Isifo i-Addison: siyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani

Isifo i-Addison, esaziwa ngokuthi "ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-adrenal" noma "i-Addison's syndrome", senzeka lapho ama-adrenal noma ama-adrenal gland, atholakala phezulu ezinso, eyeka ukukhiqiza ama-hormone i-cortisol ne-aldosterone, okuyiyona ebhekele ukulawula ukucindezeleka, igazi ukucindezela nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, ukuntuleka kwalawa mahomoni kungaholela ebuthakathakeni, kwi-hypotension kanye nomuzwa wokukhathala okujwayelekile. Ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi iyini i-cortisol nokuthi yenzelwe ini.

Lesi sifo singenzeka kubantu banoma yibuphi ubudala, abesilisa noma abesifazane, kepha sivame kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-40 ubudala, futhi singadalwa yizinto eziningana, njengokusebenzisa isikhathi eside imithi, izifo noma izifo ezizimele, isibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo i-Addison kunqunywa yi-endocrinologist ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu nomthamo wamahomoni ngokuhlolwa kwegazi futhi imvamisa kufaka ukungezelelwa kwehomoni.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zivela njengoba amazinga e-hormone ancipha, angafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu;
• Ukuncipha;
• I-anorexia;
• Amachashaza esikhunjeni, ezinsinini nasemaphethweni, okuthiwa i-hyperpigmentation yesikhumba;
• Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni;
• I-postural hypotension, ehambelana nesiyezi lapho isukuma, nokuquleka.

Ngenxa yokuthi ayinazo izimpawu ezithile, isifo i-Addison sivame ukudideka nezinye izifo, njenge-anemia noma ukucindezeleka, okuholela ekubambezelekeni kokuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo, elebhu kanye ne-imaging, njenge-tomography, imaging resonance imaging kanye nokuhlolwa kokubheka ukuminyana kwe-sodium, potassium, ACTH kanye ne-cortisol egazini. Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukwenza isivivinyo se-ACTH sokukhuthaza, lapho ukugxilwa kwe-cortisol kukalwa khona ngaphambi nangemva kokusetshenziswa komjovo wokwenziwa we-ACTH. Bona ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-ACTH kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani.

Ukutholakala kwesifo i-Addison kuvame ukwenziwa ngezigaba ezithuthuke kakhulu, ngoba ukugqokwa kwezindlala ze-adrenal noma ze-adrenal kwenzeka kancane, okwenza kube nzima ukubona izimpawu zokuqala.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Isifo i-Addison sivame ukubangelwa izifo ezizimele, lapho amasosha omzimba eqala khona ukuhlasela umzimba uqobo, ongaphazamisa ukusebenza kwezindlala ze-adrenal. Kodwa-ke, kungabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, ukutheleleka kwamafungal, amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya, njenge-blastomycosis, i-HIV nesifo sofuba, isibonelo, ngaphezu kwama-neoplasms.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwesifo i-Addison kuhlose ukubuyisela ukushoda kwe-hormonal ngemithi, ukuze izimpawu zinyamalale. Eminye yale mithi ifaka:

• I-Cortisol noma i-hydrocortisone;
• Fludrocortisone;
• IPrednisone;
• I-Prednisolone;
• I-Dexamethasone.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngesincomo se-endocrinologist futhi kufanele kwenziwe impilo yonke, ngoba lesi sifo asinakho ukwelashwa, kepha ngokwelashwa kungenzeka ukulawula izimpawu. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi, ukudla okunothe nge-sodium, calcium ne-vitamin D, kusiza ukulwa nezimpawu, futhi kufanele kuboniswe ngongoti wokudla.