I-Dalteparin, Isixazululo Somjovo

-Delile

• Okuvelele kwe-dalteparin
• Izexwayiso ezibalulekile
• Isexwayiso se-FDA: Ukuvuvukala kwe-Epidural noma komgogodla
  
• Ezinye izexwayiso
• Yini i-dalteparin?
• Kungani kusetshenziswa
• Isebenza kanjani
• Imiphumela emibi ye-Dalteparin
• Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile
• Imiphumela emibi kakhulu
• I-Dalteparin ingaxhumana neminye imithi
• Ukusebenzisana okwandisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi
• Izexwayiso ze-Dalteparin
• Isexwayiso somzimba
• Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kotshwala
• Izexwayiso zabantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo
• Izexwayiso kwamanye amaqembu
• Ungayithatha kanjani i-dalteparin
• Amafomu wezidakamizwa namandla
• Isikali sokuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene ne-angina engazinzile noma isifo senhliziyo
• Isikali sokuvimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma kwe-hip
• Isikali sokuvimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile kubantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe ngenxa yokugula okunzima
• Isikali sokwelashwa kwe-venous thrombosis kubantu abanomdlavuza
• Thatha njengoba kuqondisiwe
• Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokuthatha i-dalteparin
• Jikelele
• Isitoreji
• Ukugcwalisa kabusha
• Ukuvakasha
• Ukuzilawula
• Ukuqapha komtholampilo
• Ukutholakala
• Izindleko ezifihliwe
• Ngaphambi kokugunyazwa
• Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Okuvelele kwe-dalteparin

1. Isixazululo somjovo we-Dalteparin siyatholakala njengesidakamizwa esinegama lomkhiqizo kuphela. Akutholakali njengomuthi ojwayelekile. Igama lomkhiqizo: Fragmin.
2. I-Dalteparin iza kuphela ngesisombululo esingajova. Inikezwa ngomjovo ongaphansi. I-Dalteparin yisidakamizwa esizisebenzelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wena noma umnakekeli ungawujova umuthi.
3. I-Dalteparin yincipha yegazi. Isetshenziselwa uku:
   • ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene ne-angina engazinzile noma isifo senhliziyo
   • ukuvimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-hip esikhundleni
   • vimbela amahlule egazini emithanjeni ejulile yezingalo nemilenze yakho lapho ungakwazi ukunyakaza kakhulu ngenxa yokugula okunzima
   • welapha i-venous thrombosis uma unomdlavuza

Izexwayiso ezibalulekile

Isexwayiso se-FDA: Ukuvuvukala kwe-Epidural noma komgogodla

• Lesi sidakamizwa sinesixwayiso sebhokisi elimnyama. Lesi yisexwayiso esibi kakhulu esivela ku-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Isexwayiso sebhokisi elimnyama sazisa odokotela neziguli ngemiphumela yezidakamizwa engaba yingozi.
• Ukuthatha lesi sidakamizwa ngenkathi uthola imishanguzo efakwe esikhaleni se-epidural (emgogodleni), noma ngemuva kokwenza inqubo ebandakanya ukubhoboza ikholomu yakho yomgogodla, kungadala izinkinga ezithile. Lokhu kufaka ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi esikhaleni se-epidural. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungathinta ukunyakaza kwakho futhi kungaba unomphela. Abantu abathile basengozini enkulu yalokhu kuvuvukala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abane-catheter ye-epidural (ishubhu elifakwe esikhaleni se-epidural esisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngemithi) nabantu abasebenzisa imishanguzo ethinta ukujiya kwegazi, njengezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) noma ezinye izinciphisi zegazi. Bafaka nabantu abanomlando wokuhlinzwa komgogodla, ukukhubazeka komgogodla, noma izinqubo eziphindaphindwayo noma ezihlukumezayo noma izinqubo zomgogodla. Ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, udokotela wakho uzoqapha noma ibuphi ubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuba ndikindiki, noma ukunciphisa ukunyakaza.

Ezinye izexwayiso

• Isexwayiso samazinga eplatelet aphansi: Lesi sidakamizwa singehlisa isibalo somzimba wakho samaplatelets (amaseli egazi asiza ukujiya kwegazi). Lokhu kuphakamisa ingozi yakho yokopha.
• Isixwayiso sokopha: Lesi sidakamizwa siphakamisa ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi. Lokhu kungenzeka njengokuphuma kwamakhala, ukwanda kwemihuzuko, ukwanda kwegazi kusuka ekusikeni, noma ukopha ezinsinini ngemuva kokuxubha noma ukufutha. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi kube yigazi emchameni wakho, noma igazi esitokisini sakho (kungavela kubomvu okugqamile, okubomvu okumnyama, noma okumnyama nokulindile). Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho.
• Isixwayiso sakamuva sokuhlinzwa: Uma ngabe uhlinzwe muva nje (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule) ebuchosheni bakho, umgogodla, noma amehlo, ingozi yakho yokopha iyanda ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe.

