I-Rhabdomyolysis: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yini ebangela i-rhabdomyolysis
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-Rhabdomyolysis yisimo esibi esibonakala ngokucekelwa phansi kwezicubu zemisipha, okuholela ekukhishweni kwezakhi ezikhona ngaphakathi kwamaseli emisipha ziye egazini, njenge-calcium, i-sodium ne-potassium, i-myoglobin, i-creatinophosphokinase kanye ne-enzyme pyruvic transaminase (TGP). Inani elikhulu lalezi zinto egazini lingaholela ekuntulekeni kwamandla, ukwehla komchamo, ukukhathala kwemisipha kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso, uma kungakhonjwa nokwelashwa.

Njengoba izinto ezikhishiwe zinobuthi ngobuningi obuphezulu, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi kunconywa ukuya esibhedlela noma egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha lapho kusolwa i-rhabdomyolysis. I-Rhabdomyolysis ingenzeka ngenxa yomkhuba wokuzikhandla nokwenza imisebenzi yomzimba isikhathi eside noma ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka okuqondile noma okungaqondile emsipheni emzimbeni, futhi kubalulekile ukukhomba imbangela ukuze ukwelashwa kubhekiswe kakhulu.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-rhabdomyolysis zingahluka ngokuya ngenani elijikelezayo lama-enzyme akhishwe ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana emisipha, izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukuthi:

• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Ukungabi namandla;
• Kunzima ukuhambisa imilenze noma izingalo zakho;
• Ukuqina kwemisipha;
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• Umchamo ngamanani amancane futhi umnyama kakhulu, ofana nombala we-coca-cola.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, kungavela izimpawu ezijwayelekile, ezifana nomkhuhlane, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuzwa ukukhathala okujwayelekile, ukuhlanza, ukudideka nokuxakaniseka. Njengoba izimpawu zihluka ngokuya ngesizathu, kanye nomzimba womuntu ngamunye, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukukhomba icala le-rhabdomyolysis.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze kutholakale i-rhabdomyolysis futhi kuvinjelwe izinkinga, kubalulekile ukuya esibhedlela ukuze kwenziwe izivivinyo ezithile ukukhomba lesi sifo, ukuze sikwazi ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-rhabdomyolysis kuvame ukwenziwa ngudokotela ngemuva kokuhlola izimpawu zomuntu nomlando wezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uncoma ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukubheka inani lama-electrolyte ajikeleza egazini, kanye nokuhlushwa kwe-myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase ne-TGP. Ngokuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis, udokotela angabuye ahlole inani le-myoglobin, okubalulekile ukwazi ubukhulu be-rhabdomyolysis futhi uma kunezimpawu ezibonisa ukwehluleka kwezinso.

I-Myoglobin ingesinye sezivivinyo ezinkulu ezicelwe udokotela, ngoba lapho kukhulu ukubhujiswa kwemicu yemisipha, inani elikhulu le-myoglobin likhishelwa egazini nasemchameni, kushiye kumnyama impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho inani elikhulu le-myoglobin likhishwa, kukhulu amathuba okuvinjelwa kwamathambo wezinso, okungadala ukulimala kwe-tubular futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-myoglobin.

Yini ebangela i-rhabdomyolysis

I-Rhabdomyolysis ivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yomkhuba wokuzivocavoca umzimba onzima futhi othatha isikhathi eside, okuholela ekucindezelekeni ngokweqile kwemisipha. Ezinye izimbangela ze-rhabdomyolysis yilezi:

• Izingozi ezinkulu, njengokuwa okuphezulu noma izingozi zomgwaqo;
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kweminye imithi, ikakhulukazi ama-antipsychotic noma ama-statins;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwaikakhulukazi i-cocaine, i-heroin noma i-amphetamine;
• Ukungasebenzi isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuquleka noma ukugula;
• Izifo, okungaholela ekuqongeleleni ubuthi emzimbeni, okuyiyona imbangela enkulu ye-rhabdomyolysis ezinganeni;
• Izifo zemisipha, njenge-myopathy ne-polio;
• Shintsha ekushiseni komzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-rhabdomyolysis nayo ingenzeka njengomphumela wokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kweziphuzo ezidakayo, ukushaqeka ngogesi, izifo ze-metabolic kanye nohlangothi.

Yelashwa kanjani

Lapho i-rhabdomyolysis ingenazinkinga, ivame ukuxazululwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuye emasontweni. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo kungadingeka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwenziwe nomuntu ongeniswe esibhedlela ukuze i-serum inikezwe ngqo emthanjeni ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu zesifo, njengokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi noma ukwehluleka kwezinso, okubangelwa yimisipha eyeqile imfucuza egazini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhomba imbangela ye-rhabdomyolysis ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele, uma kunesidingo. Ngakho-ke, uma kubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwanoma imuphi umuthi, ngokwesibonelo, kufanele uyeke ukuwuthatha bese ushintshela komunye umuthi ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.

Isikhathi sokwelashwa siyehluka ngokuya ngesizathu kanye nokuvela kwesiguli, futhi ngesikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela kuyadingeka ukuthi uboshwe ngamabhande ukuhlola inani lomchamo ngosuku futhi wenze nezinye izivivinyo zezinso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wezinso awuthinteki. Isiguli sivame ukukhishwa lapho izivivinyo zivamile futhi ayikho ingozi yokuba nokuhluleka kwezinso.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho izinso ziqala khona ukukhiqiza umchamo omncane, udokotela angahle anikeze i-dialysis ukusiza ukusebenza kwezinso, aqede izinto ezingaphezulu kwegazi okungenza ukuthi kube nzima ukwelashwa.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Inkinga ebucayi futhi ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-rhabdomyolysis ukubonakala kokulimala kwezinso, okungagcina kubangele ukwehluleka kwezinso. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwezinsalela egazini nakho kuholela ekwandeni kwamazinga e-potassium ne-phosphorus emzimbeni, okungagcina kuthinte ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, enye i-syndrome eyaziwa ngokuthi i-compartment syndrome nayo ingavela, lapho ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyekethiswa esifundeni somzimba, njengemilenze, izingalo noma imisipha ethile yesisu, okubangela ukufa kwezicubu. Qonda ukuthi yini i-compartment syndrome.