Umhlahlandlela Wezingxoxo Zodokotela: Yini Ongayibuza I-Oncologist Yakho Mayelana Nemithi Yokwelapha Ngomdlavuza Webele Wokuqala

-Delile

• 1. Kungani lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kimi?
• 2. Uyini umgomo walokhu kwelashwa?
• 3. Kusebenza kanjani ukulawula umdlavuza?
• 4. Yiziphi izinkinga ezikhona zokwelashwa?
• 5. Ingalawulwa kanjani imiphumela emibi?
• 6. Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukulungiselela le mpatho?
• 7. Kungayithinta kanjani indlela yami yokuphila?
• 8. Sizokwazi kanjani ukuthi iyasebenza?
• 9. Uma kungasebenzi, yisiphi isinyathelo sethu esilandelayo?

Awuqinisekile ukuthi uzobuzani ngesikhathi sakho sokuqokwa okulandelayo? Nayi imibuzo eyisishiyagalolunye ongayicabangela mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala.

1. Kungani lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kimi?

Kunezindlela eziningi zokubhekana nokwelashwa komdlavuza webele. Udokotela wakho wenza izincomo ngokuya ngezici ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• uhlobo lomdlavuza webele
• isigaba sokuxilongwa
• iminyaka yakho
• impilo yakho yonke, kubandakanya noma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha
• noma ngabe lokhu kungukuxilongwa okusha noma ukuphindeka
• ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini nokuthi ukubekezelele kangakanani
• okuthandayo

Kungani kubalulekile: Ngoba wonke umdlavuza webele awufani, futhi nezindlela zakho zokwelashwa azifani. Ukuqonda izinketho ezitholakalayo zomdlavuza wakho kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ukuthi wenza isinqumo esihle.

2. Uyini umgomo walokhu kwelashwa?

Uma unomdlavuza webele osuthuthukile, izinhloso zakho zingahluka kunokuthi ngabe unomdlavuza webele wesigaba sokuqala. Ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele yilezi:

• umdlavuza wakho webele ususebenze kangakanani futhi yiziphi izitho ezithintekayo
• ubudala
• impilo yonke

Ngokuyisisekelo, ufuna ukuqonda isimo esihle kakhulu salolu hlobo lokwelashwa. Ngabe inhloso yokuqeda wonke umdlavuza? Nciphisa isimila? Ukubambezela ukusabalala komdlavuza? Ukwelapha ubuhlungu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo?

Kungani kubalulekile: Kubalulekile ukuthi imigomo yakho siqu kanye nodokotela wakho kuvumelaniswe. Uma kungenjalo, yiba nengxoxo ethembekile mayelana nokulindelwe.

3. Kusebenza kanjani ukulawula umdlavuza?

Ukwelashwa ngakunye komdlavuza webele kusebenza ngokuhlukile.

Isibonelo, ukwelashwa ngemisebe isebenzisa imishayo yamandla ephezulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Izidakamizwa ze-Chemotherapy zifuna futhi zibhubhise amaseli akhula ngokushesha, kufaka phakathi amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kwamahomoni ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-HR-positive (hormone receptor-positive) umisa umzimba wakho ekwenzeni i-estrogen. Amanye avimba ama-hormone ekuhlanganiseni namaseli womdlavuza. Enye ivimba ama-estrogen receptors kumaseli womdlavuza, bese ibulala ama-receptors.

Imithi yokwelashwa ehlosiwe ye-HER2-positive (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive) umdlavuza webele uhlasela ukukhubazeka okuthile kumaseli womdlavuza.

Udokotela wakho angakuchaza kahle ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kanjani ukulawula umdlavuza.

Kungani kubalulekile: Ukuphila nomdlavuza webele kungaba yinselele. Kunolwazi oluningi okufanele uluthathe, futhi nokwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela ekwelashweni kwakho kungasiza.

4. Yiziphi izinkinga ezikhona zokwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa ngakunye komdlavuza webele kungadala isethi ethile yemiphumela emibi.

Imisebe ingadala:

• ukucasuka kwesikhumba
• ukukhathala
• ukulimala ezithweni eziseduze

I-Chemotherapy ingadala:

• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukukhathala
• ukulahleka kwezinwele
• izinzipho ezinamazinyo amancane nezinzwani
• izilonda zomlomo noma izinsini ezophayo
• ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka
• ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Izinkinga zokwelashwa kweHormone ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuthi othile, futhi zingafaka:

• ukushisa okushisayo noma ukujuluka ebusuku
• ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• ukuncipha kwamathambo (ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo)
• ingozi eyengeziwe yamahlule egazi nesifo sohlangothi

Imithi yokwelashwa ehlosiwe yomdlavuza webele we-HER2 + ingadala:

• ikhanda
• isicanucanu
• isifo sohudo
• ubuhlungu bezandla nezinyawo
• ukulahleka kwezinwele
• ukukhathala
• izinkinga zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu
• ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka

Udokotela wakho angakuchazela ngezinkinga ezikhona kakhulu zokwelashwa ozozithatha.

