Umkhuhlane onamabala: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu zemfiva eziboniwe
• Ukuhamba Kwemfiva Okungcashisiwe
• Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane onamabala
• Ukuvikela imfiva okubonakalayo

Umkhuhlane onamachashaza, owaziwa nangokuthi isifo semikhaza, i-Rocky Mountain spotted fever kanye ne-petenquial fever edluliswa umkhaza wezinkanyezi, yisifo esibangelwa amagciwaneURickettsia rickettsii okuthelela ikakhulu imikhaza.

Umkhuhlane onamabala uvame kakhulu ezinyangeni zikaJuni kuya ku-Okthoba, njengoba kulapho imikhaza isebenza kakhulu, kodwa-ke ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo kuyadingeka ukuxhumana nomkhaza amahora ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi ukuze sikwazi ukudlulisa amagciwane abhekene nalesi sifo.

Umkhuhlane onamachashaza uyelapheka, kepha ukwelashwa kwawo kufanele kuqalwe ngama-antibiotic ngemuva kokuthi izimpawu zokuqala zibonakale zigwema izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokuvuvukala kobuchopho, ukukhubazeka, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula noma ukwehluleka kwezinso, okungabeka impilo yesiguli engcupheni.

Izimpawu zemfiva eziboniwe

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane obonwayo kungaba nzima ukuzibona futhi, ngakho-ke, noma nini lapho kunokusola kokuthola lesi sifo, kunconywa ukuthi uye egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo uyohlolwa igazi futhi uqinisekise ukutheleleka, ngokushesha uqale ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane onamabala zingathatha kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya emavikini amabili ukuvela, okuhamba phambili yilezi:

• Imfiva engaphezu kuka-39ºC kanye nokugodola;
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu;
• Ukuhlangana;
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Uhudo nobuhlungu besisu;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha njalo;
• Ukuqwasha nobunzima ekuphumuleni;
• Ukuvuvukala nokubomvu ezintendeni nasematheni ezinyawo;
• I-gangrene eminwe nasezindlebeni;
• Ukukhubazeka kwezitho eziqala emilenzeni kukhuphuke kuye emaphashini kubangele ukuboshwa kokuphefumula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokuqubuka komkhuhlane kuvamile ukuba nezindawo ezibomvu ezihlakaleni nasemaqakaleni, ezinganciphi, kepha ezingakhuphuka ziye entendeni, izingalo noma amathe ezinyawo.

Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa okufana nokubalwa kwegazi, okukhombisa ukungabi khona kwegazi, i-thrombocytopenia nokuncipha kwenani lama-platelet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwama-enzyme i-CK, LDH, ALT ne-AST nakho kukhonjisiwe.

Ukuhamba Kwemfiva Okungcashisiwe

Ukudluliswa kwenzeka ngokulunywa komkhaza wenkanyezi ongcolile ngamagciwaneURickettsia rickettsii. Lapho uluma futhi udla igazi, umkhaza udlulisa amagciwane ngamathe awo. Kepha kuyadingeka ukuxhumana phakathi kwamahora ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, kepha ukulunywa yizibungu zalo mkhathane nakho kungadlulisa lesi sifo futhi akunakwenzeka ukukhomba lapho silunywe khona, ngoba asibangeli buhlungu, yize kwanele ukudluliswa kwegciwane.

Lapho isikhumba siwela umgoqo, amabhaktheriya afinyelela ebuchosheni, emaphashini, enhliziyweni, esibindi, ebuchosheni, amanyikwe kanye nokugaywa kokudla, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungasibona kanjani futhi uselaphe lesi sifo ngokushesha okukhulu ukugwema ezinye izinkinga ngisho nokufa .

Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane onamabala

Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane onamabala kufanele kuqondiswe udokotela ojwayelekile futhi kuqale kuze kube yizinsuku ezi-5 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, imvamisa ngama-antibiotic anjenge-chloramphenicol noma i-tetracyclines, ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa kungathinta uhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa futhi kubangele i-encephalitis, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukukhohlisa, ukuqubuka kanye ne-coma. Kulokhu, amagciwane angakhonjwa esivivinyweni se-CSF, yize imiphumela ingahlali ihle njalo. Izinso zingathinteka uma kunokuhluleka kwezinso, ngokuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke. Lapho amaphaphu ethinteka, kungahle kube nenyumoniya nokwehla kokuphefumula, okudinga ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo.

Ukuvikela imfiva okubonakalayo

Ukuvinjelwa komkhuhlane onamabala kungenziwa ngokulandelayo:

• Gqoka amabhulukwe, amahembe enemikhono emide nezicathulo, ikakhulukazi uma kunesidingo sokuba sezindaweni ezinotshani obude;
• Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane, uvuselele njalo emahoreni amabili noma njengoba kudingeka;
• Hlanza amahlathi bese ugcina ingadi ingenamaqabunga otshanini;
• Bheka nsuku zonke ukuthi akukho imikhaza emzimbeni noma ezilwaneni ezifuywayo;
• Gcina izilwane ezifuywayo, njengezinja namakati, izibulali magciwane ezifweni namakhizane.

Uma umkhaza utholakala esikhunjeni, kunconywa ukuya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma esikhungweni sezempilo ukuze usisuse kahle futhi ugweme ukubonakala komkhuhlane onamabala, ngokwesibonelo.