Yini i-dalteparin?

I-Dalteparin ngumuthi kadokotela. Iza ngesisombululo esingajovwa. Inikezwa ngomjovo ongaphansi (umjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba). Lesi sidakamizwa siyazijova. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wena noma umnakekeli ungawujova umuthi.

I-Dalteparin iyatholakala njengesidakamizwa esinegama lomkhiqizo UFragmin. Akutholakali njengomuthi ojwayelekile.

Lesi sidakamizwa singasetshenziswa njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungadinga ukuyithatha neminye imithi.

Kungani kusetshenziswa

I-Dalteparin yincipha yegazi. Kuyasiza uku:

• ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene ne-angina engazinzile (ubuhlungu besifuba) noma isifo senhliziyo
• vimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile (amahlule egazini emithanjeni ejulile yemilenze noma yezingalo) ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-hip esikhundleni
• vimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile (amahlule egazi imithambo ejulile yemilenze noma yezingalo) ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-hip esikhundleni
• vimbela amahlule egazini emithanjeni ejulile yezingalo nemilenze yakho lapho ungakwazi ukunyakaza kakhulu ngenxa yokugula okunzima
• welapha i-venous thrombosis (amahlule egazini emithanjeni yakho) uma unomdlavuza

Isebenza kanjani

I-Dalteparin ingeyesigaba semithi ebizwa nge-low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Isigaba semithi siyiqembu lemithi esebenza ngendlela efanayo. Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifanayo.

I-Dalteparin isebenza ngokuvimba iprotheni ethile emzimbeni wakho ebangela ukujiya. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amahlule egazi angakhi. Uma une-clot yegazi, lo muthi uzoyiyeka ukuthi ingabi kubi kakhulu ngenkathi umzimba wakho udiliza ihlwili lodwa.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Dalteparin

Isixazululo somjovo we-Dalteparin asibangeli ukozela, kepha singadala eminye imiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile engenzeka nge-dalteparin ifaka:

• ukuvuvukala okugcwele igazi endaweni yomjovo
• ukwanda kokulimala noma ukopha
• ukopha isikhathi eside ngokusikeka noma ngokusikeka

Uma le miphumela imnene, ingahle ihambe zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa. Uma zinzima kakhulu noma zingahambi, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Shayela u-911 uma izimpawu zakho zizizwa zisongela impilo noma uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Imiphumela emibi kanye nezimpawu zayo zingafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukopha. Ingozi yakho iphakeme uma une noma uthuthukisa inani eliphansi leplatelet. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ukuvuvukala okugcwele igazi emgogodleni, okunezimpawu ze:
    • ukuncinza
    • ukuba ndikindiki emilenzeni
    • ubuthakathaka bemisipha
  • ukwanda kwamakhala ekhaleni
  • ukwanda kwezinsini ngemuva kokuxubha noma ukuflaza
  • ekhwehlela igazi
  • ukuhlanza igazi
  • igazi emchameni wakho
  • igazi kwizitokisi zakho (lingaba bomvu ngokukhanyayo, libe bomvu ngokumnyama, noma libe mnyama futhi lilinde)
  • ukulimala okwandayo
  • amabala abomvu amnyama ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho
• I-Gasping syndrome ezinganeni ezingakazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • inkinga yokuphefumula
• Ama-enzyme wesibindi andisiwe (njengoba kukhonjisiwe kudokotela wakho). Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ubuhlungu esiswini (esiswini)
  • isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
  • ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma okumhlophe kwamehlo akho
• Ukusabela okweqile. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ukulunywa
  • ukuqubuka
  • imfiva
  • isifuba (ukunwaya okuhlabayo)
  • ukusabela endaweni yomjovo, kufaka phakathi ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulunywa
  • inkinga yokuphefumula

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uxoxa ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo owazi umlando wakho wezokwelapha.

I-Dalteparin ingaxhumana neminye imithi

Isixazululo somjovo we-Dalteparin singasebenzisana neminye imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi okungenzeka ukuthi uthatha. Ukusebenzisana kulapho into iguqula indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi noma kuvimbele umuthi ukuthi usebenze kahle.

