Imithi Yokuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo

-Delile

• Ama-beta blockers
• I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• Ama-antiplatelet agents
• Ama-anticoagulants
• Imithi ye-thrombolytic
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho

Ukubuka konke

Imithi ingaba ithuluzi eliphumelelayo ekwelapheni i-myocardial infarction, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kungasiza futhi ukuvikela ukuhlaselwa okuzayo.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi zisebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ukufeza lezi zinhloso. Isibonelo, umuthi wokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ungasiza:

• wehlisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• vimbela amahlule ukuba akhe emithanjeni yakho yegazi
• qeda amahlule uma akha

Nalu uhlu lwemithi ejwayelekile yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, kungani isetshenziswa, nezibonelo zayo ngayinye.

Ama-beta blockers

Ama-beta-blockers avame ukubhekwa njengokwelashwa okujwayelekile ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ama-beta-blockers yisigaba semithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ubuhlungu besifuba, nesigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile.

Le mithi ivimba imiphumela ye-adrenaline, eyenza kube lula enhliziyweni yakho ukwenza umsebenzi wayo. Ngokunciphisa ijubane namandla okushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, le mithi isiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-beta-blockers aqeda ubuhlungu besifuba futhi athuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ezinye izibonelo ze-beta-blockers yabantu abahlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo zifaka:

• i-atenolol (Tenormin)
• i-carvedilol (Coreg)
• i-metoprolol (Toprol)

I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors nayo ilapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu nezinye izimo, njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Vimba, noma bavimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme okwenza imikhumbi yakho inciphe. Lokhu kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukugeleza kwegazi lakho ngokuphumula nokukhulisa imithambo yakho yegazi.

Ukuhamba kwegazi okuthuthukisiwe kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima benhliziyo kanye nomonakalo owengeziwe ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ama-ACE inhibitors angasiza ngisho nokuguqula ushintsho lwesakhiwo enhliziyweni olubangelwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesikhathi eside. Lokhu kungasiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kangcono naphezu kwezingxenye zemisipha ezilimele ezibangelwa isifo senhliziyo.

Izibonelo ze-ACE inhibitors zifaka:

• i-benazepril (Lotensin)
• i-captopril (Capoten)
• i-enalapril (Vasotec)
• i-fosinopril (Monopril)
• lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
• i-moexipril (Univasc)
• i-perindopril (Aceon)
• i-quinapril (i-Accupril)
• i-ramipril (Altace)
• trandolapril (Mavik)

Ama-antiplatelet agents

Ama-antiplatelet agents avimbela ukujiya emithanjeni yakho ngokugcina ama-platelet egazi angahlangani, okuvame ukuba yisinyathelo sokuqala sokwakheka kwegazi.

Ama-antiplatelet agents ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abahlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo futhi abasengozini yokujiyiswa okwengeziwe. Zingasetshenziswa futhi ukwelapha abantu abanezici eziningana zobungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Abanye okungenzeka banikezwe ama-antiplatelet afaka phakathi abantu abahlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo futhi basebenzise imishanguzo ye-thrombolytic ukuncibilikisa i-clot, kanye nabantu abenegazi eliye labuyiselwa ezinhliziyweni zabo nge-catheterization.

I-Aspirin uhlobo olwaziwa kakhulu lomuthi we-antiplatelet. Ngaphandle kwe-aspirin, ama-antiplatelet agents afaka:

• i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix)
• i-prasugrel (i-Effient)
• i-ticagrelor (Brilinta)

Ama-anticoagulants

Izidakamizwa ze-Anticoagulant zinciphisa ubungozi bokugcwala kubantu abahlaselwe yinhliziyo. Ngokungafani nama-antiplatelets, asebenza ngokuthinta izici ze-coagulation nazo ezihilelekile kunqubo yokuvala igazi.

Izibonelo zama-anticoagulants zifaka:

• i-heparin
• i-warfarin (i-Coumadin)

Imithi ye-thrombolytic

Izidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic, ezibizwa nangokuthi "ama-clot busters," zisetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Zisetshenziswa lapho i-angioplasty ingenakwenziwa ukunweba isitsha segazi nokwenza ngcono ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni.

I-thrombolytic inikezwa esibhedlela ngepayipi le-intravenous (IV). Kusebenza ngokuqeda ngokushesha noma yimaphi amahlule amakhulu emithanjeni nokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni yakho. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kungabuyeli kokujwayelekile ngemuva kokwelapha kokuqala, ukwelashwa okungeziwe ngemithi ye-thrombolytic noma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.

Izibonelo zemithi ye-thrombolytic zifaka:

• i-alteplase (I-Activase)
• i-streptokinase (iStreptase)

Khuluma nodokotela wakho

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi engasiza ekwelapheni ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokuyivimbela ukuthi ingenzeki futhi. Basebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ukusiza ukunciphisa izinto ezinobungozi bakho nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho. Uma uke wahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngemithi ethile engakusiza ukuthi ululame futhi uvimbele okunye ukuhlaselwa.