Izifo ezidalwa wuthikha

-Delile

• 1. Umkhuhlane onamabala
• 2. Isifo seLyme
• 3. Isifo sikaPowassan
• Ungawususa kanjani umkhaza esikhumbeni
• Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso

Imikhaza yizilwane ezitholakala ezilwaneni, njengezinja, amakati kanye namagundane, futhi ezingathwala amabhaktheriya namagciwane ayingozi kakhulu empilweni yabantu.

Izifo ezidalwa yimikhaza zibucayi futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okuqondile ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwesifo esithathelanayo esibhekene nalesi sifo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwehluleka komzimba. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa okufanele ngokwesifo.

Izifo eziyinhloko ezidalwa yimikhaza yilezi:

1. Umkhuhlane onamabala

Umkhuhlane onamabala waziwa kakhulu njengesifo semikhaza futhi uhambelana nokutheleleka okudluliselwa umkhaza wenkanyezi otheleleke ngamagciwane URickettsia rickettsii. Ukudluliselwa kwalesi sifo kubantu kwenzeka lapho umkhaza uluma umuntu, udlulisela amagciwane ngqo egazini lomuntu. Kodwa-ke, ukuze lesi sifo sidlulise, umkhaza udinga ukuhlala uthintana nalo muntu amahora ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi.

Kujwayelekile ukuthi ngemuva kokulunywa ngumkhaza, kubonakala ukubonakala kwamabala abomvu ezihlakaleni nasemaqakaleni okungahambi ukuluma, ngaphezu kokungenzeka komkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-39illsC, ukugodola, ubuhlungu besisu, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu obungapheli bemisipha. Kubalulekile ukuthi isifo sikhonjwe futhi silashwe ngokushesha, ngoba singaba nemiphumela emibi kwezempilo uma singelashwa kahle. Yazi ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane obonwayo.

2. Isifo seLyme

Isifo seLyme sithinta iNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi i-United States of America kanye neYurophu, sidluliswa ngomkhaza wohlobo Ama-Ixode, ibhaktheriya elibangela lesi sifo ukuba yigciwane IBorrelia burgdorferi, okubangela ukusabela kwendawo ngokuvuvukala nokubomvu. Kodwa-ke, amabhaktheriya angafinyelela ezithweni ezidala izinkinga ezinkulu ezingadala ukufa uma umkhaza ungasuswa esizeni futhi ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic kungaqalwa ekuqaleni kwezimpawu.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa kwesifo seLyme.

3. Isifo sikaPowassan

IPowassan wuhlobo lwegciwane olungathelelelela imikhaza, okuthi uma abantu beluluma balidlulise. Igciwane elisemgudwini wegazi labantu lingahle lingabonakali noma liholele ezimpawu ezivamile ezifana nomkhuhlane, ikhanda, ukuhlanza nokuba buthakathaka. Kodwa-ke, leli gciwane laziwa njenge-neuroinvasive, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezinzima.

Isifo esibi esibangelwa igciwane lePowassan singabonakala ngokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kobuchopho, okwaziwa nge-encephalitis, noma ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla, obizwa nge-meningitis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwaleli gciwane ohlelweni lwezinzwa kungadala ukulahleka kokuxhumana, ukudideka kwengqondo, izinkinga ngokukhuluma nokulahleka kwememori.

Igciwane lePowassan lingadluliselwa ngomkhaza ofanayo obhekene nesifo seLyme, umkhaza wohlobo lwe-Ixode, noma kunjalo, ngokungafani nesifo seLyme, igciwane lingadluliselwa ngokushesha kubantu, kungakapheli imizuzu, ngenkathi lisesifo seLyme, ukudluliswa kwesifo isifo sithatha amahora angama-48.

Ungawususa kanjani umkhaza esikhumbeni

Indlela engcono yokugwema lezi zifo akukhona ukuxhumana nomkhaza, kodwa-ke, uma umkhaza unamathele esikhunjeni, kubalulekile ukuxhumana okuningi lapho ususa ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe udlawana ukubamba umkhaza nokuwususa.

Bese, ugeza isikhumba ngensipho namanzi. Akunconyelwe ukusebenzisa izandla zakho, ukujija noma ukuchoboza umkhaza, futhi akufanele kusetshenziswe imikhiqizo efana notshwala noma umlilo.

Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso

Ngemuva kokukhipha umkhaza esikhumbeni, izimpawu zokugula zingavela zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14 ususiwe, kunconywa ukuthi uye esibhedlela uma izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda, izindawo ezibomvu esikhunjeni zivela.