Ukuqonda iDyslexia ezinganeni

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-dyslexia?
• Yini ebangela i-dyslexia?
• Ixilongwa kanjani i-dyslexia?
• Yini ukwelashwa kwe-dyslexia?
• Uyini umbono wezingane ezine-dyslexia?
• Ukuthatha

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I-Dyslexia ukuphazamiseka kokufunda okuthinta indlela abantu abacubungula ngayo ukubhala, futhi kwesinye isikhathi, nolimi olukhulunywayo. I-dyslexia ezinganeni ivame ukudala ukuthi izingane zibe nobunzima ekufundeni ukubhala nokubhala ngokuzethemba.

Abaphenyi balinganisela ukuthi i-dyslexia ingathinta abantu abangafika kumaphesenti ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20 ngezinga elithile.

Okwenziwa yi-dyslexia hhayi do ukunquma ukuthi umuntu uzophumelela kangakanani. Ucwaningo olwenziwe e-United States nase-United Kingdom luthole ukuthi amaphesenti amakhulu osomabhizinisi abika izimpawu zedyslexia.

Eqinisweni, izindaba zabantu abaphumelelayo abaphila ne-dyslexia zingatholakala emikhakheni eminingi. Esinye sezibonelo nguMaggie Aderin-Pocock, PhD, MBE, usosayensi wasemkhathini, unjiniyela wemishini, umbhali, nomethuli wohlelo lomsakazo lwe-BBC “Isibhakabhaka Ebusuku.”

Yize uDkt Aderin-Pocock elwa kanzima eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala esikoleni, waqhubeka nokuthola ama-degree amaningi. Namuhla, ngaphezu kokubamba uhlelo oludumile lwe-BBC, uphinde washicilela izincwadi ezimbili ezichaza isayensi yezinkanyezi kubantu abangososayensi basemkhathini.

Kubafundi abaningi, i-dyslexia ingahle ingakhawuleli nokusebenza kwabo ezifundweni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-dyslexia?

I-dyslexia ezinganeni ingabonisa ngezindlela eziningi. Bheka lezi zimpawu uma ukhathazekile ingane ingaba ne-dyslexia:

• Izingane zasenkulisa zingaguqula imisindo lapho zisho amagama. Bangase babe nobunzima ngemilolotelo noma ngokuqamba amagama nokuqaphela izinhlamvu.
• Izingane ezifunda esikoleni zingafunda ngokunensa kakhulu kunabanye abafundi abasebangeni elifanayo. Ngoba ukufunda kunzima, bangagwema imisebenzi ebandakanya ukufunda.
• Bangase bangakuqondi abakufundayo futhi bangathola ubunzima ekuphenduleni imibuzo ngemibhalo.
• Bangaba nenkinga ngokubeka izinto ngokulandelana kwazo.
• Bangaba nobunzima bokuphimisela amagama amasha.
• Ebusheni, intsha kanye nabantu abadala bangaqhubeka nokugwema imisebenzi yokufunda.
• Bangaba nenkinga ngokupela noma ukufunda izilimi zakwamanye amazwe.
• Bangaphuza ukucubungula noma ukufingqa abakufundayo.

I-dyslexia ingabukeka yehlukile ezinganeni ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxhumana othisha bengane njengoba ukufunda kuba yingxenye enkulu yosuku lwesikole.

Yini ebangela i-dyslexia?

Yize abacwaningi bengakatholi ukuthi yini ebangela i-dyslexia, kubonakala sengathi kukhona umehluko wezinzwa kubantu abane-dyslexia.

bathole ukuthi i-corpus callosum, okuyindawo yobuchopho exhumanisa ama-hemispheres amabili, ingahluka kubantu abane-dyslexia. Izingxenye ze-hemisphere yangakwesobunxele nazo zingahluka kubantu abane-dyslexia. Akucaci ukuthi lo mehluko ubangela i-dyslexia, noma kunjalo.

Abaphenyi bathole izakhi zofuzo eziningana ezixhunywe kulamahluko wobuchopho. Lokhu sekuholele ekutheni baphakamise ukuthi kungenzeka kube nesisekelo sezakhi zofuzo se-dyslexia.

Kubukeka sengathi iyasebenza nasemindenini. kukhombisa ukuthi izingane ezine-dyslexia zihlala zinabazali abane-dyslexia. Futhi lezi zici zebhayoloji zingaholela ekwehlukaneni kwemvelo.

Isibonelo, kucatshangwa ukuthi abanye abazali abane-dyslexia bangabelana ngamava ambalwa okufunda kwasekuqaleni nezingane zabo.

Ixilongwa kanjani i-dyslexia?

Ukuze ingane yakho ithole ukuxilongwa okuqondile kwe-dyslexia, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kuyadingeka. Ingxenye eyinhloko yalokhu kuzoba ukuhlolwa kwezemfundo. Ukuhlola kungafaka nokuhlolwa kwamehlo, kwendlebe nokuhlolwa kwemizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungafaka imibuzo ngomlando womndeni wengane yakho kanye nemvelo yokufunda ekhaya.

