Amanani ayizethenjwa ohlobo ngalunye lwe-cholesterol: LDL, HDL, VLDL kanye nengqikithi
-Delile
- 1. I-cholesterol ye-HDL
- 2. I-cholesterol ye-LDL
- Inani eliphakeme le-LDL le-cholesterol
- 3. I-cholesterol ye-VLDL
- 4. Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol
I-cholesterol wuhlobo lwamafutha olubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezinga eliphakeme le-cholesterol egazini akukuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi kungadala nengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga zenhliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe i-cholesterol ephezulu ayimbi noma ayiyona inkinga, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhumushe ngokufanele ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ngoba kunamanani ama-3 okufanele ahlolwe kahle:
- Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol: leli nani libonisa inani eliphelele le-cholesterol esegazini, okungukuthi, inani le-cholesterol ye-HDL + LDL + VLDL;
- I-cholesterol ye-HDL: yaziwa ngokuthi uhlobo "oluhle" lwe-cholesterol, ngoba ixhunyaniswe neprotheyini eyithutha isuse egazini iye esibindini, lapho ikhishwa khona endle, uma ingeqile;
- I-cholesterol ye-LDL: yi-cholesterol "embi" ethandwayo, exhunyaniswe neprotheyini eyithutha isuse esibindini iye kumaseli nasemithanjeni, lapho igcina iqoqene khona futhi ingadala izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ngakho-ke, uma inani eliphelele le-cholesterol liphezulu, kodwa amazinga e-cholesterol e-HDL angaphezulu kwamanani esithenjwa anconywayo, imvamisa ayikhombisi ubungozi obukhulu besifo, ngoba i-cholesterol eyeqile izokhishwa yisibindi. Kodwa-ke, uma i-cholesterol isiyonke iphezulu, kepha lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba khona kwenani le-LDL eliphakeme kunamanani ayizethenjwa, i-cholesterol eyeqile izogcinwa kumaseli nasemithanjeni, esikhundleni sokususwa, okwandisa ubungozi bezinkinga zenhliziyo.
Ngokufingqa, ukuphakama kwenani le-HDL nokwehla kwenani le-LDL, kwehlisa ingozi yokuba nenkinga yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Bona kangcono ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwe-cholesterol lusho ukuthini nokuthi amazinga anconyiwe ayini:
1. I-cholesterol ye-HDL
I-cholesterol ye-HDL yaziwa njenge-cholesterol "enhle", ngakho-ke iyona kuphela okufanele igcinwe ephezulu egazini. Wenziwa ngumzimba, ubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuthi uhlale unawo ngaphezu kuka-40 mg / dl, futhi okulungile ukuthi ungaphezulu kwama-60 mg / dl.
| I-cholesterol ye-HDL (kuhle) | Phansi: ngaphansi kuka-40 mg / dl | Yebo: ngenhla kwama-40 mg / dl | Okufanelekile: ngenhla kwama-60 mg / dl |
Ungakhuphula kanjani: ukukhulisa amazinga e-cholesterol e-HDL kufanele ube nokudla okuhlukahlukene nokunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukugwema izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nokubhema noma ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
Qonda kabanzi nge-cholesterol ye-HDL nokuthi ungayinyusa kanjani.
2. I-cholesterol ye-LDL
I-cholesterol ye-LDL yi-cholesterol "embi". Kubhekwa njengokuphakeme uma kungu-130 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu kubantu abaningi, kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kudingeka ukulawulwa okuqinile, ikakhulukazi uma lowo muntu ebenenkinga yenhliziyo ngaphambili noma uma enenye ingozi. njengokubhema, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukungazivocavoci umzimba.
Lapho izinga le-LDL le-cholesterol liphezulu, amadiphozithi aqala ukwakheka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, kwakheke izingqimba ezinamafutha okuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zivimbele ukudlula kwegazi futhi ziholele ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, ngokwesibonelo.
Unciphisa kanjani: ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL egazini, kufanele ulandele ukudla okungenawo ushukela namafutha amaningi futhi uzijwayeze ukuvivinya umzimba okungenani kathathu ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, lapho lezi zimo zengqondo zodwa zinganele, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukunciphisa amazinga azo. Funda kabanzi nge-cholesterol ye-LDL nezindlela zokwehlisa.
Inani eliphakeme le-LDL le-cholesterol
Inani le-LDL kufanele lihlale liphansi ngangokunokwenzeka, yingakho, kubantu bonke, i-LDL kufanele igcinwe ngaphansi kuka-130 mg / dl. Kodwa-ke, abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba nenkinga yenhliziyo bayazuza ngokuba namazinga aphansi e-LDL.
Ngakho-ke, amanani aphezulu we-LDL ayahluka ngokuya ngengozi yenhliziyo yomuntu ngamunye:
| Ingozi yenhliziyo | Kunconywe inani eliphakeme le-cholesterol ye-LDL | Obani |
| Ingozi ephansi yenhliziyo | kufika ku-130 mg / dl | Abantu abasha, abangenasifo noma abanomfutho wegazi ophethwe kahle, abane-LDL phakathi kuka-70 no-189 mg / dl. |
| Ubungozi obuphakathi benhliziyo | kufika ku-100 mg / dl | Abantu abanezifo eziyingozi ezi-1 noma ezi-2, ezifana nokubhema, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, i-arrhythmia elawulwayo, noma isifo sikashukela okusheshe, kube mnene futhi kulawulwa kahle, phakathi kwabanye. |
| Ingozi ephezulu yenhliziyo | kufika ku-70 mg / dl | Abantu abanezicwecwe ze-cholesterol ezitsheni ezibonwa yi-ultrasound, isisu se-aortic aneurysm, isifo sezinso esingapheliyo, esine-LDL> 190mg / dl, isifo sikashukela iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 noma esinezinto eziningi ezinobungozi, phakathi kwabanye. |
| Ingozi ephezulu kakhulu yenhliziyo | kufika ku-50 mg / dl | Abantu abane-angina, i-infarction, isifo sohlangothi noma olunye uhlobo lokuvinjelwa kwemithambo ngenxa yamapulangwe e-atherosclerosis, noma nganoma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa okubucayi okubonakalayo ekuhlolweni, phakathi kwabanye. |
Ubungozi benhliziyo kufanele buthathwe ngudokotela wenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokubonisana ngemuva kokubuka ukuhlolwa okudingekayo nokuhlolwa komtholampilo. Imvamisa, abantu abaphila impilo yokuzihlalela, abangadli ngendlela efanele, abakhuluphele ngokweqile futhi abanezinye izinto eziyingozi ezifana nokubhema noma ukuphuza utshwala, baba nengozi ephezulu yenhliziyo ngakho-ke kufanele babe ne-LDL ephansi.
Enye indlela elula yokubala ubungozi benhliziyo ukwenza isilinganiso sesinqe kuye okhalweni. Yize lobu budlelwano bungenziwa ekhaya ukuthola umuzwa wobungozi benhliziyo, ukubonisana nodokotela wenhliziyo akufanele kuhlehliswe, ngoba kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa okunemininingwane eminingi.
Bala ubungozi bakho benhliziyo lapha usebenzisa isilinganiso sesinqe ukuya okhalweni:
3. I-cholesterol ye-VLDL
I-VLDL cholesterol ithutha i-triglycerides futhi inyusa nengozi yesifo senhliziyo. Amanani ayisethenjwa e-VLDL imvamisa:
| I-cholesterol ye-VLDL | Phezulu | Phansi | Okufanelekile |
| ngenhla kwama-40 mg / dl | ngaphansi kwama-30 mg / dl | kufika ku-30 mg / dl |
Kodwa-ke, ezincomweni zakamuva ezivela emphakathini wezinhliziyo zeBrazil, amanani we-VLDL awathathwa njengefanelekile, ngamanani we-cholesterol angewona ama-HDL abaluleke kakhulu, okuqondiwe kufanele kube ngu-30 mg / dl ngaphezu kwe-LDL.
4. Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol
Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol isamba se-HDL, i-LDL ne-VLDL. Ukuba ne-cholesterol esezingeni eliphelele kumelela ubungozi obukhulu besifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ngakho-ke, amanani aso akufanele adlule i-190 mg / dl.
Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol engaphezulu kwe-190 ayikhathazi kangako uma amanani we-LDL ejwayelekile, kepha kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuqapha, njengokunciphisa ukudla kwakho ukudla okunamafutha amaningi ukuvimbela i-cholesterol ekukhuphukeni kakhulu futhi ibe yingozi empilweni yakho. Icebo elihle ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho inyama ebomvu. Amanani ayisethenjwa we-cholesterol yilawa:
| Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol | Okufiselekayo: <190 mg / dl |
Thola ukuthi yini ongayenza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol kuvidiyo elandelayo:
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