Izici Zengozi Yomkhuhlane Nezinkinga

-Delile

• Izingane nezinsana
• Abantu abadala asebekhulile (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65)
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe
• Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka
• Izici zemvelo
• Okufanele ukwenze uma usengozini enkulu

Ubani osengozini enkulu yomkhuhlane?

Umkhuhlane, noma umkhuhlane, ukugula okuphezulu okuphefumula okuthinta ikhala, umphimbo namaphaphu. Kuvame ukudideka nomkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa-ke, njengegciwane, umkhuhlane ungahle ukhule ube izifo zesibili noma ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu.

Lezi zinkinga zingabandakanya:

• inyumoniya
• ukoma komzimba
• izinkinga ze-sinus
• izifo zendlebe
• i-myocarditis, noma ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo
• i-encephalitis, noma ukuvuvukala kobuchopho
• ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zemisipha
• ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi
• ukufa

Abantu abangabokuzalwa boMdabu baseMelika noma boMdabu base-Alaska nalabo abangabala maqembu alandelayo basengozini enkulu yokuthola igciwane lomkhuhlane. Banobungozi obukhulu bokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ezingadala izimo ezisongela impilo.

Izingane nezinsana

Ngokusho kwalaba, izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphansi maningi amathuba okuthi zibe nezinkinga zempilo ezivela kuleligciwane lomkhuhlane kunabantu abaningi abadala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasosha abo omzimba awakakhuli ngokuphelele.

Izingane ezinezimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona, njengokuphazamiseka komzimba, isifo sikashukela, noma isifuba somoya, zingaba nengozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthola izinkinga ezihlobene nomkhuhlane.

Shayela ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo noma uyise ingane yakho kudokotela wakho ngokushesha uma:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• imfiva ephakeme ngokungapheli
• ukujuluka noma ukubanda
• umbala wesikhumba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ompunga
• ukuhlanza okukhulu noma okuphikelelayo
• unenkinga yokuphuza uketshezi olwanele
• ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla
• izimpawu eziqala ukuthuthuka kodwa zibe zimbi kakhulu
• ubunzima bokuphendula noma bokusebenzisana

Ungazivikela izingane zakho ngokuziyisa kudokotela ukuze zigonyelwe umkhuhlane. Uma izingane zakho zidinga imithamo emibili, zizodinga zombili ukuvikelwa okugcwele emkhuhlaneni.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukugoma okungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu ezinganeni zakho. Ngokwe-CDC, isifutho samakhala asinconywa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala.

Uma ingane yakho inezinyanga eziyi-6 ubudala noma ngaphansi, zisencane kakhulu ukugoma umkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ungaqiniseka ukuthi abantu ingane yakho ehlangana nabo, njengomndeni nabanakekeli, bayagonywa. Uma begonyiwe, kunamathuba amancane kakhulu okuthi ingane yakho ithole umkhuhlane.

Abantu abadala asebekhulile (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65)

Ngokusho kwabantu, abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 kuya phezulu basengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba ngokuvamile aba buthakathaka ngokuguga. Ukutheleleka komkhuhlane nakho kungadabukisa izimo zezempilo zesikhathi eside, njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo samaphaphu, nesifuba somoya.

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unomkhuhlane futhi uhlangabezana:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• imfiva ephakeme ngokungapheli
• ukujuluka noma ukubanda
• akukho ukuthuthuka kwezempilo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu noma ezine
• izimpawu eziqala ukuthuthuka kodwa zibe zimbi kakhulu

Ngaphandle kokugonyelwa umkhuhlane wendabuko, uJehova usemukele umuthi wokugoma okhethekile onomthamo omkhulu wabantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu obizwa ngeFluzone High-Dose. Lo muthi wokugoma uthwala izikhathi ezine umthamo ojwayelekile futhi unikeza impendulo enamandla yokuzivikela ezifweni nokuvikelwa kwama-antibody.

Umuthi wokugoma ngamakhala ungenye indlela. Akubona abadala abadala kuneminyaka engama-49. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthola eminye imininingwane mayelana nokuthi imuphi umuthi wokugoma olungele wena.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe

Abesifazane abakhulelwe (nabesifazane amasonto amabili ngemuva kokubeletha) basengozini enkulu yokugula kunabesifazane abangakhulelwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imizimba yabo iba nezinguquko ezithinta amasosha abo omzimba, inhliziyo namaphaphu. Izinkinga ezinkulu zibandakanya ukusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi kowesifazane okhulelwe noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa enganeni engakazalwa.

Umkhuhlane uphawu oluvamile lomkhuhlane. Uma ukhulelwe futhi unezimpawu zombili zomkhuhlane nezomkhuhlane, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Umkhuhlane ungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eyingozi enganeni yakho engakazalwa.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ukhulelwe futhi unalezi zimpawu:

• ukuncipha noma ukunganyakazi okuvela enganeni yakho
• imfiva ephezulu, ukujuluka nokubanda, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zakho zingaphenduli ku-Tylenol (noma okufana nemikhiqizo yesitolo)
• ubuhlungu noma ingcindezi esifubeni noma esiswini sakho
• i-vertigo noma isiyezi esingazelelwe
• ukudideka
• ukuhlanza okunodlame noma okuphikelelayo
• ukuphakama kwengcindezi yegazi kufundwa ekhaya

Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyisivikelo esihle kunazo zonke. Ngokusho komkhuhlane, umkhuhlane uvikela bobabili umama nengane (kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuzalwa) futhi uphephe ngokuphelele kubo bobabili.