Kungani kubalulekile: Izinkinga zingethusa uma ungazilindelanga. Ukwazi amanye amathuba kusengaphambili kungakongela ukukhathazeka okuthile.

5. Ingalawulwa kanjani imiphumela emibi?

Ungabhekana nemiphumela emibi embalwa, kepha eminye ingaphazamisa impilo yakho. Imithi ethile ingasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye izimpawu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• imithi yezinhlungu
• imishanguzo ye-antinausea
• okokugcoba isikhumba
• ukuhlanza umlomo
• ukuvivinya umzimba ngobumnene nokwelashwa okuhambisanayo

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imishanguzo nezeluleko zokuphathwa kwezimpawu, noma ngisho nokukudlulisela kuchwepheshe wokunakekelwa okunciphisayo.

Kungani kubalulekile: Uma ukwelashwa kuyasebenza futhi ungenza okuthile ukwenza imiphumela engemihle ibekezeleleke, uzokwazi ukunamathela ekwelashweni kwakho kwamanje. Uma imiphumela emibi iba engabekezeleleki, kuzofanele ucabangele ezinye izindlela.

6. Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukulungiselela le mpatho?

Kungenzeka ungadingi ukwenza lutho ukuzilungiselela, kepha uzofuna ukwazi izinto ezimbalwa ezincike ohlotsheni lokwelashwa.

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe, uzofuna ukubuza:

• Isikhathi ngasinye sokwelapha sizothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Yini ehilelekile?
• Ngizokwazi ukuzishayela?
• Ngabe ngidinga ukulungisa isikhumba sami nganoma iyiphi indlela?

Ngokuphathelene ne-chemotherapy, kufanele uthole izimpendulo kulokhu okulandelayo:

• Imithi ngayinye izothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Yini ehilelekile?
• Ngizokwazi ukuzishayela?
• Ngabe kukhona engikudingayo ukuletha?
• Ngabe ngizodinga ichweba le-chemo?

Ithimba lakho le-oncology lingaphinde linikeze ngamathiphu wokuthi ungazenza kanjani ukhululeke ngesikhathi nangemva kwalokhu kwelashwa.

Imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho mayelana nezindlela zokwelashwa eziqondisiwe:

• Ingabe lo muthi womlomo, umjovo, noma ukumnika?
• Ngizoyithatha kangaki?
• Ngabe ngidinga ukuyithatha ngesikhathi esithile noma ngokudla?
• Ngabe kukhona ukuxhumana okungenzeka kube khona kwezidakamizwa neminye imithi yami?

Kungani kubalulekile: Ukwelashwa komdlavuza akufanele kube yinto evele yenzeke kuwe. Ngokubuza imibuzo efanele, ungaba umlingani osebenzayo ekwelashweni kwakho.

7. Kungayithinta kanjani indlela yami yokuphila?

Ukuphila nomdlavuza webele kungathinta yonke ingxenye yempilo yakho, kusuka emsebenzini kuye emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa kuya ebudlelwaneni bomndeni. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zidinga ukuzibophezela kwesikhathi esiningi futhi zidale imiphumela emibi.

Kubalulekile enhlalakahleni yakho ukuthi udokotela wakho aqonde izinto eziza kuqala kuwe.

Kungani kubalulekile: Uma kunemicimbi ethile noma imisebenzi ebalulekile kuwe, ufuna ukuthola wonke amathuba okubamba iqhaza futhi uyijabulele ngokugcwele.

8. Sizokwazi kanjani ukuthi iyasebenza?

Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwazi ukuthi ukwelashwa komdlavuza kusebenza ngokushesha yini. Ungakha futhi ukumelana neminye imithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokuya ngokwelapha kwakho, ungadinga ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ubone ukuthi kuyasebenza yini. Lokhu kungafaka:

• ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-X-ray, i-CT scan, noma ukuskena kwamathambo
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola izimpawu zesimila
• ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu

Kungani kubalulekile: Uma ukwelashwa okuthile kungasebenzi, akunasisekelo sokuqhubeka, ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nemiphumela engemihle.

9. Uma kungasebenzi, yisiphi isinyathelo sethu esilandelayo?

Umdlavuza uyinkimbinkimbi. Ukwelashwa kolayini wokuqala akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ukushintsha ukwelashwa akuvamile. Kungumqondo omuhle ukwazi ukuthi yini ongakhetha kuyo phansi komgwaqo.

Kungani kubalulekile: Kungaba nezinye izinto ongazama ngazo. Uma unomdlavuza webele osuthuthukile, ungafuna ukumisa ukwelashwa komdlavuza ngesikhathi esithile. Kulokhu, usengaqhubeka nokwelashwa okunciphisayo, kwekhwalithi yempilo.