Yini i-dextrocardia nezinkinga eziyinhloko

-Delile

• Izinkinga eziyinhloko zenhliziyo ohlangothini olungakwesokudla lomzimba
• 1. I-ventricle yangakwesokudla enezitolo ezimbili
• 2. Ukulungiswa kodonga phakathi kwe-atria nama-ventricles
• 3. Iphutha ekuvuleni komthambo we-ventricle efanele
• 4. Kushintshana imithambo enhliziyweni

I-Dextrocardia yisimo lapho umuntu ezalwa khona nenhliziyo ngakwesokunene somzimba, okuholela ethubeni elandayo lokuba nezimpawu ezenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke futhi enganciphisa ikhwalithi yempilo, njengokushoda ukuphefumula nokukhathala lapho uhamba noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi, isibonelo. Lezi zimpawu zivela ngoba ezimweni ze-dextrocardia kunamathuba amakhulu okuthuthuka okungafani nemithambo evuvukile, izindonga zenhliziyo ezingakhuli kahle noma ama-valve abuthaka.

Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, iqiniso lokuthi inhliziyo ikhula ohlangothini lwesokunene akusho noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga, njengoba izitho zingakhula kahle futhi, ngakho-ke, akudingekile ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, kudingekile kuphela ukuthi ukhathazeke lapho inhliziyo isesandleni sokudla futhi kuvela izimpawu ezivimbela ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kulezi zimo, kunconywa ukuya kudokotela wezingane, esimweni sengane, noma kudokotela wenhliziyo, esimweni somuntu omdala, ukuhlola ukuthi kunenkinga yini nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko zenhliziyo ohlangothini olungakwesokudla lomzimba

1. I-ventricle yangakwesokudla enezitolo ezimbili

Inhliziyo ejwayelekile1. I-ventricle yangakwesokudla enezitolo ezimbili

Kwezinye izimo inhliziyo ingakhula ngesici esibizwa nge-ventricle efanele enezindawo ezimbili zokuphuma, lapho imithambo emibili yenhliziyo ixhuma khona ku-ventricle efanayo, ngokungafani nenhliziyo ejwayelekile lapho umthambo ngamunye uxhuma khona ku-ventricle.

Kulezi zimo, inhliziyo ibuye ibe nokuxhumana okuncane phakathi kwama-ventricles amabili ukuvumela igazi ukuba liphume kwi-ventricle yesobunxele engenakho ukuphuma. Ngale ndlela, igazi elicebile oksijini lihlangana negazi elivela emzimbeni wonke, okudala izimpawu ezifana nokuthi:

• Ukukhathala okulula nokudlulele;
• Isikhumba nezindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• Izipikili ezijiyile;
• Kunzima ukuthola isisindo nokukhula;
• Ukuphefumula ngokweqile.

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-ventricles amabili nokubeka umthambo we-aortic endaweni efanele. Ngokuya ngobukhulu benkinga, kungadingeka ukwenza ukuhlinza okuningana ukuthola umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

2. Ukulungiswa kodonga phakathi kwe-atria nama-ventricles

Inhliziyo ejwayelekile2. Ukulungiswa kodonga

Ukungalungi kwezindonga phakathi kwe-atria ne-ventricles kwenzeka lapho i-atria ingahlukaniswanga phakathi kwayo, kanye nama-ventricles, okwenza inhliziyo ibe ne-atrium eyodwa ne-ventricle eyodwa enkulu, esikhundleni sezimbili. Ukuntuleka kokuhlukaniswa phakathi kwe-atrium ngayinye ne-ventricle kuvumela igazi ukuba lihlangane futhi liholele ekwandeni kwengcindezi emaphashini, kubangele izimpawu ezinjengezi:

• Ukukhathala ngokweqile, noma ngabe wenza imisebenzi elula njengokuhamba;
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile noma esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• Ukuntula ukudla;
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha;
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nesisu;
• I-pneumonia ejwayelekile.

Imvamisa, ukwelashwa kwalenkinga kwenziwa cishe ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 ngemuva kokuzalwa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kwakhiwe udonga phakathi kwe-atria nama-ventricles, kepha, ngokuya ngobukhulu benkinga, udokotela angahle anikeze nemithi ethile, njenge-antihypertensive izidakamizwa kanye nezidakamizwa, ukuthuthukisa izimpawu kuze kube yilapho ingane ifinyelela eminyakeni lapho kunengozi encane yokuhlinzwa.

3. Iphutha ekuvuleni komthambo we-ventricle efanele

Ukuvulwa okujwayelekile komthambo3. Iphutha ekuvuleni komthambo

Kwezinye iziguli ezinenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokunene, i-valve phakathi kwe-ventricle efanele kanye nomthambo wamaphaphu ingahle yathuthukiswa kahle, ngakho-ke, ayivuli kahle, ivimbela ukudlula kwegazi liye emaphashini futhi ivimbele ne-oxygenation eyanele yegazi. . Ngokuya ngobungako be-valve engalungile, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Isisu esivuvukile;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile nokuquleka;
• Kunzima ukuphefumula;
• Isikhumba esiphundu.

Ezimweni lapho inkinga imnene, ukwelashwa kungahle kungadingeki, noma kunjalo, uma kubangela izimpawu ezihlala njalo futhi ezinzima kungadingeka ukuphuza imithi esiza igazi ukuba ligijime kangcono noma ihlinzwe ukufaka i-valve esikhundleni, isibonelo.

4. Kushintshana imithambo enhliziyweni

Inhliziyo ejwayelekile4. Imithambo eshintshiwe

Yize kungenye yezinkinga zenhliziyo eziyivelakancane, inkinga yemithambo eshintshiwe enhliziyweni ingavela kaningi ezigulini ezinenhliziyo ngakwesokudla. Le nkinga ibangela ukuthi umthambo wamaphaphu uxhumeke ku-ventricle wesobunxele esikhundleni se-ventricle efanele, njengoba nje umthambo we-aortic uxhunywe ku-ventricle efanele.

Ngakho-ke, inhliziyo enomoya-mpilo ishiya inhliziyo idlule iye ngqo emaphashini futhi ingadluli kuwo wonke umzimba, kuyilapho igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liphuma enhliziyweni futhi lidlulele ngqo emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuthola umoya-mpilo emaphashini. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu eziyinhloko zivela ngemuva nje kokuzalwa futhi zifaka:

• Isikhumba se-Bluish;
• Kunzima kakhulu ekuphefumuleni;
• Ukuntula ukudla;

Lezi zimpawu zivele ngemuva nje kokuzalwa futhi, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwe-prostaglandin esiza ukugcina imbobo encane evulekile phakathi kwe-atria ukuxuba igazi, elikhona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi elivala maduzane ngemuva kokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuhlinzwe phakathi nesonto lokuqala lempilo ukubeka imithambo endaweni efanele.