Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

-Delile

• Siyini isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Yini ebangela isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Ubani osengozini yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Ukuhlolwa kwenselele yoshukela
• Isinyathelo esisodwa
• Ukuhlolwa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?
• Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Selashwa kanjani isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Yini okufanele ngiyidle uma nginesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Ama-carbohydrate
• Amaprotheni
• Amafutha
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Uyini umbono wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Ingabe isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singavinjelwa?

Siyini isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abanye besifazane bakhula amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini. Lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi yi-gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) noma i-gestational diabetes. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile siqala phakathi kwamaviki angama-24 nama-28 okukhulelwa.

Ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwenzeka emaphesentini amabili kuya kwayishumi okukhulelwa e-United States.

Uma uba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngenkathi ukhulelwe, akusho ukuthi ubenesifo sikashukela ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kwakho noma uzoba naso emuva kwalokho. Kepha isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sikhuphula ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngokuzayo.

Uma kungalawulwa kahle, kungakhuphula nobungozi bengane yakho bokuhlaselwa yisifo sikashukela futhi kwandise ubungozi bezinkinga zakho nengane yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Akuvamile ukuthi isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sidale izimpawu. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, kungenzeka zibe mnene. Zingafaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukungaboni kahle
• ukoma ngokweqile
• isidingo ngokweqile sokuchama
• ukuhoshozela

Yini ebangela isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Imbangela ngqo yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ayaziwa, kepha ama-hormone kungenzeka abambe iqhaza. Uma ukhulelwe, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamahomoni athile, kufaka phakathi:

• i-lactogen ye-placental yabantu (hPL)
• ama-hormone akhulisa ukumelana ne-insulin

La mahomoni athinta i-placenta yakho futhi asize ukugcina ukukhulelwa kwakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani lala mahomoni emzimbeni wakho liyakhula. Bangase baqale ukwenza umzimba wakho umelane ne-insulin, i-hormone elawula ushukela wegazi lakho.

I-insulini isiza ukukhipha i-glucose egazini lakho iye kumaseli akho, lapho isetshenziselwa khona amandla. Ekukhulelweni, umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uba ukumelana ne-insulin kancane, ukuze kutholakale i-glucose eningi ekusakazweni kwegazi lakho ukuze kudluliselwe enganeni. Uma ukumelana ne-insulin kuba namandla kakhulu, amazinga eglucose egazi akho angakhuphuka ngokungajwayelekile. Lokhu kungadala isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Ubani osengozini yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa uma:

• bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-25
• ube nomfutho wegazi ophakeme
• unomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela
• wawukhuluphele ngaphambi kokukhulelwa
• thola isisindo esikhulu kunokujwayelekile ngenkathi ukhulelwe
• balindele izingane eziningi
• phambilini bebelethe ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-9
• ngike ngaba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa esikhathini esedlule
• ngibe nokukhulelwa kwesisu okungaqondakali noma ukubeletha ingane ifile
• bekulokhu kuma-glucocorticoids
• une-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS), i-acanthosis nigricans, noma ezinye izimo ezihlotshaniswa nokuphikiswa kwe-insulin
• babe ne-Afrika, aboMdabu baseMelika, abase-Asia, isiQhingi sasePacific, noma okhokho baseSpain

Sitholakala kanjani isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

I-American Diabetes Association (ADA) ikhuthaza odokotela ukuthi bahlole njalo abesifazane abakhulelwe ngezimpawu zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Uma ungenawo umlando owaziwayo wesifo sikashukela namazinga ajwayelekile kashukela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho, kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokuhlola ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa lapho unamasonto angama-24 kuya kwangu-28 ukhulelwe.

Ukuhlolwa kwenselele yoshukela

Abanye odokotela bangaqala ngokuhlolwa kwenselelo yoshukela. Akukho ukulungiselela okudingekayo kulolu vivinyo.

