Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV Home nge-Rapid HIV Test

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Kufanele kuhlolwe nini i-HIV?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokuhlola i-HIV ezisheshayo?
• Ukuhlola ngaphandle kwe-United States
• Indlela entsha yokuhlola
• Sisebenza kanjani isivivinyo se-OraQuick In-Home HIV?
• Umuntu uyithola kanjani ilebhu?
• Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV ekhaya kunembile?
• Ziyini izinzuzo zokuhlolelwa i-HIV emakhaya?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinketho zokuhlola ekhaya?
• Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV?
• Yini elandelayo uma isivivinyo singekho?
• Yini elandelayo uma ukuhlolwa kunesifo?
• Imikhiqizo ukuzama
• Umuntu angahlola kanjani amanye ama-STD ekhaya?
• Ukuhlolwa

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Ukubuka konke

Cishe u-1 kwabangu-7 baseMelika abaphila ne-HIV abazi, ngokusho kwe-HIV.gov.

Ukuthola isimo sabo se-HIV kuvumela abantu ukuthi baqale imishanguzo enganweba impilo yabo futhi ivimbele abalingani babo ekutholeni lesi sifo.

Izincoma ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka ephakathi kuka-13 no-64 ubudala ahlolwe okungenani kanye.

Kungumqondo omuhle ukuthi umuntu ahlolwe njalo uma:

• nenza ucansi ngaphandle kwamakhondomu
• ulale nabalingani abaningi
• jova izidakamizwa

Kufanele kuhlolwe nini i-HIV?

Kukhona iwindi lamasonto amabili kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngemuva kokuchayeka kwe-HIV lapho amasosha omzimba eqala ukwenza amasosha omzimba alwa ne-HIV. Ukuhlolwa okuningi kwe-HIV kubheka lama-antibodies.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole imiphumela yokuhlolwa okungekuhle ezinyangeni ezi-3 zokuqala ukutholwa yi-HIV. Ukuqinisekisa isimo se-HIV esingesihle, phinda uhlolwe futhi ekupheleni kwesikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu.

Uma umuntu enophawu noma engaqinisekile ngemiphumela yakhe yokuhlolwa, kufanele afune usizo lwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izinketho zokuhlola i-HIV ezisheshayo?

Esikhathini esedlule, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlolela i-HIV ukuya ehhovisi likadokotela, esibhedlela, noma esikhungweni sezempilo somphakathi. Manje kunezinketho zokuhlolela i-HIV ngasese ekhaya lomuntu.

Olunye uvivinyo lwe-HIV, noma ngabe lwenziwe ekhaya noma esikhungweni sezempilo, luyakwazi nokuletha imiphumela kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuhlolwa okusheshayo.

I-OraQuick In-Home HIV Test njengamanje iyona kuphela isivivinyo sasekhaya esisheshayo i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) eyamukelile. Kuthengiswa ku-inthanethi nasezitolo ezidayisa izidakamizwa, kodwa abantu kudingeka okungenani babe neminyaka eyi-17 ubudala ukuze bayithenge.

Olunye uvivinyo lwasekhaya olwamukelwa ngokushesha yi-FDA, i-Home Access HIV-1 Test System, lwanqanyulwa ngumenzi walo ngo-2019.

Okunye ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya okusheshayo kuyatholakala e-United States, kodwa akuzange kuvunyelwe i-FDA. Ukusebenzisa izivivinyo ezingavunyelwe i-FDA kungaba yingozi futhi kungahle kunganikezi imiphumela enembile ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukuhlola ngaphandle kwe-United States

Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okuvunyelwe ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV ekhaya ngaphandle kwe-United States kufaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kwe-Atomo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyatholakala e-Australia futhi kuvunyelwe yi-Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), okuyinkampani elawula izwe. Ihlolela i-HIV emizuzwini engu-15.
• okuzenzakalelayo VIH. Lokhu kuhlolwa kutholakala kuphela ezingxenyeni ezithile zase-Europe. Ihlolela i-HIV emizuzwini engu-15 kuya kwengu-20.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokuzihlola kwe-HIV. Lokhu kuhlolwa kutholakala kuphela ezingxenyeni ezithile zase-Europe. Ihlolela i-HIV cishe emizuzwini eyi-15.
• I-INSTI HIV Ukuzihlola. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwethulwe eNetherlands ngo-2017 futhi kungathengwa yonke indawo ngaphandle kwase-United States naseCanada. Ithembisa imiphumela ngemizuzwana engama-60.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV okulula kwe-ByMe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwethulwe ngoJulayi 2020 futhi kuyatholakala e-United Kingdom naseJalimane. Ihlolela i-HIV emizuzwini engu-15.

Lezi zivivinyo ezithile zincike kusampula yegazi ethathwe eminweni yomunwe.

Akekho kubo ovunyelwe yi-FDA ukuthi isetshenziswe e-United States. Kodwa-ke, amakhithi we-autotest VIH, BioSure, INSTI, ne-Simplitude ByMe wonke anezimpawu ze-CE.

