I-Erythrocytosis

-Delile

• I-Erythrocytosis vs. polycythemia
• Kubangelwa yini lokhu?
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?
• Ukwelapha nokuphatha i-erythrocytosis
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

I-Erythrocytosis yisimo lapho umzimba wakho wenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaningi kakhulu (ama-RBC), noma ama-erythrocyte. Ama-RBC athwala umoya-mpilo ezithweni nasezicutshini zakho. Ukuba namaseli amaningi kakhulu kungenza igazi lakho libe likhulu kunokujwayelekile futhi kuholele kumahlule egazi nakwezinye izinkinga.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-erythrocytosis:

• I-erythrocytosis eyinhloko. Lolu hlobo lubangelwa inkinga ngamaseli emnkantsheni wethambo, lapho kwenziwa khona ama-RBC. I-erythrocytosis eyinhloko kwesinye isikhathi izuzwa njengefa.
• I-erythrocytosis yesibili. Isifo noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile kungadala lolu hlobo.

Phakathi kuka-44 no-57 kubo bonke abantu abayi-100,000 bane-erythrocytosis eyinhloko, ngokusho kwesimo. Inani labantu abane-erythrocytosis yesibili lingase liphakame, kodwa kunzima ukuthola inombolo eqondile ngoba kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona.

I-Erythrocytosis vs. polycythemia

I-Erythrocytosis kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-polycythemia, kepha izimo zihlukile kancane:

• I-Erythrocytosis ukwanda kwama-RBC maqondana nomthamo wegazi.
• I-Polycythemiakukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-RBC futhi i-hemoglobin, iphrotheni emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi ahambisa umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba.

Kubangelwa yini lokhu?

I-erythrocytosis eyinhloko ingadluliselwa emindenini. Kubangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezilawula ukuthi umongo wethambo wakho wenza ama-RBC amangaki. Lapho olunye lwalezi zofuzo luguqulwa, umnkantsha wakho uzokhiqiza ama-RBC angeziwe, noma ngabe umzimba wakho awudingi.

Enye imbangela ye-erythrocytosis eyinhloko yi-polycythemia vera. Lesi sifo senza umnkantsha wakho ukhiqize ama-RBC amaningi kakhulu. Igazi lakho liyajiya ngenxa yalokho.

I-erythrocytosis yesibili ukwanda kwama-RBC okubangelwa yisifo esiyimbangela noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile. Izimbangela ze-erythrocytosis yesibili zifaka:

• ukubhema
• ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo, okufana nezifo zamaphaphu noma ukuba sezingeni eliphezulu
• izimila
• imithi efana ne-steroids ne-diuretics

Kwesinye isikhathi imbangela ye-erythrocytosis yesibili ayaziwa.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-erythrocytosis zifaka:

• ikhanda
• isiyezi
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukuphuma kwamakhala
• ukwanda komfutho wegazi
• ukungaboni kahle
• ukulunywa

Ukuba nama-RBC amaningi kungakhuphula ubungozi bamahlule egazi. Uma iqhwa lingena emthanjeni noma emthanjeni, lingavimba ukugeleza kwegazi liye ezithweni ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo noma ubuchopho bakho. Ukuvaleka kwegazi kungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nezimpawu. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukukala isilinganiso sakho se-RBC kanye namazinga e-erythropoietin (EPO). I-EPO iyi-hormone ekhishwa izinso zakho. Kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-RBC lapho umzimba wakho uphansi komoya-mpilo.

Abantu abane-erythrocytosis eyinhloko bazoba nezinga eliphansi le-EPO. Labo abane-erythrocytosis yesibili bangaba nezinga eliphezulu le-EPO.

Ungase futhi uhlolwe igazi ukuhlola amazinga we:

• I-Hematocrit. Leli iphesenti lama-RBCs egazini lakho.
• IHemoglobin. Le yiprotheni kuma-RBC athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Isivivinyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulse oximetry silinganisa inani le-oxygen egazini lakho. Isebenzisa isiqeshana esikrinini esibekwe emunweni wakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakhombisa ukuthi ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kubangele i-erythrocytosis yakho.

Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi kungahle kube nenkinga ngomnkantsha wakho wethambo, bangahle bahlolele ushintsho lwezakhi zofuzo olubizwa nge-JAK2. Ungadinga futhi ukuthi ube nesifiso somnkantsha noma i-biopsy. Lokhu kuhlolwa kususa isampula lezicubu, uketshezi, noma kokubili ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho. Ibuye ihlolwe ebhodini ukubona ukuthi umnkantsha wakho wethambo wenza ama-RBC amaningi kakhulu.

Ungavivinyelwa nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okudala i-erythrocytosis.

Ukwelapha nokuphatha i-erythrocytosis

Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukunciphisa ubungozi bamahlule egazi nokunciphisa izimpawu. Imvamisa kuhilela ukwehlisa isibalo sakho se-RBC.

Ukwelashwa kwe-erythrocytosis kufaka:

• I-Phlebotomy (ebizwa nangokuthi i-venesection). Le nqubo isusa inani elincane legazi emzimbeni wakho ukwehlisa inani lama-RBC. Ungadinga ukuthi ube nalokhu kwelashwa kabili ngesonto noma kaningi kuze kube yilapho isimo sakho sesilawulwa.
• I-Aspirin. Ukuthatha imithamo ephansi yalesi sidambisi sezinhlungu sansuku zonke kungasiza ekuvimbeleni amahlule egazi.
• Imithi eyehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-RBC. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-hydroxyurea (Hydrea), busulfan (Myleran), ne-interferon.

Uyini umbono?

Imvamisa izimo ezibanga i-erythrocytosis azikwazi ukwelashwa. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-erythrocytosis ingakhuphula ubungozi bamahlule egazi, isifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Kungakhuphula nengozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza wegazi kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi.

Ukuthola ukwelashwa okwehlisa inani lama-RBC akhiqizwa umzimba wakho kunganciphisa izimpawu zakho futhi kuvimbele izinkinga.