Ukusiza ukugwema ukuxhumana, udokotela wakho kufanele aphathe yonke imithi yakho ngokucophelela. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi owathathayo. Ukuthola ukuthi lo muthi ungahlangana kanjani nokunye okuthathayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Izibonelo zemithi engadala ukusebenzisana ne-dalteparin zibhalwe ngezansi.

Ukusebenzisana okwandisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi

Ukuthatha i-dalteparin ngemithi ethile kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi evela ku-dalteparin. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• Ama-Platelet inhibitors, njenge-prasugrel, i-ticagrelor, i-dipyridamole, noma i-clopidogrel.
  • Uma isetshenziswa nge-dalteparin, le mithi iphakamisa ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi okuyingozi.
• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-aspirin, ibuprofen, noma i-naproxen.
  • Uma isetshenziswa nge-dalteparin, le mithi iphakamisa ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi okuyingozi.
• Ama-anticoagulants omlomo, njenge-warfarin noma i-dabigatran.
  • Uma isetshenziswa nge-dalteparin, le mithi iphakamisa ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi okuyingozi.

* Udokotela wakho angakunikeza i-dalteparin nge-aspirin uma welashelwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma isifo senhliziyo.

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zisebenzisana ngokwehlukile kumuntu ngamunye, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya konke ukuxhumana okungenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuhlangana okungenzeka ngayo yonke imishanguzo kadokotela, amavithamini, amakhambi nezithako, kanye nemithi oyithenga uphuza yona.

Izexwayiso ze-Dalteparin

Lesi sidakamizwa siza nezixwayiso eziningana.

Isexwayiso somzimba

Lesi sidakamizwa singadala ukusabela okweqile komzimba. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ukuvuvukala komphimbo wakho noma ulimi
• ukulunywa
• ukuqubuka
• imfiva
• ukusabela endaweni yomjovo, njengokubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulunywa
• isifuba (ukunwaya okuhlabayo)

Uma uthuthukisa lezi zimpawu, shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze.

Ungaphinde uwuthathe lo muthi uma ngabe uke waba nokungezwani komzimba nawo. Ukuyithatha futhi kungaba yingozi (kungadala ukufa).

Isexwayiso sokusebenzisana kotshwala

I-Dalteparin iphakamisa ingozi yakho yokopha. Ukuba neziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi kukhulisa leyo ngozi. Uma uphuza utshwala, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungadinga ukuqashwa ngezimpawu zokopha.

Izexwayiso zabantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo

Kubantu abanomlando wokuhlinzwa komgogodla noma ukukhubazeka: Uma unemithi ejojowe esikhaleni sakho se-epidural (emgogodleni), noma unenqubo ebandakanya ukubhoboza ikholomu yakho yomgogodla, lo muthi uphakamisa ubungozi bokuphuma kwegazi kule ndawo. Uma unesici somgogodla noma uke wahlinzwa umgogodla muva nje, ubungozi bakho buphakeme. Lokhu kwakhiwa kwegazi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zokuhamba, kufaka phakathi ukukhubazeka okuyingxenye noma iningi lomzimba wakho. Lezi zinkinga zingaba unomphela.

Kubantu abopha kakhulu: Uma njengamanje wopha kakhulu, ungawusebenzisi lo muthi.

Kubantu abanomlando wokubalwa kweplatelet ephansi eyenziwe yizidakamizwa: Uma ngabe unenani eliphansi leplatelet elibangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-heparin yezidakamizwa, ungasebenzisi lo muthi.

Kubantu abanokungezwani komzimba ne-heparin noma ingulube: Ungawusebenzisi lo muthi uma ngabe uke wasabela kwi-heparin yezidakamizwa noma engulube.

Kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo zamanje noma ezedlule: Uma unomlando wezinkinga ezithile zenhliziyo, ingozi yakho yokopha iyanda lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. Lezi zinkinga zifaka:

• umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki
• ukutheleleka enhliziyweni yakho

Kubantu abanomlando wokushaywa unhlangothi: Ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi iyanda lapho usebenzisa lo muthi.

Kubantu abanezinkinga ezinzima zezinso noma zesibindi: Ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi iyanda lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe.

Kubantu abanezinkinga zamehlo: Uma unezinkinga zamehlo ezibangelwa ukucindezela kwamehlo okuphezulu noma isifo sikashukela, ingozi yakho yokopha iyanda lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe.