Abantu Abakhubazekile (i-IDEA) baqinisekisa ukuthi izingane ezikhubazekile ziyakwazi ukungenelela kwezemfundo. Njengoba ukuhlela nokuthola ukuhlolwa okugcwele kwe-dyslexia kwesinye isikhathi kungathatha amasonto ambalwa noma ngaphezulu, abazali nothisha banganquma ukuqala imfundo eyengeziwe yokufunda ngaphambi kokuba imiphumela yokuhlolwa yaziwe.

Uma ingane yakho iphendula ngokushesha emfundweni eyengeziwe, kungenzeka ukuthi i-dyslexia ayiyona inkinga efanele.

Ngenkathi ukuhlolwa okuningi kwenziwa esikoleni, ungahle uthande ukuthatha ingane yakho ibonane nodokotela ukuze axoxe ngokuhlolwa okugcwele uma bengafundi ezingeni lebanga, noma uma ubona ezinye izimpawu ze-dyslexia, ikakhulukazi uma une umlando womndeni wokukhubazeka kokufunda.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-dyslexia?

Kutholwe ukuthi ukufundiswa kwemisindo kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhono lokufunda kubafundi abane-dyslexia.

Ukufundiswa kwemisindo kuyinhlanganisela yamasu wokufunda ngokushelela nokuqeqeshwa kwemisindvo, okubandakanya ukutadisha izinhlamvu nemisindo esihlangana nazo.

Abaphenyi baqaphele ukuthi ukungenelela kwemisindo kusebenza kakhulu uma kunikezwa ngochwepheshe abaqeqeshelwe ubunzima bokufunda. Uma isikhathi eside umfundi ethola lokhu kungenelela, imiphumela iba ngcono kakhulu.

Ungumlingani nommeli obaluleke kakhulu wengane yakho, futhi kukhona kakhulu ongakwenza ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokufunda lengane yakho kanye nombono wezifundo. Isikhungo saseYale University seDyslexia & Creativity siphakamisa:

• Ngenelela kusenesikhathi. Lapho nje wena noma uthisha wesikole samabanga aphansi ubona izimpawu, yenza ingane yakho ihlolwe. Isivivinyo esisodwa esethembekile yiShaywitz Dyslexia Screen, ekhiqizwa nguPearson.
• Khuluma nengane yakho. Kungasiza ngempela ukuthola ukuthi kukhona igama lalokho okwenzekayo. Hlala unethemba, xoxa ngezixazululo, futhi ukhuthaze inkhulumomphendvulwano eqhubekayo. Kungasiza ukuzikhumbuza wena nengane yakho ukuthi i-dyslexia ayihlangene nokuhlakanipha.
• Funda ngokuzwakalayo. Ngisho nokufunda incwadi efanayo kaninginingi kungasiza izingane ukuhlobanisa izinhlamvu nemisindo.
• Zihambise. Njengoba lingekho ikhambi le-dyslexia, wena nengane yakho kungenzeka ukuthi nibhekene nalesi sifo isikhathi esithile. Bungaza amagalelo amancane nempumelelo, bese wenza izinto zokuzilibazisa nezintshisekelo ezihlukile ekufundeni, ukuze ingane yakho ithole impumelelo kwenye indawo.

Uyini umbono wezingane ezine-dyslexia?

Uma ubona izimpawu ze-dyslexia enganeni yakho, kubalulekile ukuthi uzihlole kusenesikhathi. Yize i-dyslexia iyisimo sempilo yonke, ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kwezemfundo kungakuthuthukisa kakhulu lokho okufezwa yizingane esikoleni. Ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza futhi ekuvikeleni izingqinamba zokukhathazeka, ukudangala, kanye nokuzethemba.

Ukuthatha

I-Dyslexia ukukhubazeka kokufunda okusekelwe ebuchosheni. Yize imbangela ingaziwa ngokuphelele, kubonakala kunesisekelo sofuzo. Izingane ezine-dyslexia zingaphuza ukufunda ukufunda. Bangaguqula imisindo, babe nenkinga yokuhlanganisa imisindo ngezinhlamvu, bavame ukupela amagama ngendlela engeyiyo, noma babe nenkinga yokuqonda abakufundayo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingahle ibe ne-dyslexia, cela ukuhlolwa okugcwele kusenesikhathi. Imiyalo yemisindo eqondisiwe enikezwa nguchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe ingenza umehluko ekutheni ingane yakho ikwazi ukubhekana nobunzima obungakanani, ishesha kangakanani, nokuthi isebenza kanjani kalula. Ukungenelela kwangaphambilini kungavimbela nengane yakho ekutheni ibhekane nokukhathazeka nokukhungatheka.