Kufanele Uncelise Isikhathi Esingakanani?

-Delile

• Yiziphi izincomo zokuncelisa ibele?
• Ziyini izinzuzo zokuncelisa?
• Izinsuku zokuqala
• Inyanga yokuqala
• Izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4
• Izinyanga eziyi-6
• Izinyanga eziyi-9
• 1 unyaka
• Ngale konyaka
• Okukhethekile uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphakelwa kwenhlanganisela
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi ekunceliseni ibele?
• Ukuthatha isinqumo sokulumula
• Ungamunyisa kanjani
• Ukuthatha

Yiziphi izincomo zokuncelisa ibele?

Kunezinzuzo eziningi zokuncelisa izingane nomama ibele, kepha udinga ukuncelisa isikhathi esingakanani ukuze uthole lezi zinzuzo? Futhi ingabe kunephuzu lapho ukuncelisa ibele kungaba yingozi?

Kokubili (i-WHO) ne-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) kusikisela ukuthi omama emhlabeni wonke bancelisa izingane ezincelisayo izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho okunye ukudla noma isiphuzo ngaphandle kobisi lwebele engxenyeni yokuqala yempilo yengane. Baphinde bancoma ukuthi ukuncelisa ibele kuqhubeke okungenani unyaka wokuqala, ngokungezwa kokudla okuqala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.

Ukuncelisa ibele unyaka kungenzeka kungenzeki kubo bonke abesifazane. Funda ukuze ufunde ukuthi ukuncelisa ibele isikhathi esifushane, noma ukuthi ukuhlanganisa ukuncelisa nefomula, kungasizuzisa kanjani umntwana.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokuncelisa?

Kunezinzuzo eziningi zokuncelisa ibele noma ngabe unquma ukuncelisa ibele izinsuku ezimbalwa nje. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezivelele ngokuya ngeminyaka yengane yakho.

Izinsuku zokuqala

Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi izingane zigcinwe eduze komama bazo futhi ziqale ukuncelisa ngokushesha nje ngehora lokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa. Izinzuzo ngalesi sikhathi zibandakanya ukuthintana okusondele kwesikhumba nesikhumba kwengane nokukhuthaza ubisi kumama.

Ekuqaleni, umntwana uthola into ejiyile ephuzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-colostrum. IColostrum yisigaba sokuqala sobisi lwebele futhi iqukethe izakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile nama-antibody engane esanda kuzalwa. Ezinsukwini ezilandelayo, ubisi lwebele lungena ngokugcwele ukuze lunikeze umsoco wokuqala, futhi lungasiza nokuvikela ingane ekuthelelekeni.

Inyanga yokuqala

I-United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) ichaza ubisi lwebele njengokugoma kokuqala kwengane. Ubisi lwebele lunikeza amasosha omzimba wokuzivikela okungenani ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwengane. La masosha omzimba avikela ekulweni:

• isifo sohudo esithathelwanayo
• izifo zendlebe
• izifo zesifuba
• ezinye izindaba zezempilo, njengezinkinga zokugaya ukudla

Omama bathola inzuzo yamahomoni azizwa kahle, i-oxytocin ne-prolactin. Ngokubambisana, la mahomoni angakhiqiza imizwa yenjabulo noma yokwaneliseka.

Abesifazane abancelisa ibele bangaphinde babuyele emuva ekuzalweni ngokushesha njengoba ubuhlengikazi busiza inkontileka yesibeletho ibuyele kusayizi wayo ojwayelekile ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4

Njengoba izingane zingena enyangeni yesithathu yokuphila, ubisi lwebele luyaqhubeka nokuxhasa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. Iphinde inikeze ezinye izingane ukuvikelwa kuma-allergen atholakala kokunye ukudla nezithasiselo.

Ukuncelisa ibele okuqhubekayo kungasiza umama ukuthi ashise ama-kilojoule angama-400 kuya kwangama-500 ngosuku, angakusiza ukuthi ugcine isisindo esinempilo sangemva kokubeletha.

Ukuncelisa ibele kungasiza nakwezempilo zangaphakathi kumama. Eminye ikhombisa ukuthi ubuhlengikazi bungehlisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo samathambo nesifo senhliziyo. Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuxhumana.