Kubantu abanezinkinga zokopha: Uma unezinkinga ezithile zokopha, ingozi yakho yokopha iyanda lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. Lezi zinkinga zifaka ukubalwa okuphansi kwama-platelets (amaseli egazi asiza igazi lakho ukuba lijiye), noma ama-platelet angasebenzi kahle. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe.

Kubantu abanezilonda esiswini noma ukopha esiswini muva nje: Ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi iyanda lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe.

Izexwayiso kwamanye amaqembu

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe: Ucwaningo alukhombisanga ukuxhumana okucacile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-dalteparin nemiphumela emibi embungwini. Kodwa-ke, amandla emiphumela emibi embungwini awunakuphikwa.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Lesi sidakamizwa kufanele sisetshenziswe kuphela ekukhulelweni uma kudingeka ngokusobala.

Futhi, lesi sidakamizwa singaqukatha i-benzyl alcohol. Lokhu kulondolozwa kungadala ukuqhuma kwesifo ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. I-Gasping syndrome idala inkinga yokuphefumula futhi ingaholela ekufeni. Uma ukhulelwe futhi udinga ukuthatha lo muthi, udokotela wakho kufanele anikeze inguqulo yalesi sidakamizwa engaqukethe i-benzyl alcohol.

Kwabesifazane abancelisayo: Lesi sidakamizwa singadlula ubisi lwebele futhi sidale imiphumela emibi enganeni enceliswa ibele. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma uncelisa ingane yakho ibele. Ungadinga ukunquma ukuthi uyeka ukuncelisa noma uyeke ukuthatha le mithi.

Okwabadala: Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani eliphakeme lomuthi lihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Uma ungaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65 futhi unesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angama-99 (45 kg) noma unezinkinga zezinso, usengozini enkulu yokopha ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi.

Okwezingane: Lo muthi awufundwanga ezinganeni. Akufanele isetshenziswe kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

Ungayithatha kanjani i-dalteparin

Yonke imithamo engenzeka kanye namafomu ezidakamizwa kungenzeka angafakwa lapha. Umthamo wakho, ifomu lesidakamizwa, nokuthi uwuthatha kangaki umuthi kuzoya ngokuthi:

• iminyaka yakho
• isimo esilashwa
• sinzima kangakanani isimo sakho
• ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo
• ukuthi usabela kanjani esilinganisweni sokuqala

Amafomu wezidakamizwa namandla

Umkhiqizo: UFragmin

• Ifomu: Isirinji egcwaliswe ngomthamo owodwa
• Amandla: 2,500 IU / 0.2 mL, 5,000 IU / 0.2 ml, 7,500 IU / 0.3 mL, 12,500 IU / 0.5 ml, 15,000 IU / 0.6 mL, 18,000 IU / 0.72 ml

• Ifomu: Isirinji egcwaliswe ngomthamo owodwa
• Amandla: 10,000 IU / ml

• Ifomu: Isitsha semithamo eminingi
• Amandla: 95,000 IU / 3.8 mL

Isikali sokuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene ne-angina engazinzile noma isifo senhliziyo

Isilinganiso sabantu abadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 kuye kwengu-64)

Umthamo wakho uzosuselwa kusisindo sakho.

• Isilinganiso esivamile: I-120 IU / kg njalo emahoreni ayi-12 kanye ne-aspirin (75-165 mg ngosuku).
• Ubude obujwayelekile bokwelashwa: Izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili.
• Umthamo omkhulu: 10,000 IU ngomjovo ngamunye.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0 kuye kwengu-17)

Lo muthi awufundwanga ezinganeni. Akufanele isetshenziswe kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani eliphakeme lomuthi lihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo ophansi noma uhlelo oluhlukile lokulinganisa. Lokhu kungasiza ukugcina amazinga alo muthi ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isikali sokuvimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma kwe-hip

Isilinganiso sabantu abadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 kuye kwengu-64)

• Isilinganiso esivamile: Umthamo ojwayelekile we-dalteparin uyahluka ngokuya ngokuthi udokotela wakho angathanda ukuqala nini ukwelashwa kanye nengozi yakho yamahlule. Udokotela wakho uzokunquma isilinganiso esihle kakhulu kuwe.
• Ubude obujwayelekile bokwelashwa: Izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-10.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0 kuye kwengu-17)

Lo muthi awufundwanga ezinganeni. Akufanele isetshenziswe kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani eliphakeme lomuthi lihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo ophansi noma uhlelo oluhlukile lokulinganisa. Lokhu kungasiza ukugcina amazinga alo muthi ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isikali sokuvimbela i-vein thrombosis ejulile kubantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe ngenxa yokugula okunzima

