Umthwalo wegciwane le-HIV

-Delile

• Uyini umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi somthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nomthamo wegciwane le-HIV?
• Izinkomba

Uyini umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza?

Umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa inani le-HIV egazini lakho. Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza limelela igciwane lengculazi emzimbeni. I-HIV yigciwane elihlasela futhi libhubhise amaseli kumasosha omzimba. Lawa maseli avikela umzimba wakho kuma-virus, amabhaktheriya, namanye amagciwane abangela izifo. Uma ulahlekelwa amaseli omzimba amaningi kakhulu, umzimba wakho uzoba nenkinga yokulwa nezifo nezinye izifo.

Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza yigciwane elibangela ingculaza (i-immunodeficiency syndrome). I-HIV ne-AIDS kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza isifo esifanayo. Kodwa abantu abaningi abane-HIV abanayo i-AIDS. Abantu abane-AIDS banesibalo esincane kakhulu samaseli omzimba futhi basengozini yezifo ezisongela impilo, kufaka phakathi ukutheleleka okuyingozi, uhlobo olubi lwe-pneumonia, kanye nomdlavuza othile, kubandakanya iKaposi sarcoma.

Uma une-HIV, ungathatha imishanguzo ukuvikela amasosha akho omzimba, futhi angakuvimbela ekutholeni i-AIDS.

Amanye amagama: ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid, NAT, ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid amplification, NAAT, HIV PCR, RNA Test, HIV quantification

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ukuhlolelwa umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kungasetshenziselwa:

• Bheka ukuthi isebenza kanjani imithi yakho ye-HIV
• Bheka noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuthelelekeni kwakho nge-HIV
• Thola i-HIV uma ucabanga ukuthi usanda kusuleleka

Umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza uvivinyo olubizayo futhi lusetshenziswa kakhulu uma kudingeka imiphumela esheshayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zokubiza ezingabizi kakhulu zisetshenziswa kaningi ekuhloleni i-HIV.

Kungani ngidinga umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza?

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo anga-oda inani legciwane egazini le-HIV lapho uthola ukuthi une-HIV. Lesi silinganiso sokuqala sisiza umhlinzeki wakho ukukala ukuthi isimo sakho sishintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Mhlawumbe uzohlolwa futhi njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezine ukubona ukuthi amazinga akho egciwane aseshintshile yini kusukela kuhlolo lwakho lokuqala. Uma welashelwa i-HIV, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo anga-oda ukuhlolwa njalo kwegazi ukuze abone ukuthi imithi yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ungadinga futhi umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka usanda kutheleleka. Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lisakazeka kakhulu ngokuxhumana nocansi. (Ingadluliselwa futhi isuke kumama iye enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha nangobisi lwebele.) Ungaba sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka uma:

• Ngabe indoda eye yalala nenye indoda
• Uke waya ocansini nomlingani one-HIV
• Sike ngaba nabalingani abaningi bezocansi
• Ufake izidakamizwa ezijojowe, njenge-heroin, noma izinaliti zezidakamizwa ezabiwe nomunye umuntu

Umthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ungathola i-HIV egazini lakho kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa ungenile. Okunye ukuhlolwa kungathatha amasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga ukukhombisa ukutheleleka. Ngaleso sikhathi, ungathelela omunye umuntu ungazi. Umthamo wegciwane le-HIV ukukunikeza imiphumela ngokushesha, ukuze ugweme ukusabalalisa lesi sifo.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi somthamo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza?

Uchwepheshe wezempilo uzothatha isampula yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, esebenzisa inaliti encane. Ngemuva kokuthi kufakwe inaliti, kuzoqoqwa inani elincane legazi kufakwe ithubhu yokuhlola noma isitsha. Ungase uzizwe uluma kancane lapho inaliti ingena noma iphuma. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Awudingi noma yimaphi amalungiselelo akhethekile omthamo wegciwane le-HIV. Kodwa uma uthola lokhu kuhlola ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ungenwe yini yi-HIV, kufanele ukhulume nomeluleki ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwakho ukuze uqonde kangcono imiphumela kanye nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Kunengozi encane kakhulu yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungaba nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukulimaza lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, kepha izimpawu eziningi ziyaphela ngokushesha.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Ngezansi kunohlu lwemiphumela ejwayelekile. Imiphumela yakho ingahluka ngokuya ngempilo yakho ngisho nelebhu esetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa.

• Umphumela ojwayelekile usho ukuthi ayikho i-HIV etholakale egazini lakho, futhi awuthelelekile.
• Umthamo wegciwane eliphansi usho ukuthi igciwane alisebenzi kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe kusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-HIV kuyasebenza.
• Ubuningi begciwane egazini lisho ukuthi igciwane lisebenza kakhulu kanti ukwelashwa kwakho akusebenzi kahle. Ukuphakama kwenani legciwane egazini, kuba nengozi enkulu yezinkinga nezifo ezihlobene namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Kungasho nokuthi usengozini enkulu yokuthola ingculaza. Uma imiphumela yakho ikhombisa inani legciwane eliphakeme, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo cishe uzokwenza ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Uma unemibuzo ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nomthamo wegciwane le-HIV?

Yize lungekho ikhambi le-HIV, kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezingcono ezikhona manje kunangesikhathi esedlule. Namuhla, abantu abane-HIV baphila isikhathi eside, benempilo engcono kunakuqala. Uma uphila ne-HIV, kubalulekile ukubona umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo njalo.

Izinkomba

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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.