Izinyanga eziyi-6

Izinzuzo zokuncelisa ziyaqhubeka noma ngabe kufakwa ukudla kwasetafuleni, odokotela abakuncomayo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala. Ubisi lwebele lungaqhubeka nokunikeza amandla namaprotheni, kanye novithamini A, i-ayoni, nezinye izakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile. Akugcini lapho, kepha ubisi lwebele luyaqhubeka nokuvikela ingane ezifweni nasekuguleni inqobo nje uma luludla.

Kumama, ukufinyelela le ngqophamlando yomdlavuza webele neminye imidlavuza, njenge-ovarian, i-endometrium, nomdlavuza wesibeletho. Eqinisweni, ngokusho kombiko okhishwe yi-World Cancer Research Fund kanye ne-American Institute for Cancer Research ngo-2017, njalo ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokuncelisa, owesifazane anganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele ngamaphesenti amabili.

Ukuncelisa ibele okukhethekile kunganikeza nokuvimbela inzalo okusebenzayo okungamaphesenti angama-98 ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala uma isikhathi sokuya esikhathini singakabuyi futhi umama eqhubeka nokudla kwasebusuku. Vele, uma enye ingane ingekho kuhlelo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukusebenzisa indlela yokwenza isipele, njengamakhondomu.

Izinyanga eziyi-9

Izincomo zokondla eziphakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12 zifaka phakathi ukuncelisa ibele ngokufunwa nokunikela okunye ukudla phakathi kwezikhathi ezi-3 kuye kwezi-5 ngosuku. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubisi lwebele kusamele lunikelwe ngaphambi kokudla, ngokudla kwetafula kuthathwa njengokungeziwe.

Ngaphandle kokwehla okuqhubekayo kwengcuphe yomdlavuza webele, imithombo ayikuboni ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwengozi yezinye izifo komama abancelisa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

1 unyaka

Enye inzuzo yokuncelisa isikhathi eside ukuncoma izindleko. Kungenzeka ulondoloze imali eningi kwifomula, engalinganiselwa ngaphezulu nje kuka- $ 800 ekugcineni okuphansi kuye ku- $ 3,000 ngonyaka wokuqala.

Izingane ezinceliswa ibele unyaka nazo zingaba namasosha omzimba aqinile futhi kungenzeka zingabi namathuba amancane okudinga ukwelashwa kokukhuluma noma umsebenzi we-orthodontic. Kungani? Umbono uthi konke ukuncela ebeleni kuyasiza ukuthuthukisa imisipha emlonyeni nangasemlonyeni.

Ngale konyaka

Izincomo zokondla ngonyaka nangaphezulu zifaka ukuncelisa ibele ngokufunwayo nokunikela okunye ukudla kahlanu ngosuku. Ungase futhi wethule ubisi lwenkomo ngalesi sikhathi uma ufisa ukuyeka ukunikeza ubisi lwebele, noma ufuna umuntu ozomela ubisi lwebele.

Olunye ucwaningo oludala lukhombisa ukuthi ukuncelisa isikhathi eside isikhathi eside kunganikeza izingane onqenqemeni uma kukhulunywa ngezikolo ze-IQ nentuthuko yezenhlalo. Kodwa-ke, okuningi kutholile ukuthi izinzuzo ze-IQ zingaba zesikhashana kuphela.

Okukhethekile uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphakelwa kwenhlanganisela

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi abesifazane bathathe isinqumo sokunezela ukondla ngamabhodlela obisi lwebele noma amafomula ezentengiso. Ukuncelisa ibele akudingeki kube konke-noma-lutho. Ingane yakho isengazuza ngokuthola ubisi lwebele.

Uma uhlanganisa okunye okuphakelayo nobisi lwebele kanti okunye nefomula, kubizwa ngokuthi inhlanganisela yokudla. Ezinye izinzuzo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe zifaka:

• ukuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba nomama ukuze uhlangane
• inzuzo yokuncela ibele ukuze ukhule ngomlomo
• ukuvezwa kwama-antibodies asiza ngokungezwani nokuvikela izifo
• izinzuzo zezempilo eziqhubekayo zomama

Ukondliwa kwe-combo kungasiza kakhulu omama abasebenza abangafisi ukupompa emsebenzini noma kungenjalo abakwazi ukupompa. Hlala wazi ukuthi ezinye izingane zingase "zihlehle umjikelezo" futhi zinakekele kaningi lapho zihlangene nomama.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ekunceliseni ibele?