Isilinganiso sabantu abadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 kuye kwengu-64)

• Isilinganiso esivamile: I-5,000 IU kanye nsuku zonke.
• Ubude obujwayelekile bokwelashwa: Izinsuku eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-14.
• Umthamo omkhulu: 10,000 IU ngomjovo ngamunye.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0 kuye kwengu-17)

Lo muthi awufundwanga ezinganeni. Akufanele isetshenziswe kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani eliphakeme lomuthi lihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo ophansi noma uhlelo oluhlukile lokulinganisa. Lokhu kungasiza ukugcina amazinga alo muthi ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isikali sokwelashwa kwe-venous thrombosis kubantu abanomdlavuza

Umthamo wakho uzosuselwa kusisindo sakho.

Isilinganiso sabantu abadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 kuye kwengu-64)

• Isilinganiso esivamile: I-200 IU / kg kanye ngosuku nsuku zonke ezinsukwini ezingama-30 zokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-150 IU / kg kanye nsuku zonke izinyanga ezi-2 kuye kwezi-6.
• Ubude obujwayelekile bokwelashwa: Kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-6.
• Umthamo omkhulu: 18,000 IU nsuku zonke.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0 kuye kwengu-17)

Lo muthi awufundwanga ezinganeni. Akufanele isetshenziswe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (oneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu)

Izinso zabantu abadala zingase zingasebenzi ngendlela ababevame ngayo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umzimba wakho ukwazi ukucubungula izidakamizwa kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani eliphakeme lomuthi lihlala emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Udokotela wakho angakuqala ngomthamo ophansi noma uhlelo oluhlukile lokulinganisa. Lokhu kungasiza ukugcina amazinga alo muthi ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlu lubandakanya yonke imithamo engenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngemithamo ekufanele.

Thatha njengoba kuqondisiwe

Isixazululo somjovo we-Dalteparin sisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhashana. Kuza nezingozi ezinkulu uma ungayithathi njengokuyalelwe.

Uma uyeka ukuthatha umuthi ngokungazelelwe noma ungawuthathi nhlobo: Ungaba namahlule egazi noma ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu.

Uma uphuthelwa imithamo noma ungaphuzi umuthi ngesikhathi: Imithi yakho kungenzeka ingasebenzi kahle noma ingayeka ukusebenza ngokuphelele. Ukuze lo muthi usebenze kahle, inani elithile lidinga ukuba semzimbeni wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Uma uthatha kakhulu: Ungaba namazinga ayingozi omuthi emzimbeni wakho. Izimpawu zokweqisa izidakamizwa zalesi sidakamizwa zingafaka ukopha okukhulu.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe kakhulu lo muthi, shayela udokotela wakho noma isikhungo sendawo sokulawula ubuthi. Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.

Okufanele ukwenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo: Thatha umthamo wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kepha uma ukhumbula amahora ambalwa ngaphambi komthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, thatha umthamo owodwa kuphela. Ungalokothi uzame ukuthola ngokuthatha amanani amabili ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eyingozi.

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza: Ungase ungazizwa uhlukile lapho lo muthi usebenza. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uqhubeka nokuyithatha njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele.

Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokuthatha i-dalteparin

Gcina lokhu kubheka engqondweni uma udokotela wakho ekutshela i-dalteparin.

Jikelele

• Thatha lo muthi ngesikhathi (izi) esinconywe ngudokotela wakho.

Isitoreji

• Gcina lesi sidakamizwa ekamelweni eliphakathi kuka-68 ° F no-77 ° F (20 ° C no-25 ° C).
• Gcina lesi sidakamizwa kude nokukhanya.
• Ungawugcini lo muthi ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezinomswakama, njengezindlu zangasese.
• Ngemuva kokusebenzisa isitsha semithamo eminingi okokuqala ngqa, ungasigcina kuze kube amasonto amabili. Ngemuva kwaleso sikhathi, kufanele uyilahle kude.

Ukugcwalisa kabusha

Imibhalo kadokotela yalomuthi iyagcwaliseka. Akudingeki ukuthi unikezwe umuthi omusha kadokotela ukuze ugcwaliswe futhi lo muthi. Udokotela wakho uzobhala inani lama-refill eligunyazwe kudokotela wakho.

