Hyperkalaemia: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-hyperkalaemia
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Hyperkalaemia, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hyperkalemia, ihambelana nokwanda kwenani le-potassium egazini, ngokugxila ngaphezu kwenani lesethenjwa, eliphakathi kuka-3.5 no-5.5 mEq / L.

Ukwanda kwenani le-potassium egazini kungaholela ezinkingeni ezithile ezinjengobuthakathaka bemisipha, izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula kanzima.

I-potassium ephezulu esegazini ingaba nezimbangela eziningana, kepha kwenzeka ikakhulu njengomphumela wezinkinga zezinso, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinso zilawula ukungena nokuphuma kwe-potassium kumaseli. Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zezinso, i-hyperkalaemia ingenzeka ngenxa ye-hyperglycemia, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana noma i-metabolic acidosis.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ukwanda kwenani le-potassium egazini kungaholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezithile ezingacacanga, ezingagcina zinganakiwe, njenge:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Shintsha ekushayeni kwenhliziyo;
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuzwa ukuzwa;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye / noma ukukhubazeka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba khona isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuphefumula kanzima nokudideka kwengqondo. Lapho ethula lezi zimpawu, umuntu kufanele afune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze enze ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo futhi, uma kunesidingo, aqale ukwelashwa okufanele.

Inani elijwayelekile le-potassium yegazi liphakathi kuka-3.5 no-5.5 mEq / L, ngamanani angaphezu kuka-5.5 mEq / L akhombisa i-hyperkalaemia. Bona okuningi ngamazinga we-potassium egazi nokuthi kungani engashintshwa.

Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-hyperkalaemia

Hyperkalaemia kungenzeka ngenxa yezimo eziningana, njenge:

• Ukushoda kwe-insulin;
• I-hyperglycemia;
• I-metabolic acidosis;
• Izifo ezingalapheki;
• Ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso;
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli;
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo yokucinana;
• Isifo se-Nephrotic;
• Isifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwenani le-potassium egazini kungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, ngemuva kokumpontshelwa igazi noma ngemuva kokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperkalemia kwenziwa ngokuya ngesizathu soshintsho, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi endaweni yesibhedlela kungakhonjiswa. Amacala abucayi angalashwa ngokushesha angaholela ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo nakubuchopho noma komunye umonakalo womzimba.

Lapho i-potassium ephezulu egazini ivela ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinso noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efana ne-calcium gluconate kanye ne-diuretics, ngokwesibonelo, i-hemodialysis ingakhonjiswa.

Ukuvimbela i-hyperkalaemia, ngaphezu kokuthatha imishanguzo, kubalulekile ukuthi isiguli sibe nomkhuba wokudla usawoti omncane ekudleni kwaso, siphinde sigweme izinto ezingasetshenziswa njengama-cubing seasoning, nawo acebile nge-potassium. Lapho umuntu enokwenyuka okuncane kwe-potassium egazini, ukwelashwa okuhle ekhaya ukuphuza amanzi amaningi futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunothe nge-potassium, njengamantongomane, ubhanana nobisi. Bona uhlu oluphelele lokudla komthombo we-potassium okufanele ukugweme.