Isifo sikaHuntington: siyini, izimpawu, imbangela nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Imbangela yesifo sikaHuntington
• Yelashwa kanjani

Isifo sikaHuntington, esaziwa nangokuthi yi-Huntington's chorea, yisifo esingajwayelekile sezakhi zofuzo esidala ukungasebenzi kokuhamba, isimilo kanye nokukwazi ukuxhumana. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ziyaqhubeka, futhi zingaqala phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-35 nengama-45, kanti ukuxilongwa ezingeni lokuqala kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ziyafana nalezo zezinye izifo.

Isifo sikaHuntington asinalo ikhambi, kepha kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezinemithi esiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu nasekuthuthukiseni izinga lempilo, okufanele linikezwe ngudokotela wezifo zemizwa noma wezifo zengqondo, njenge-anti-depressants kanye ne-anxiolytics, ukwenza ngcono ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, noma i-Tetrabenazine, ukuze thuthukisa izinguquko ekunyakazeni nasekuziphatheni.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zesifo sikaHuntington zingahluka kuye ngomuntu, futhi zingathuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu noma ziqine ngokwengeziwe ngokuthi ukwelashwa kuyenziwa noma cha. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezihlobene nesifo sikaHuntington yilezi:

• Ukunyakaza okusheshayo kokuzithandela, okubizwa nge-chorea, aqala ukutholakala kwilungu elilodwa lomzimba, kepha, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, athinta izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zomzimba.
• Kunzima ukuhamba, ukukhuluma nokubukeka, noma ezinye izinguquko zokunyakaza;
• Ukuqina noma ukuthuthumela yemisipha;
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha, ngokucindezeleka, ukuthambekela kokuzibulala nokugula kwengqondo;
• Izinguquko zememori, nobunzima bokuxhumana;
• Kunzima ukukhuluma nokugwinya, kwandisa ingozi yokuminyaniswa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo kungahle kube nezinguquko ekulaleni, ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokungenhloso, ukwehla noma ukungakwazi ukwenza ukunyakaza ngokuzithandela. I-Chorea uhlobo lwesifo esibonakala ngokuba mfushane, njenge-spasm, esingadala ukuthi lesi sifo sididaniswe nezinye izifo, njenge-stroke, i-Parkinson's, i-Tourette's syndrome noma sithathwe njengomphumela wokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona izimpawu nezimpawu okungenzeka zikhombise i-Huntington's syndrome, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando wesifo emndenini, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela noma udokotela wezinzwa ukuze kuhlolwe izimpawu nezimpawu umuntu wenziwa, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging yokusebenza okufana ne-computed tomography noma i-magnetic resonance imaging nokuhlolwa kofuzo ukuqinisekisa ushintsho nokuqala ukwelashwa.

Imbangela yesifo sikaHuntington

Isifo sikaHuntington senzeka ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, okudluliselwa ngendlela yefa, futhi okunquma ukonakala kwezindawo ezibalulekile zobuchopho. Ukushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwalesi sifo kungohlobo oluvelele, okusho ukuthi kwanele ukuthola ifa lomunye wabazali ukuze babe sengozini yokulenza.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, kukhiqizwa uhlobo olushintshiwe lweprotheyini, okuholela ekufeni kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho futhi kuthande ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaHuntington kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela wezifo zemizwa nodokotela wezifo zengqondo, ozohlola ukuba khona kwezimpawu futhi aqondise ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwenza ngcono impilo yomuntu. Ngakho-ke, eminye yemithi engakhonjiswa yile:

• Izixazululo ezilawula ukunyakaza ziyashintsha, njengeTetrabenazine noma i-Amantadine, njengoba besebenza kuma-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni ukulawula lezi zinhlobo zezinguquko;
• Imithi elawula i-psychosis, njengeClozapine, iQuetiapine noma iRisperidone, esiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zengqondo nezinguquko zokuziphatha;
• Izidambisi, njenge-Sertraline, i-Citalopram neMirtazapine, engasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa imizwa nokuzola abantu abathukuthele kakhulu;
• Ama-Mood stabilizers, njengeCarbamazepine, iLamotrigine neValproic acid, ekhonjisiwe ukulawula imizwa yokuziphatha nokuziphoqa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, kusetshenziswa kuphela lapho kunezimpawu ezikhathaza umuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenza imisebenzi yokuvuselela, njengokwelashwa ngokomzimba noma ukwelashwa emsebenzini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu nokulungisa ukunyakaza.