Uzophuza isisombululo se-glucose. Ngemuva kwehora elilodwa, uzothola ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Uma izinga lakho likashukela egazini liphakeme, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwamahora amathathu okubekezela ngomlomo. Lokhu kuthathwa njengokuhlolwa kwezinyathelo ezimbili.

Abanye odokotela beqa ukuhlolwa kwenselelo yoshukela ngokuphelele futhi benza kuphela ukuhlolwa kwamahora amabili okubekezelela ushukela. Lokhu kuthathwa njengokuhlolwa kwesinyathelo esisodwa.

Isinyathelo esisodwa

1. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho asheshayo.
2. Bazokucela ukuthi uphuze isixazululo esiqukethe amagremu angama-75 (g) ama-carbohydrate.
3. Bazobuye bahlole amazinga kashukela egazini lakho futhi ngemuva kwehora elilodwa namahora amabili.

Bazokuxilonga ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa uma unanoma ikuphi kokulandelayo:

• ukuzila izinga likashukela egazini elikhudlwana noma elilingana nama-milligram angama-92 nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL)
• izinga lehora elilodwa likashukela egazini likhulu noma lilingana no-180 mg / dL
• izinga likashukela egazini lamahora amabili likhulu noma lilingana no-153 mg / dL

Ukuhlolwa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili

1. Ukuhlolwa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili, awudingi ukuzila ukudla.
2. Bazokucela ukuthi uphuze isixazululo esiqukethe u-50 g kashukela.
3. Bazohlola ushukela wegazi lakho ngemuva kwehora elilodwa.

Uma ngaleso sikhathi izinga likashukela egazini lakho likhulu noma lilingana no-130 mg / dL noma u-140 mg / dL, bazokwenza isivivinyo sokulandelela sesibili ngosuku oluhlukile. Umbundu wokunquma lokhu unqunywa udokotela wakho.

1. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesibili, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola izinga lokushukela egazini lakho lokuzila ukudla.
2. Bazokucela ukuthi uphuze isixazululo esino-100 g kashukela phakathi.
3. Bazohlola ushukela wegazi lakho ihora elilodwa, amabili, kanye namahora amathathu kamuva.

Bangahle bakuthole ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa uma unamanani okungenani amabili alandelayo:

• ukuzila izinga likashukela egazini elingaphezu noma elilingana no-95 mg / dL noma u-105 mg / dL
• izinga lehora elilodwa likashukela egazini likhulu noma lilingana no-180 mg / dL noma u-190 mg / dL
• izinga likashukela egazini lamahora amabili likhulu noma lilingana no-155 mg / dL noma u-165 mg / dL
• izinga likashukela egazini lamahora amathathu likhulu noma lilingana no-140 mg / dL noma u-145 mg / dL

Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?

I-ADA iphinde ikhuthaze odokotela ukuthi bahlolwe abesifazane besifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Uma unezici zobungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, udokotela wakho kungenzeka akuhlolele isimo lapho uvakashelwa okokuqala ngaphambi kokubeletha.

Lezi zici zobungozi zifaka:

• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukuhlala phansi
• ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• ukuba namazinga aphansi we-cholesterol enhle (HDL) egazini lakho
• ukuba namazinga aphezulu we-triglycerides egazini lakho
• ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela
• ukuba nomlando owedlule wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ama-prediabetes, noma izimpawu zokumelana ne-insulin
• phambilini ubelethe ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-9
• ukuba ngowase-Afrika, aboMdabu baseMelika, abase-Asia, isiQhingi sasePacific, noma isizukulwane saseSpain

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili.

Ikilasi A1 lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa esilawulwa ngokudla kuphela. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa esisesigabeni A2 bazodinga i-insulin noma imishanguzo yomlomo ukulawula isimo sabo.

Selashwa kanjani isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoya ngamazinga kashukela egazini usuku lonke.

Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uhlole ushukela wegazi ngaphambi nangemva kokudla, futhi uphathe isimo sakho ngokudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo.

Kwezinye izimo, bangafaka futhi imijovo ye-insulin uma kudingeka. Ngokusho kweMayo Clinic, amaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20 kuphela abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa abadinga i-insulin ukusiza ukulawula ushukela egazini.

Uma udokotela wakho ekukhuthaza ukuthi ubheke amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, angakunika into ekhethekile yokuqapha ushukela.

Bangaphinde bakunikeze imijovo ye-insulin uze ubelethe. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokubeka kahle isikhathi imijovo yakho ye-insulin maqondana nokudla kwakho nokuzivocavoca umzimba ukugwema ushukela wegazi ophansi.

Udokotela wakho angakutshela nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma amazinga kashukela egazi ehla kakhulu noma ephakeme ngokungaguquki kunalokho okufanele abe yikho.

Yini okufanele ngiyidle uma nginesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Ukudla okunomsoco kubalulekile ekuphatheni kahle isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Ngokuyinhloko, abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kufanele banake ngokukhethekile i-carbohydrate yabo, amaprotheni, nokudla kwamafutha.

Ukudla njalo - kaningi njalo emahoreni amabili - kungakusiza futhi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.

Ama-carbohydrate

Ukwehlukanisa kahle ukudla okune-carbohydrate kuzosiza ukuvikela ama-spikes kashukela egazini.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume kahle ukuthi mangaki ama-carbohydrate okufanele udle usuku ngalunye. Bangaphinde bancome ukuthi ubone udokotela wezokudla obhalisiwe ukusiza ngezinhlelo zokudla.

Izinketho ezinempilo ze-carbohydrate zifaka:

• okusanhlamvu okuphelele
• irayisi elinsundu
• ubhontshisi, uphizi, udali, nezinye izinhlobo zemidumba
• imifino enesitashi
• izithelo ezinoshukela ophansi

Amaprotheni

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele badle ama-protein amabili kuya kwamathathu ama-protein usuku ngalunye. Imithombo emihle yamaprotheni ifaka inyama enonile nezinkukhu, inhlanzi kanye ne-tofu.

Amafutha

Amafutha aphilile okufanele uwafake ekudleni kwakho afaka amantongomane angenawo usawoti, imbewu, uwoyela womnqumo, nokwatapheya. Thola amathiphu amaningi lapha mayelana nokuthi uzodlani - futhi ugweme - uma unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Uma isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singalawulwa kahle, amazinga kashukela egazini akho angahlala ephakeme kunokuba kufanele abe njalo lapho ukhulelwe. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni futhi kuthinte impilo yengane yakho. Isibonelo, lapho ingane yakho izalwa, angaba:

• isisindo sokuzalwa esiphakeme
• ubunzima bokuphefumula
• ushukela wegazi ophansi
• i-dystocia yamahlombe, edala ukuthi amahlombe abo abhajwe emgodini wokuzalwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Bangaba sengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yisifo sikashukela kamuva empilweni. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphatha isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngokulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa lwakho olunconywayo.

Uyini umbono wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Ushukela wegazi lakho kufanele ubuyele esimweni esejwayelekile ngemuva kokubeletha. Kodwa ukuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kukhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili kamuva empilweni. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa lezi zimo nezinkinga ezihambisanayo.

Ingabe isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singavinjelwa?

Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ngokuphelele isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukwamukela imikhuba enempilo kunganciphisa amathuba akho okuba nesimo.

Uma ukhulelwe futhi unezinye zezinto ezinobungozi besifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, zama ukudla ukudla okunempilo futhi uvivinye umzimba njalo. Ngisho nemisebenzi elula, njengokuhamba, ingaba lusizo.

Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa kungekudala futhi ukhuluphele ngokweqile, enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ongayenza ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukunciphisa umzimba. Ngisho nokulahlekelwa isisindo esincane kungakusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Funda le ndatshana ngeSpanishi.