantu abanezifo ezizimele futhi, ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi umzimba uqobo uqale inqubo yokuvuvukala echitha amangqamuzana emigudu yenyongo. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungadlulela kwamanye amaseli wesibindi futhi kuholele ekubonakaleni kokulimala kanye nesibazi esibeka engozini ukusebenza kahle kwesitho.

Ezinye izinto ezingaba nomthelela ekubangeleni i-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-biliary izifo ngamagciwane afana ne Escherichia coli, I-Mycobacterium gordonae noma uNovophingobium aromaticivorans, isikhunta noma izikelemu ezifana I-Opisthorchis.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu ababhemayo noma abanelungu lomndeni abane-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-biliary basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Alikho ikhambi le-cirrhosis ye-biliary, noma kunjalo, eminye imithi ingasetshenziswa ukubambezela ukukhula kwesifo nokuqeda izimpawu, okubandakanya:

• I-Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodiol noma i-Ursacol): ngesinye sezidakamizwa zokuqala ezisetshenziswa kulezi zimo, njengoba sisiza i-bile ukudlula eziteshini bese ishiya isibindi, inciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvimbela ukulimala kwesibindi;
• I-Obeticolic acid (Ocaliva): leli thuluzi lisiza ukusebenza kwesibindi, linciphise izimpawu nokwanda kwesifo futhi lingasetshenziswa lilodwa noma lihlangene ne-ursodeoxycholic acid;
• I-Fenofibrate (i-Lipanon noma i-Lipidil): lo muthi usiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi ne-triglycerides futhi, uma usetshenziswa kanye ne-ursodeoxycholic acid, usiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwesibindi futhi wehlise izimpawu ezifana nesikhumba esilumayo esijwayelekile.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kubonakala kungabambezeli ukukhula kwesifo noma lapho izimpawu zihlala zinamandla kakhulu, udokotela wezifo zengqondo angeluleka ngokufakelwa kwesibindi, ukuze kwandiswe impilo yomuntu.

Imvamisa, amacala okufakelwa kabusha ayaphumelela futhi lesi sifo sinyamalale ngokuphelele, sibuyise izinga lomuntu lokuphila, kepha kungadingeka ukuthi ube sohlwini lokulinda isibindi esifanelekile. Thola ukuthi ukufakelwa kwesibindi kwenziwa kanjani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvamile ukuthi abantu abane-cirrhosis ye-biliary babe nobunzima bokuthola amafutha namavithamini. Ngale ndlela, udokotela angaluleka ukwelulekwa ngesazi sokudla ukuze kuqale ukwengeza amavithamini, ikakhulukazi amavithamini A, D no-K nokwenza ukudla okunomsoco ngokusebenzisa usawoti omncane.