Ezingxenyeni ezehlukene zomhlaba, isilinganiso sobudala bokulunyulwa siphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengu-4 ubudala. Ezinye izingane zinceliswa ibele kuze kube yiminyaka engu-6 noma engu-7 kwamanye amasiko.

Azikho izingozi ezaziwayo zokuqhubeka nokuncelisa isikhathi eside kunonyaka wokuqala noma emibili. Futhi abukho ubufakazi obucindezelayo obusikisela ukuthi ubude besikhathi sobudlelwano bokudla benza ukuthi ukulunyulwa kube nzima kakhulu.

Ukuthatha isinqumo sokulumula

Ukuncelisa okuqhubekayo ngokudla okuhambisanayo kuze kube usuku lokuzalwa lwesibili kwengane noma ngaphezulu. I-AAP iphakamisa ukuqhubeka kokuncelisa ibele kanye nokudla kuze kube usuku lokuqala lokuzalwa kwengane, noma isikhathi eside ukudlula lokho njengokufiswa ngumama nengane.

Ezinye izimpawu ingane yakho ingahle ikulungele ukulunyulwa zifaka:

• ukuba ngaphezu konyaka ubudala
• ukuthola umsoco owengeziwe ekudleni okuqinile
• ukuphuza kahle ngenkomishi
• kancane kancane unciphise izikhathi zobuhlengikazi ngaphandle kokuqhutshwa
• ukumelana nezikhathi zokonga

Lokho kusho, isinqumo sokuthi uzolunyula nini esomuntu siqu. Uma usukulungele ukulumula ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho ifinyelele kulezi zinyathelo ezinkulu, ungakhathazeki. Wenza umsebenzi omangalisayo noma ngabe uqhubeka kanjani nokondla ingane yakho.

Ungamunyisa kanjani

Ukulunyulwa kuqale ngokwethulwa kwengane kokudla kwasetafuleni, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele usendleleni yakho unganakile. Ukuyeka ukuphakelwa kokuncelisa ibele kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo kule nqubo lapho ukudla sekusungulwe kangcono.

Amanye amathiphu:

• Taper off versus going turkey turkey ukusiza ukunikezela kwakho kunciphe ngaphandle kwezinkinga ze-engorgement. Zama ukulahla okuphakelayo okukodwa njalo evikini elilodwa noma amabili, isibonelo.
• Qala ngokulahla okuphakelayo kwasemini. Ukuphakelwa kokuqala nokokugcina kosuku ngokuvamile kunzima kakhulu ukumisa ingane futhi ngenxa ye-engorgement.
• Shintsha inqubo yakho ngezikhathi ezejwayelekile zokudla. Isibonelo, gwema ukuhlala ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zabahlengikazi.
• Ukunikezwa kuvezwe ubisi lwebele enkomishini noma ebhodleleni. Ingane yakho isazothola izinzuzo zobisi lwebele, kusuka kumthombo ohlukile.
• Nciphisa ukungakhululeki ngokufaka izingcindezi ezibandayo noma amaqabunga eklabishi emabeleni akho.

Uma uzwa ukumelana noma uma ingane yakho ifuna ukuncelisa, yincelise ibele. Inqubo ingahle ingahambi kahle, futhi ungahlala uzama futhi kusasa. Okwamanje, sebenza ezindleleni zokuthikamezeka ngokudla, amathoyizi, noma izilwane ezifakiwe, neminye imisebenzi. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi unikeza omncane wakho omningi wokuxhumana naye oseduze kanye nengalo ngesikhathi soguquko.

Ukuthatha

Ekugcineni, ukuthi uncelisa isikhathi esingakanani kukuwe nengane yakho. Kukhona izinzuzo uma uncelisa izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela, nezinye eziqhubeka iminyaka yomama nengane. Wena nengane yakho ningazuza ekuphakelweni okuhlanganisiwe, noma ekulekeleleni ubisi lwebele neminye imithombo yokudla, njengefomula noma okuqinile.

Zethembe futhi uzame ngakho konke okusemandleni ukuthi ungakhathazeki ngokuthi abanye bacabangani ngezinqumo zakho. Uma udinga ukwesekwa ngezinkinga zokondla noma eminye imibuzo, cabanga ngokuya kudokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe we-lactation endaweni yangakini.