I-Glioblastoma multiforme: izimpawu, ukwelashwa nokusinda

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani

IGlioblastoma multiforme uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho, weqembu lama-gliomas, ngoba luthinta iqembu elithile lamaseli abizwa ngokuthi "amaseli we-glial", asiza ekwakhekeni kobuchopho nasemisebenzini yezinzwa. Luhlobo lomdlavuza olungandile futhi, ezimweni eziningi, luvela ngezikhathi ezithile, luvame kakhulu kubantu abake bavezwa yimisebe ye-ionizing.

Lolu wuhlobo lwesimila esinolaka, oluhlukaniswe njengebanga IV, njengoba lunamandla amakhulu okungena ngaphakathi futhi lukhule ngokuhambisana nezicubu zobuchopho, futhi lungadala izimpawu ezinjengekhanda, ukuhlanza noma ukuquleka.

Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukususwa ngokuphelele kwesimila ngokuhambisana ne-radiotherapy kanye ne-chemotherapy, kepha, ngenxa yolaka nokukhula okusheshayo, akunakwenzeka ukwelapha lo mdlavuza, ngokwesilinganiso, osinde ezinyangeni eziyi-14, hhayi umthetho futhi uyahluka ngokuya ngobukhulu, usayizi nendawo yesimila, ngaphezu kwezimo zomtholampilo zesiguli.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umuthi uthuthukile, ngokwanda, ekufuneni izindlela zokwelapha ukwandisa impilo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yabantu abanalo mdlavuza.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Yize kuyivelakancane, i-glioblastoma multiforme iyimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu yamathumba amabi ebuchosheni aqhamuka ebuchosheni, futhi ivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-45 ubudala. Izimpawu zisukela kokumnene ziye kwesinzima, kuya ngendawo yakho ebuchosheni nosayizi, futhi ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• Ikhanda;
• Izinguquko kumakhono emoto, njengokuphelelwa amandla noma izinguquko ekuhambeni;
• Izinguquko ezibonakalayo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo;
• Ubunzima bokuqonda, njengokucabanga noma ukunakwa;
• Izinguquko zobuntu, njengokunganaki noma ukugwema umphakathi;
• Ukuhlanza;
• Ukuquleka okuxokozelayo.

Njengoba lesi sifo sifinyelela ezigabeni ezithuthuke kakhulu noma ezibulalayo, izimpawu zingakhulisa futhi ziyekethise ikhono lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke nokunakekelwa.

Lapho kukhona izimpawu ezikhombisa lo mdlavuza, udokotela anga-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yobuchopho, njengokufanekisa ngemagnificent resonance, okuzobonisa isimila ngeso lengqondo, kodwa-ke, isiqinisekiso senziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwengcezu encane yesicubu somzimba.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-glioblastoma multiforme kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemuva kokuxilongwa, kuhambisana ne-oncologist ne-neurologist, futhi kwenziwa nge:

1. Ukuhlinzwa: kuqukethe ukususwa kwaso sonke isimila esibonakalayo ekuhlolweni kwesithombe, ukugwema ukushiya izicubu eziyekisiwe, ukuba yisigaba sokuqala sokwelapha;
2. I-Radiotherapy: okwenziwa ngokukhishwa kwemisebe emizameni yokuqeda amangqamuzana e-tumor asele ebuchosheni;
3. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: kwenziwe ngokubambisana ne-radiotherapy, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okusetshenziswa kakhulu yiTemozolomide, ekwazi ukubambezela ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Bheka ukuthi ziyini nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinjenge-corticosteroids noma ama-anticonvulsants kungasetshenziswa ukuqeda ezinye izimpawu zesifo.

Njengoba kuyisigaxa esinolaka kakhulu, ukwelashwa kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi isikhathi esiningi kuba nokuphindeka, okwenza amathuba okwelashwa abe nzima. Ngakho-ke, izinqumo zokwelashwa kufanele zihlukaniswe icala ngalinye, kucatshangelwa isimo somtholampilo noma ubukhona bezindlela zokwelashwa zangaphambilini, futhi izinga lempilo lesiguli kufanele lihlale libekwa phambili njalo.

Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi kuye kwafunwa imishanguzo emisha yokwenza ngcono ukwelashwa kwe-glioblastoma, njengokwelashwa kofuzo, i-immunotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kwamangqamuzana, ukuze kufinyelelwe kangcono isimila futhi kusize ukululama.