Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-Esophageal Diverticula

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Iphathwa kanjani?
• Ukwelashwa okungasetshenziswanga
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa
• Ingabe zikhona izinkinga?
• Uyini umbono?

Yini i-diverticulum esophageal?

I-diverticulum ye-esophageal yisikhwama esiphumayo emgqeni we-esophagus. Yakha endaweni ebuthakathaka yomphimbo. Isikhwama singaba kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4 inches ubude.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-diverticula esophageal (ubuningi be-diverticulum), ngokuya ngokuthi zitholakala kuphi:

• I-diverticulum kaZenker. Lolu hlobo lukhula eduze kwaphezulu kwengqimba.
• I-diverticulum ye-Midthoracic. Lolu hlobo lwenzeka engxenyeni ephakathi nendawo yomhosha.
• I-Epiphrenic diverticulum. Lolu hlobo lutholakala engxenyeni engezansi yomphimbo.

Funda kabanzi ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi simo.

Ziyini izimpawu?

I-Esophageal diverticula ayibangeli izinkinga njalo. Lapho zenza, izimpawu zivame ukuza kancane njengoba isikhwama sikhula.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-diverticulum esophageal zihlanganisa:

• ubunzima bokugwinya
• ukuzwa sengathi ukudla kubanjwe emphinjeni
• ukuphinda uvuselele ukudla lapho ugoba, ulele noma umile
• ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya
• ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• umoya onukayo
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ubuhlungu bentamo
• ukuncipha komzimba
• izinguquko zezwi
• Uphawu lukaBoyce, okuwumsindo wokuxokozela lapho umoya udlula kwi-diverticulum

Kubangelwa yini?

Ochwepheshe abaqiniseki ngezimbangela eziqondile ze-diverticula ye-esophageal. Abanye abantu bazalwa benayo, kanti abanye bayayihlakulela kamuva empilweni.

Kubantu abadala, kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nengcindezi eyandayo ngaphakathi komphimbo. Le ngcindezi idala ukuthi ulwelwesi luqhamuke endaweni ebuthaka. Izimbangela ezingaba khona zale ngcindezi eyandisiwe zifaka:

• ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-sphincters kunoma yikuphi ukuphela kwesifo
• ukuvuvukala okuvela ngaphandle komphimbo
• ukudla okungahambi kahle ngesilonda
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlela yokugwinya

Kungaba inkinga yenkambiso yokuhlinzwa eduze kwentamo, noma izimo ezithinta i-collagen, njenge-Ehler-Danlos syndrome.

Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?

Ngenkathi i-diverticulum esophageal ingenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-70 no-80. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezinkinga zokugwinya banamathuba amaningi okukuhlakulela.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Kunezindlela eziningana udokotela wakho angazisebenzisa ukuthola i-diverticulum esophageal, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukugwinya kwe-Barium. Uzocelwa ukuthi ugwinye isixazululo esiqukethe i-barium, esibonakala ku-X-ray noma nge-CT scan. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi alandelele ukuhamba koketshezi ngesisu sakho.
• I-endoscopy yesisu. Ngale nqubo, udokotela wakho ufaka ithubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera ekugcineni ngomlomo wakho nangaphansi komphimbo wakho ukuze ubuke umhosha wakho.
• I-Esophageal manometry. Le ndlela ilinganisa isikhathi namandla wezingcwecwe zomphimbo wakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-pH kwamahora angama-24. Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala i-pH esophagus yakho esikhathini esingamahora angama-24 ukuhlola izimpawu zesisu esiswini noma i-bile esophagus yakho.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Kunezinketho zokwelashwa eziningana ze-diverticulum esophageal, ngokuya ngosayizi nobukhulu bayo.

Ukwelashwa okungasetshenziswanga

I-diverticula emincane esophageal ingahle ilawulwe ngezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, njenge:

• ukuhlafuna kahle ukudla kwakho
• ukudla ukudla okungenamsoco
• ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngemuva kokudla ukusiza ukugaya.

Ama-antacids angaphezu kwamakhompiyutha nawo angasiza ngezimpawu ezincane.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa

Amacala abucayi angadinga ukuhlinzwa ukususa isikhwama nokulungisa izicubu ezibuthakathaka emqaleni.

Izinqubo zokuhlinza zokwenza lokhu zifaka:

• I-myotomy yeCricopharyngeal. Lokhu kuhilela ukusika okuncane ku-sphincter engenhla yomphimbo ukuyikhulisa, ngakho-ke ukudla kungadlula kalula ngesikhala sakho.
• I-Diverticulopexy ene-cricopharyngeal myotomy. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa i-diverticulum enkulu ngokuyijika ibheke phansi bese uyinamathisela odongeni lomhosha.
• I-Diverticulectomy ne-cricopharyngeal myotomy. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa i-diverticulum ngenkathi wenza i-cricopharyngeal myotomy. Kuyinhlanganisela evame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-diverticula kaZenker.
• I-endoscopic diverticulotomy. Le yinqubo encane engenayo ehlukanisa izicubu phakathi kwe-diverticulum ne-esophagus, evumela ukudla ukuphuma ku-diverticulum.

Ingabe zikhona izinkinga?

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-diverticulum esophageal ingaholela ezinkingeni ezithile zezempilo.

• I-pneumonia yokuphefumula. Uma i-diverticulum esophageal ibangela ukuphinda usebenze, ingaholela ekufuneni i-pneumonia. Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu okubangelwa ukuhogela izinto, njengokudla namathe, okuvame ukuhamba phansi emphinjeni wakho.
• Ukuvinjelwa. Isithiyo esiseduze ne-diverticulum singenza kube nzima, noma kungenzeki, ukugwinya. Lokhu kungadala nokuthi isikhwama sidabuke futhi wophe.
• I-squamous cell carcinoma. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukucasuka okuqhubekayo kwesikhwama kungaholela ku-squamous cell carcinoma.

Uyini umbono?

I-diverticulum esophageal yisimo esingajwayelekile esivame ukuthinta abantu abadala asebekhulile. Ngenkathi abanye abantu bengenazo izimpawu, abanye babhekana nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ubunzima bokugwinya nokuphinda uvuseleleke. Amacala amaningi aphendula kahle ekuguqukeni kwendlela yokuphila, ukuhlinzwa, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili.