I-congenital femur emfushane: iyini, ungayikhomba kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani

-Delile

• Ungayibona kanjani
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-femur emfushane yokuzalwa iyisifo samathambo esibonakala ngokwehla kosayizi noma ukungabikho kwe-femur, okuyithambo lamathanga kanye nethambo elikhulu kunawo wonke emzimbeni. Lokhu kuguqulwa kungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kepha izimbangela zale nkinga ayikaqondakali kahle.

Isibeletho esifushane esizalwe naso singabonakala ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kusuka ku-trimester yesibili, ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, futhi kungakhombisa izifo ezifana ne-Down syndrome, i-dwarfism noma i-achondroplasia, noma kube nje ukufinyeza lelo thambo. Kusukela lapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa kwe-femur emfushane, udokotela angabeka ukwelashwa okufanele kulandelwe ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane.

Ungayibona kanjani

I-femur emfushane yokuzalwa ingabonakala ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound eyenziwa ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kokubeletha, lapho kwenziwa khona ubukhulu besayizi we-femur, ohluka ngokuya ngobudala bokukhulelwa.

Ingane enamasonto angama-24 inesilinganiso esingu-42 mm, kuthi ngeviki lama-36 kube ngama-69 mm kuthi esontweni lama-40 likhulelwe, kube ngamamilimitha angama-74. Lezi zinyathelo ziyalinganiselwa ngakho-ke, kwezinye izimo, ingane ingakhula kulindelwe noma ngosayizi we-femur omncane ngeminyaka yawo, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela njalo aqaphe ukukhula kwengane.

Ngemuva kokukhomba ukuthi i-femur incane kunalokho obekufanele ibe yikho, udokotela kufanele futhi abheke ukuthi hlobo luni lokuguqulwa ingane enalo, okungaba:

• Thayipha A: Ingxenye encane ye-femur, ngaphansi kwekhanda le-femur iyashoda noma ayikho;
• Uhlobo B: Ikhanda le-femur linamathele engxenyeni engezansi yethambo;
• Uhlobo C: Inhloko ye-femur ne-acetabulum, okuyindawo yesinqe, nayo iyathinteka;
• Thayipha D: Iningi le-femur, i-acetabulum nengxenye yesinqe ayikho.

Imvamisa ushintsho oluncane lutholakala ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, kepha ukuphakama kwabazali nomndeni nakho kufanele kubhekelwe ngoba uma abazali bengekho bude kakhulu, ingane yakho akufanele ibe njalo futhi lokho akubonisi inkinga ethile yempilo .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo izinguquko azibonwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuphela ngemuva kokuzalwa ngokuhlolwa okwenziwe udokotela wezingane, futhi udokotela angabona izinguquko ebude besifazane ngenxa yokungalingani kahle kwaleli thambo ethanjeni lesinqe, okukhomba ukuzalwa i-dysplasia. Qonda ukuthi yini i-hip dysplasia ezalwe nayo.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela zesizalikazi esifushane esizalwe naso azikaqondakali kahle, kepha kukholakala ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zihlobene nokutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kanye / noma nokuvezwa ngemisebe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwe-thalidomide, ngokwesibonelo, nakho kungavumela ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu shintsho, ngoba lesi sidakamizwa sihlobene nokukhubazeka kombungu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-femur emfushane yokuzalwa kuthatha isikhathi eside, kuhlose ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yengane futhi kufanele iqondiswe ngudokotela wezingane ngokohlobo lokunciphisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kukhonjiswa ngokuya ngesilinganiso sobungako besifazane ebudaleni, futhi kungakhonjiswa ezimweni ezilula kakhulu, lapho ukufinyezwa kufinyelela ku-2 cm, ukusetshenziswa kwezicathulo ezinokuphakama endaweni eyodwa noma insoles ekhethekile ukukhokhela umehluko nokuvimbela izinkinga ezifana ne-scoliosis, ubuhlungu beqolo kanye nesinxephezelo esihlangene, isibonelo.

Ezinye izinkomba zokwelashwa ze-femur emfushane yilezi:

• Ukunciphisa phakathi kuka-2 no-5 cm kubantu abadala: ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukusika ithambo lomlenze ophilile ukuze babe ngosayizi ofanayo, bahlinzekwe ukwelulwa kwesifazane noma kwe-tibial futhi ngenkathi belinde umzuzu ofanele wokuhlinzwa, kungasetshenziswa kuphela isinxephezelo ngezicathulo ezifanele noma ngomlenze wokufakelwa ;
• Ngokunciphisa okungaphezu kwama-20 cm kubantu abadala: kungahle kudingeke ukuthi unqunywe umlenze bese usebenzisa okufakelwayo noma izinduku zokuphila konke. Kulokhu, ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kuhlose ukwengeza okufakelwa ethanjeni ukuze umuntu aqhubeke nokuhamba ngokujwayelekile. Ukuhlinzwa kufanele kwenziwe, okungcono, ngaphambi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala.

Kunoma ikuphi, i-physiotherapy ikhonjiswa njalo ukunciphisa izinhlungu, ukwenza lula ukuthuthukiswa nokugwema ukunxeshezelwa kwemisipha noma ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa, ngokwesibonelo, kepha icala ngalinye kumele lihlaziywe uqobo ngoba ukwelashwa kwe-physiotherapeutic kuzohluka kumuntu ngamunye ngoba izidingo zomunye azikwazi kube komunye.