Uma umkhiqizo unomaka we-CE, khona-ke uhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha, ezempilo nezemvelo ezibekwe yi-European Economic Area (EEA).

Indlela entsha yokuhlola

Ucwaningo lwango-2016 lubike inketho entsha yokuhlola enganikeza imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi ngemizuzu engaphansi kwengu-30 kusetshenziswa induku ye-USB nethonsi legazi. Kungumphumela womzamo wokubambisana we-Imperial College London nenkampani yezobuchwepheshe iDNA Electronics.

Lokhu kuhlolwa akukakhululwa emphakathini jikelele noma kuvunyelwe i-FDA. Kodwa-ke, ikhombisile imiphumela ethembisayo ekuhlolweni kokuqala, ngokunemba kokuhlolwa kukalwe cishe ngamaphesenti angama-95.

Sisebenza kanjani isivivinyo se-OraQuick In-Home HIV?

Ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya ngakunye kusebenza ngokuhlukile.

Ukuhlolelwa i-OraQuick In-Home Test:

• Sway ingaphakathi lomlomo.
• Faka i-swab kushubhu enesisombululo esithuthukayo.

Imiphumela iyatholakala ngemizuzu engama-20. Uma umugqa owodwa uvela, isivivinyo sinegethivu. Imigqa emibili isho ukuthi umuntu angaba nethemba. Olunye uvivinyo olwenziwa endaweni yokuhweba noma emtholampilo luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yokuhlolwa emihle.

Thenga i-OraQuick In-Home HIV Test online.

Umuntu uyithola kanjani ilebhu?

Ukuthola ilebhu ethembekile, enelayisense kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela yokuhlolwa enembile. Ukuthola ilebhu yesampula yegazi e-United States, abantu banga:

• iya ku-https: //gettested.cdc.gov ukufaka indawo yabo futhi uthole ilebhu eseduze noma umtholampilo
• shayela ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO)

Lezi zinsiza zingasiza nabantu ukuthi bahlolelwe ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STDs), ezibizwa nangokuthi izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs).

Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV ekhaya kunembile?

Ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya kuyindlela eyiyo yokuhlolela i-HIV. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthola igciwane ngemuva kokuvezwa kunezivivinyo ezenziwe ehhovisi likadokotela.

Amazinga omzimba wokulwa negciwane lesandulela ngculaza ematheni angaphansi kwamazinga omzimba we-HIV egazini. Ngenxa yalokho, i-OraQuick In-Home HIV Test ingahle ingayitholi i-HIV ngokushesha njengoba ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenza.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokuhlolelwa i-HIV emakhaya?

I-HIV kulula ukuyiphatha nokuphatha uma ikhonjwe kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kuqalwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV ekhaya kuvumela abantu ukuthi bathole imiphumela cishe ngokushesha - kwesinye isikhathi kungapheli imizuzu - ngaphandle kokulinda isikhathi sokubonana nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma ukuthatha isikhathi esimisweni sabo ukuvakashela ilebhu.

Ukuhlonza kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekwelashweni okuyimpumelelo kwesikhathi eside nokuphila ne-HIV.

Ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya kunika abantu amandla okufunda ukuthi banalo yini leli gciwane ngaphambi kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokuhlola. Lokhu kungabasiza ukuthi banciphise umthelela wegciwane kubo nakwabanye ababazungezile.

Ukuhlonza kusenesikhathi kungavikela ngisho nabantu abangabazi, njengoba abalingani babo bezocansi bengathola i-HIV bese beyidlulisela kwabanye.

Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kunganciphisa igciwane liye emazingeni angatholakali, okwenza i-HIV ingadluliseki. I-CDC ibheka noma yikuphi inani legciwane egazini ukuthi alibonakali.

Yiziphi ezinye izinketho zokuhlola ekhaya?

Kukhona okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV okungathengwa kalula ku-inthanethi futhi kuthathwe ekhaya ezifundazweni eziningi. Kubandakanya izivivinyo ezivela ku-Everlywell nakuLetsGetChecked.

Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwe-HIV okusheshayo, abahlinzeki ngemiphumela yosuku olufanayo. Amasampuli wokuhlola kufanele ahanjiswe kuqala elebhu. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kufanele itholakale ku-inthanethi ezinsukwini eziyi-5 zebhizinisi.

Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bayatholakala ukuze bachaze imiphumela yokuhlolwa futhi baxoxe nangezinyathelo ezilandelayo zabantu abahlolwe benegciwane.

I-Everlywell HIV Test isebenzisa igazi elivela eminweni yomunwe.

Amakhithi we-LetsGetChecked Home STD Testing ahlola izifo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Lezi zifo zibandakanya i-HIV, ugcunsula, kanye namanye amakhithi, i-herpes simplex virus. Lawa makhithi okuhlola adinga isampula segazi nesampula yomchamo.