Ukuvakasha

Lapho uhamba nemithi yakho:

• Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha imithi yakho. Lapho undiza, ungalokothi uwufake esikhwameni esihloliwe. Yigcine esikhwameni sakho sokuthwala.
• Ungakhathazeki ngemishini ye-X-ray yesikhumulo sezindiza. Abakwazi ukulimaza umuthi wakho.
• Ungadinga ukukhombisa abasebenzi bezindiza ilebula lekhemisi lemithi yakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha isitsha sokuqala esinelebula kadokotela.
• Ungafaki lo muthi egumbini legilavu ​​lemoto yakho noma uwushiye emotweni. Qinisekisa ukugwema ukwenza lokhu lapho isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu noma sibanda kakhulu.

Ukuzilawula

Udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi angakutshela ukuthi ungawujova kanjani kahle lo muthi. Nawa amathiphu ambalwa:

• Jova lo muthi uhleli noma ulele.
• Musa ukujova lo muthi emisipheni. Ungayijova ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
  • indawo ezungeze inkinobho yakho yesisu
  • indawo engaphezulu engaphezulu yamathanga akho
  • indawo engenhla yezinqe zakho
• Shintsha indawo yakho yokujova nsuku zonke.
• Ungahlanganisi lo muthi neminye imijovo.

Ukuqapha komtholampilo

Wena nodokotela wakho kufanele niqaphele izinkinga ezithile zezempilo. Lokhu kungasiza ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi uhlala uphephile ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi. Lezi zinkinga zifaka:

• Ukubalwa kweplatelet: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabheka inani lama-platelets egazini lakho. Uma inani lakho leplatelet liphansi, udokotela wakho angehlisa isilinganiso sakho salesi sidakamizwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokopha. Bangayeka nokusebenzisa kwakho lesi sidakamizwa.
• Izinkinga zezinso: Uma unezinkinga zezinso, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ukubona ukuthi ngabe udinga umthamo ophansi walesi sidakamizwa. Uma unomdlavuza, udokotela wakho futhi angaqapha amazinga akho egazi leprotheni ebizwa nge-anti-Xa. Ukwazi amazinga akho e-anti-Xa kungasiza udokotela wakho ukunquma isilinganiso esihle kakhulu salesi sidakamizwa kuwe. Amazinga akho ale phrotheni ahlolwa kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lezi zivivinyo zivame ukwenziwa amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha ngemuva komthamo wakho wesithathu noma wesine walesi sidakamizwa.
• Izinkinga ezivela ku-anesthesia ye-epidural: Uma uthatha lesi sidakamizwa futhi une-anesthesia ye-epidural (imithi yezinhlungu enikezwa ngenaliti emgogodleni wakho), udokotela wakho angakuqapha ngezimpawu ezithile. Lezi zimpawu zingaba uphawu lwezinkinga zemizwa. Kubandakanya:
  • ukuhlungu obusemhlane
  • ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka emilenzeni
  • ukwehluleka ukulawula isinye noma amathumbu

Ukutholakala

Akuwona wonke amakhemisi agcina lo muthi. Lapho ugcwalisa incwadi kadokotela, qiniseka ukuthi ushayela phambili ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ikhemisi lakho liyawuphatha.

Izindleko ezifihliwe

Ungadinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho nalesi sidakamizwa. Izindleko zalezi zivivinyo zizoya ngokutholakala komshuwalense wakho.

Ngaphambi kokugunyazwa

Izinkampani eziningi zomshuwalense zidinga ukugunyazwa kwangaphambili kwalomuthi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho angadinga ukuthola imvume enkampanini yakho yomshuwalense ngaphambi kokuba inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ikhokhele incwadi kadokotela.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Kuneminye imithi etholakalayo yokwelapha isimo sakho. Ezinye zingakulungela kangcono kunabanye. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izinketho zezidakamizwa ezingakusebenzela.

Ukuzikhulula: I-Healthline yenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lonke ulwazi luyiqiniso, luphelele futhi lusesikhathini. Kodwa-ke, le ndatshana akufanele isetshenziswe njengokungena esikhundleni solwazi nobungoti bochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo onelayisense. Kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi. Imininingwane yezidakamizwa equkethwe lapha ingashintsha futhi ayihloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona, izinkomba, izixwayiso, izexwayiso, ukuxhumana kwezidakamizwa, ukungezwani komzimba, noma imiphumela emibi. Ukungabikho kwezixwayiso noma olunye ulwazi lomuthi othile awukhombisi ukuthi inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa noma yezidakamizwa iphephile, iyasebenza, noma ilungele zonke iziguli noma konke ukusetshenziswa okuthile.