Siyini Isifo Sezingubo nokuthi Ungaselapha Kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nalesi sifo
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ziyini izigaba zokuziphendukela kwemvelo
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• 1. Ukuhlinzwa nge-Laser
• 2. I-Cryotherapy
• 3. Umjovo we-Corticosteroid

Isifo samajazi ukugula okungajwayelekile okuthinta ukukhula okujwayelekile kwemithambo yegazi esweni, ikakhulukazi kwi-retina, indawo lapho izithombe esizibonayo zenziwa khona.

Kubantu abanalesi sifo, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi imithambo yegazi ekwi-retina idabuke, ngakho-ke, igazi liyaqoqeka futhi lidale ukuvuvukala kwe-retina, okuholela ekuboneni okufiphele, kwehle ukubona futhi, kwezinye izimo, kuze kube ubumpumputhe.

Isifo samajazi sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa nangemva kweminyaka engu-8 ubudala, kodwa singenzeka kunoma ngubani, noma ngabe awukho umlando womndeni walesi sifo. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokuxilongwa ukuvimbela ukungaboni.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zokuqala nezimpawu zesifo samajazi zivame ukuvela ebuntwaneni futhi zifaka:

• Strabismus;
• Ubukhona befilimu emhlophe ngemuva kwelensi yeso;
• Ukwehla kokubona okujulile;
• Ukwehliswa kombono.

Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ezinye izimpawu zingaqala ukuvela, njenge:

• Umbala obomvu ku-iris;
• Ukubomvu okuqhubekayo kweso;
• Izimpophoma;
• I-glaucoma.

Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimpawu zithinta iso elilodwa kuphela, kodwa futhi zingavela kuzo zombili. Ngakho-ke, noma nini lapho kuvela izinguquko esweni noma embonweni, ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wezifo zamehlo, noma ngabe kuthinta iso elilodwa kuphela.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nalesi sifo

Isifo samajazi singenzeka kunoma ngubani, ngoba asibonakali sihlobene nanoma yisiphi isici sofuzo esingazuzwa njengefa. Kodwa-ke, kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa naphakathi kweminyaka eyi-8 nengu-16 ubudala, ikakhulukazi uma kube nezimpawu zesifo kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kufanele kuhlale kwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo ngokuhlolwa kweso, ukuhlolwa kwezakhiwo zeso nokubona izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba izimpawu zingafana nezinye izifo zeso, kungadingeka futhi ukwenza izivivinyo zokuxilonga njenge-retina angiography, i-ultrasound noma i-computed tomography, ngokwesibonelo.

Ziyini izigaba zokuziphendukela kwemvelo

Ukukhula kwesifo samaJazi kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko:

• Isigaba 1: kunemithambo yegazi engajwayelekile ku-retina, kepha ayikaphuli ngakho-ke azikho izimpawu;
• Isigaba 2: kukhona ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi ku-retina, okuholela ekuqongeleleni kwegazi nasekulahlekelweni kancane kombono;
• Isigaba 3: ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqoqwa koketshezi, okuholela kwizimpawu ezinjengokukhanya kokukhanya, izindawo ezimnyama embonweni nokungakhululeki esweni. Funda kabanzi mayelana neqembu le-retinal;
• Isigaba 4: ngokunyuka kancane kancane koketshezi ngaphakathi kweso, kukhona ukwanda kwengcindezi okungadala i-glaucoma, lapho kuthinteka khona i-optic nerve, umbono okhubaza kakhulu;
• Isigaba 5: yisigaba esithuthuke kakhulu sesifo lapho ubumpumputhe nobuhlungu obukhulu esweni buvela, ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi eyihaba.

Kwabanye abantu, lesi sifo singahle singadluli kuzo zonke izigaba futhi isikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo siyahlukahluka impela. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqala ukwelashwa lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala, ukugwema ukuvela kobumpumputhe.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ukuvikela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele siqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukugwema ukuqala kokulimala kanzima okuholela ekungaboni. Ezinye zezinketho ezingakhonjiswa ngudokotela wamehlo zifaka:

1. Ukuhlinzwa nge-Laser

Luhlobo lokwelashwa olusebenzisa umsebe wokukhanya ukuncipha noma ukucekela phansi imithambo yegazi engajwayelekile ku-retina, ibavimbele ekuqhekekeni nasekuholeleni ekuqoqeni kwegazi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo ehhovisi likadokotela nange-anesthesia yendawo.

2. I-Cryotherapy

Kulokhu kwelashwa, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-laser, i-ophthalmologist yenza okuncane okubandayo kakhulu eduze nemithambo yegazi yeso ukuze yelaphe futhi ivale, ivimbele ukuthi ingaphuli.

3. Umjovo we-Corticosteroid

AmaCorticosteroids asetshenziswa ngqo esweni ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezimweni esezithuthuke kakhulu zalesi sifo, okusiza ukuqeda ukungakhululeki futhi kungahle kuthuthukise nombono wakho kancane. Le mijovo idinga ukwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela nge-anesthesia yendawo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinketho, uma kune-retinal detachment noma i-glaucoma, ukwelashwa komunye wale miphumela kufanele futhi kuqaliswe, ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda kwezilonda.