Thenga okhiye be-Everlywell HIV Test kanye neLetsGetChecked Home STD Testing kits online.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-HIV?

Emasontweni ambalwa okuqala ngemuva kokuba umuntu esethole i-HIV, bangabona izimpawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• ukuqubuka
• ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemalungeni
• imfiva
• ikhanda
• ukuvuvukala kwentamo ezungeze ama-lymph node
• Umphimbo obuhlungu

Ngesikhathi sokuqala, esaziwa njengokutheleleka okuyinhloko noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV okunamandla, kungaba lula kakhulu ukuthi umuntu adlulisele i-HIV kwabanye.

Umuntu kufanele acabangele ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV uma ehlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ngemuva kwale misebenzi elandelayo:

• ukuya ocansini ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kwekhondomu
• ukujova izidakamizwa
• ukwamukela ukumpontshelwa igazi (okungajwayelekile) noma ukwamukelwa komzimba

Yini elandelayo uma isivivinyo singekho?

Uma umuntu ethola umphumela wokuhlolwa ongemuhle futhi sekuphele izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 selokhu avezwa obala, angaqiniseka kahle ukuthi akanayo i-HIV.

Uma sekuphele izinyanga ezingaphansi kwezingu-3 selokhu kwatholakala, kufanele bacabangele ukuthatha olunye uvivinyo lwe-HIV ekupheleni kwesikhathi sezinyanga ezi-3 ukuqinisekisa. Ngaleso sikhathi, kungcono ukuthi basebenzise amakhondomu ngesikhathi socansi futhi bagweme ukwabelana ngezinaliti.

Yini elandelayo uma ukuhlolwa kunesifo?

Uma umuntu ethola umphumela omuhle, ilebhu efanelekayo kufanele iphinde isampule isampula ukuze iqiniseke ukuthi ibinganembile noma kwenziwe esinye isampula. Umphumela otholakele ekuhloleni okulandelayo kusho ukuthi umuntu une-HIV.

Kunconywa ukuthi abantu abahlola ukuthi bane-HIV babone umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu ukuxoxa ngezindlela zokwelashwa.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angenza umuntu one-HIV aqale ukwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane ngokushesha. Lona ngumuthi osiza ukumisa i-HIV ukuthi uthuthuke futhi ungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukudluliselwa kwe-HIV kwabanye abantu.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amakhondomu noma amadamu amazinyo nganoma yibaphi kanye nabo bonke abalingani bezocansi futhi uyeke ukwabelana ngezinaliti ngenkathi ulinde imiphumela yokuhlolwa noma kuze kube yilapho igciwane lingatholakali egazini.

Ukubona umelaphi noma ukujoyina iqembu lokusekelwa, kungaba mathupha noma ku-inthanethi, kungasiza umuntu ukuthi abhekane nemizwa nezinkinga zezempilo eza nokutholakala ukuthi une-HIV. Ukubhekana ne-HIV kungaba yingcindezi futhi kube nzima ukuxoxa ngisho nabangane abaseduze kakhulu nomndeni.

Ukukhuluma ngasese nomelaphi noma ukuba yingxenye yomphakathi owenziwe ngabanye abanesimo esifanayo sezokwelapha kungasiza umuntu aqonde ukuthi angaphila kanjani impilo enempilo, esebenzayo ngemuva kokuxilongwa.

Ukufuna usizo olwengeziwe kochwepheshe bezokwelapha, njengabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle noma abeluleki abavame ukuhlotshaniswa nemitholampilo ye-HIV, kungasiza futhi umuntu ukuthi abhekane nezinkinga eziphathelene nokwelashwa. Lezi ngcweti zingasiza ekuhleleni ukuhlela, ukuthutha, ezezimali, nokuningi.

Imikhiqizo ukuzama

Izindlela zokuvimbela, njengamakhondomu namadamu wamazinyo, zingasiza ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STDs), ezaziwa nangokuthi izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs).

Bathengele ku-inthanethi:

• amakhondomu
• amadamu amazinyo

Umuntu angahlola kanjani amanye ama-STD ekhaya?

Abantu bangahlolela amanye ama-STD, njenge-gonorrhea ne-chlamydia, besebenzisa amakhithi okuhlola ekhaya. Lezi zivivinyo ngokuvamile ziqukethe ukuthatha isampula yomchamo noma i-swab kusuka endaweni yesitho sangasese uye nayo endaweni yokusebenzela ukuze ihlolwe.

Ukuhlolwa

• Thola ikhithi yokuhlola ekhaya esitolo sezidakamizwa noma ku-inthanethi.
• Thola indawo yokuhlola ukuze uhlaziye isampula ngokusebenzisa i-https: //gettested.cdc.gov noma ushayele ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO).
• Lindela imiphumela.

Ukuhlolwa kufanele kuphindwe uma umuntu ethola imiphumela emibi, kepha bahlangabezana nezimpawu ze-STD.

Enye indlela ukuthi abahlinzeki bezempilo ba-ode olunye uvivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela ilungile.