Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar kanye nobuhlakani

-Delile

• Iyini i-bipolar disorder?
• Ukucindezeleka
• UMania
• I-Hypomania
• Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo se-bipolar nobuciko?

Ukubuka konke

Abantu abaningi abaphila nesifo se-bipolar bakhombisile ukuthi banobuchule obukhulu. Kunabaculi abaningi abadumile, abalingisi, nabaculi abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Lapha kubalwa umlingisi nomculi uDemi Lovato, umlingisi nomshayi-kickboxer uJean-Claude Van Damme, nomlingisi uCatherine Zeta-Jones.

Abanye abantu abadumile okukholakala ukuthi babene-bipolar disorder bahlanganisa umdwebi uVincent Van Gogh, umbhali uVirginia Woolf, nomculi uKurt Cobain. Ngakho-ke ubuciko buhlobene ngani nesifo se-bipolar?

Iyini i-bipolar disorder?

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ukugula okungalapheki kwengqondo okubangela ushintsho olukhulu kumzwelo. Izimo ziyashintshana phakathi kokujabula, ukuphakama okunamandla (i-mania) nokudabukisayo, ukukhathazeka okuphansi (ukucindezeleka). Lokhu kushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kungenzeka izikhathi eziningana ngesonto noma ngezikhathi ezimbalwa ngonyaka.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar I. Abantu abane-bipolar ngine okungenani isiqephu esisodwa se-manic. Lezi ziqephu ze-manic zingahle zandulelwe noma zilandelwe isiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka, kepha ukucindezeleka akudingeki ekuphazamiseni i-bipolar I disorder.
• Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar II. Abantu abane-bipolar II baneziqephu zokucindezeleka ezilodwa noma eziningi ezihlala okungenani amasonto amabili, kanye nesiqephu esisodwa noma ngaphezulu se-hypomanic esithatha okungenani izinsuku ezine. Eziqeshini ze-hypomanic, abantu basabukeka, banamandla, futhi banamawala. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zinamandla kunalezo ezihambisana neziqephu ze-manic.
• Isifo seCyclothymic. Abantu abane-cyclothymic disorder, noma i-cyclothymia, bahlangabezana neziqephu ze-hypomanic and depress iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu. Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu ngale ndlela yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo.

Yize kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, izimpawu ze-hypomania, i-mania, kanye nokudangala kuyafana kubantu abaningi. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

Ukucindezeleka

• imizwa eqhubekayo yosizi olukhulu noma ukuphelelwa yithemba
• ukuphelelwa yintshisekelo emisebenzini eyayikade ijabulisa
• unenkinga yokugxila, ukwenza izinqumo, nokukhumbula izinto
• ukukhathazeka noma ukucasuka
• ukudla kakhulu noma okuncane kakhulu
• ukulala kakhulu noma okuncane kakhulu
• ukucabanga noma ukukhuluma ngokufa noma ukuzibulala
• ukuzama ukuzibulala

UMania

• ukuthola imizwa ejabule ngokweqile noma ephumayo isikhathi eside
• ukucasuka okukhulu
• ukukhuluma ngokushesha, ukushintsha ngokushesha imibono eyehlukene ngesikhathi sengxoxo, noma ukuba nemicabango yokujaha
• ukungakwazi ukugxila
• ukuqala imisebenzi eminingi emisha noma amaphrojekthi
• ngizizwa ngididekile kakhulu
• ukulala kancane noma cha
• ukwenza ngokuxhamazela nokuhlanganyela ekuziphatheni okuyingozi

I-Hypomania

Izimpawu ze-Hypomania ziyefana nezimpawu ze-mania, kepha ziyehluka ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Nge-hypomania, ukushintsha kwemizwelo ngokuvamile akunzima ngokwanele ukuthi kungaphazamisa kakhulu ikhono lomuntu lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
2. Azikho izimpawu zengqondo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-hypomanic. Ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-manic, izimpawu zengqondo zingabandakanya ukukhohlisa, ukusangana, kanye ne-paranoia.

Ngalezi ziqephu ze-mania ne-hypomania, abantu bavame ukuzizwa befuna ukuvelela futhi bekhuthazekile, okungabenza baqale umsebenzi omusha wokudala.

Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo se-bipolar nobuciko?

Manje kungenzeka kube nencazelo yesayensi yokuthi kungani abantu abaningi bokudala benesifo se-bipolar. Ucwaningo oluningi lwakamuva lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abathambekele ekuphazamisekeni yi-bipolar disorder banamathuba amaningi kunabanye okukhombisa amazinga aphezulu obuciko, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yezobuciko lapho kusiza khona amakhono anamandla okukhuluma.

Kokunye ukuhlola kusuka ngo-2015, abacwaningi bathatha i-IQ yezingane ezineminyaka engama-2 000 ubudala, base bezihlola beneminyaka engama-22 noma engama-23 ngezici zobudoda. Bathola ukuthi i-IQ yobuntwana ephezulu yayixhunyaniswe nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kamuva empilweni. Ngalesi sizathu, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izici zofuzo ezihambisana nesifo se-bipolar zingasiza ngomqondo wokuthi nazo zingakhiqiza izici ezizuzisayo.

Abanye abacwaningi bathole ukuxhumana phakathi kofuzo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, nobuciko. Kwesinye, abacwaningi bahlaziya i-DNA yabantu abangaphezu kuka-86,000 ukuze babheke izakhi zofuzo ezandisa ubungozi bokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kanye nesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Babuye baphawula ukuthi abantu basebenza noma bahlotshaniswa nemikhakha yezobuciko, njengokudansa, ukulingisa, umculo nokubhala. Bathola ukuthi abantu abanobuciko basemathubeni okufika kumaphesenti angama-25 kunabantu abangazenzeli ukuphatha izakhi zofuzo ezihlotshaniswa ne-bipolar kanye ne-schizophrenia.

Akubona bonke abantu abanesifo se-bipolar abanobuciko, futhi akubona bonke abantu abanobuhlakani abane-bipolar disorder. Kodwa-ke, kubonakala sengathi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwezakhi zofuzo okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-bipolar kanye nobuciko bomuntu.