Konke mayelana Nokuvundisa

-Delile

• Kwenzeka kanjani ukukhulelwa komuntu
• Ukukhulelwa kwe-in vitro
• Izimpawu zokuvundisa
• Kwenzeka kanjani ukukhula kombungu
• Yakhiwa kanjani iPlacenta
• Ingazalwa nini ingane

Ukukhulelwa igama lesikhathi lapho isidoda sikwazi ukungena eqandeni, sikhiqize iqanda noma i-zygote, ezokhula futhi yakhe umbungu, okuthi ngemuva kokukhula kwakheke umbungu, okuthi ngemuva kokuzalwa kuthathwe njengosana.

Ukuvundisa kwenzeka kumashubhu e-fallopian bese iqanda noma i-zygote iqala ukuhlukana njengoba ihamba ize ifinyelele esibelethweni. Lapho ifika esibelethweni, ifakwe ku-endometrium yesibeletho futhi lapha, ngokusemthethweni, ukuzala kuyenzeka (indawo yesidleke) cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-6-7 ngemuva kokukhulelwa.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukukhulelwa komuntu

Ukukhulelwa komuntu kwenzeka lapho isidoda singena eqandeni, engxenyeni yokuqala yethumbu, okwenza owesifazane akhulelwe. Lapho isidoda sikwazi ukungena eqandeni, udonga lwaso luvimbela ngokushesha esinye isidoda ukuba singangeni.

Isidoda esisodwa siwela ulwelwesi lwaso, sithwele ama-chromosomes angama-23 avela kumuntu. Ngokushesha, la ma-chromosomes angawodwa ahlangana namanye ama-chromosomes angama-23 sowesifazane, enza ukuhlangana okujwayelekile kwama-chromosomes angama-46, ahlelwe ngamabili angama-23.

Lokhu kuqala inqubo yokuphindaphindeka kwamaseli, umphumela wokugcina lapho kungukuzalwa kwengane enempilo.

Ukukhulelwa kwe-in vitro

In vitro fertilization kulapho udokotela efaka isidoda eqandeni, ngaphakathi kwelabhorethri ethile. Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela abone ukuthi i-zygote ikhula kahle, ifakwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho sowesifazane, lapho ingaqhubeka khona nokukhula ize ilungele ukuzalwa. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i-IVF noma ukufakelwa isidoda okufakelwayo. Thola imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokusakazwa kokufakelwa lapha.

Izimpawu zokuvundisa

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokukhulelwa zicashile kakhulu, futhi imvamisa owesifazane akaziboni, kepha zingaba i-colic emnene, nokopha okuncane noma okubomvana, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-nidation. Ezimweni eziningi, owesifazane akaziboni izimpawu zokukhulelwa kuze kube amasonto amabili ngemuva kwesidleke. Bheka zonke izimpawu zokukhulelwa nokuthi ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukukhulelwa.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukukhula kombungu

Ukukhula kombungu kwenzeka kusukela ekudlekeni kuze kube yisonto lesishiyagalombili lokukhulelwa, futhi kulesi sigaba ukwakheka kweplasenta, inkaba, kanye nohlaka lwazo zonke izitho kwenzeka. Kusukela ngesonto lesishiyagalolunye lokukhulelwa isidalwa esincane sibizwa ngokuthi umbungu, futhi ngemuva kweviki le-12 lokukhulelwa libizwa ngokuthi umbungu futhi lapha i-placenta ikhule ngokwanele ukuze, kusukela lapho kuqhubeke, ikwazi ukuhlinzeka zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukukhula kombungu.

Yakhiwa kanjani iPlacenta

I-placenta yakhiwa yingxenye yomama yezendlalelo ezinkulu neziningi, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-placental sinuses, lapho igazi lomama ligeleza ngokuqhubekayo; ngengxenye yombungu emelwe kakhulu yisixuku esikhulu se-villi ye-placenta, ephumela ezonweni ze-placenta futhi lapho igazi lombungu lizungeza khona.

Izakhi zisakazeka egazini likamama ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwe-villus ye-placental ziye egazini lombungu, zidlule phakathi komthambo wombilical ziye embungwini.

Indle ye-Fetal efana ne-carbon dioxide, i-urea nezinye izinto, isakazeka egazini lombungu iye egazini likamama futhi ikhishwa iye ngaphandle ngemisebenzi kamama ekhiphela ngaphandle. I-placenta ifaka inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-estrogen ne-progesterone, cishe izikhathi eziphindwe ka-30 ngaphezu kwe-corpus luteum kanye ne-progesterone ephindwe kayishumi.

La mahomoni abaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwengane. Phakathi namasonto okuqala okukhulelwa, enye i-hormone nayo ifihliwe i-placenta, i-chorionic gonadotropin, evuselela i-corpus luteum, ibangele ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhipha i-estrogen ne-progesterone engxenyeni yokuqala yokukhulelwa.

Lawa mahomoni ku-corpus luteum abalulekile ekuqhubekeni kokukhulelwa phakathi namasonto okuqala ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, i-placenta ifihla inani elanele le-estrogen ne-progesterone ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kokukhulelwa.

Ingazalwa nini ingane

Ingane isilungele ukuzalwa ngemuva kokukhulelwa amasonto angama-38, lesi yisikhathi esivame kakhulu sokukhulelwa okunempilo. Kepha ingane ingazalwa ngemuva kokukhulelwa amasonto angama-37 ngaphandle kokubhekwa njengokuvuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kepha ukukhulelwa nakho kungahlala kuze kube amasonto angama-42, kube yisimo esijwayelekile.