Gwema uhlobo lokufuthwa ngamakhala lomuthi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili noma uma ukhulelwe ngoba umuthi wokugoma uyigciwane lomkhuhlane elibuthakathaka eliphilayo. Umuthi wokugoma ngamakhala uphephile kwabesifazane abancelisayo.

Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka

Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka banengozi eyengeziwe yokuba nezinkinga zomkhuhlane omkhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso noma ngabe ubuthakathaka bubangelwa yisimo noma ukwelashwa. Amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka akakwazi ukulwa nokutheleleka komkhuhlane.

Kukhona ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka kubantu abane:

• isifuba somoya
• isifo sikashukela
• izimo zobuchopho noma zomgogodla
• isifo samaphaphu
• Isifo senhliziyo
• isifo sezinso
• isifo sesibindi
• isifo segazi
• isifo se-metabolic syndrome
• amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo (njenge-HIV noma i-AIDS) noma imishanguzo (njengokusebenzisa njalo ukwelashwa komdlavuza)

Abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 abebethola ukwelashwa kwe-aspirin isikhathi eside nabo basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka. Uma bethatha i-aspirin nsuku zonke (noma eminye imishanguzo equkethe i-salicylate), futhi banengozi enkulu yokuthola i-Reye's syndrome.

I-Reye's syndrome iyinkinga engajwayelekile lapho ukulimala okungazelelwe kobuchopho nesibindi kwenzeka ngesizathu esingaziwa. Kodwa-ke, kuyaziwa ukuthi kwenzeka cishe ngesonto ngemuva kokutheleleka ngegciwane lapho i-aspirin inikezwe. Ukuthola ukugoma kwakho umkhuhlane kungasiza ukuvimbela lokhu.

Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka bathole umkhuhlane. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokugoma olungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Izici zemvelo

Abantu abahlala noma abasebenza ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi abasondelene nabantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola igciwane lomkhuhlane. Izibonelo zalezi zinhlobo zezindawo zifaka:

• izibhedlela
• izikole
• amakhaya asebekhulile
• izindawo zokunakekela izingane
• ikamu lamasosha
• zokulala zasekolishi
• izakhiwo zehhovisi

Geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi noma usebenzise imikhiqizo elwa namagciwane ukunciphisa le ngozi. Zijwayeze imikhuba ehlanzekile, ikakhulukazi uma useqenjini eliyingozi futhi uhlala noma usebenza kulezi zindawo.

Uma uhlela ukuhamba, ingozi yomkhuhlane ingahluka kuye ngokuthi uyaphi futhi nini. Kunconywa ukuthi uthole imigomo yakho emavikini amabili ngaphambi kohambo, njengoba kuthatha amasonto amabili ukuze izivikeli mzimba zakho zikhule.

Okufanele ukwenze uma usengozini enkulu

Thatha isikhathi sokuthola umkhuhlane wakho waminyaka yonke, ikakhulukazi uma useduze nezingane ezincane noma abantu abadala asebekhulile. Ukuthola ukugoma kwakho kunganciphisa izifo zomkhuhlane, ukuvakashela udokotela noma isibhedlela, nokungasebenzi emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Kungavimbela nokusabalala komkhuhlane.

Iziphakamiso zincoma ukuthi wonke umuntu onezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala nangaphezulu, ophilile noma osengozini, athole umuthi wokugoma. Uma usengozini enkulu futhi uqala ukukhombisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zomkhuhlane, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokugoma, kusuka ekudutshulweni kwendabuko kuya kufutha lamakhala. Ngokuya ngesimo sakho nezici zobungozi, udokotela wakho angancoma uhlobo oluthile lokugoma.

Ngokusho kwe-, umuthi wokugoma wamakhala awunconyelwa abantu abanezimo zezempilo, izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemibili ubudala, abesifazane abakhulelwe, noma abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-49 ubudala.

Ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela ukuthola umkhuhlane zihlanganisa:

• ukwenza imikhuba ehlanzekile njengokugeza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi
• ukusula indawo nezinto ezifana nefenisha namathoyizi anesibulala-magciwane
• ukumboza ukukhwehlela nokuthimula ngezicubu ukunciphisa ukutheleleka okungahle kwenzeke
• ungathinti amehlo akho, ikhala, nomlomo
• ukulala amahora ayisishiyagalombili njalo ebusuku
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo ukuze uthuthukise impilo yakho yokuzivikela ezifweni

Ukwelapha umkhuhlane kungakapheli amahora angama-48 okuqala ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu iwindi elihle kakhulu lokwelashwa okusebenzayo. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angafuna ukunikezela ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Imithi elwa namagciwane inganciphisa ubude besikhathi sokugula kwakho futhi ivimbele nezinkinga zomkhuhlane ezinzima ukuthi zingakhuli.